Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Faceless heroes: A content analysis of determinants for the recruitment, career development and retention of Emergency Medical Dispatchers in the United States of America
No full textEmergency Medical Dispatchers (EMDs) provide life-critical telephone-based medical advice 24 h a day, 365 days a year. EMDs are the first point of contact but rarely, if ever, meet the public whom they serve. They are detached from the scene and less visible than their first responder colleagues, but subject to comparable levels of stress and secondary trauma: they are our faceless heroes. In recent years, recruitment and retention levels are falling: candidates are dropping out before completing their training due to early burnout. Despite their key role, scant attention has been paid to this area of research. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying contributory factors that affect recruitment, career development and retention of EMDs and suggesting improvements to practice. Interpretivism underpinned 11 inductive interviews focused on EMD recruitment, career development and retention. The resultant qualitative data were transcribed verbatim, and then subjected to content analysis using the computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software Atlas. ti. Content analysis resulted in 20 thematic codes, which were refined into seven categories – recruitment, training and career development, required systemic enhancements, role stress, ideal EMD, esprit de corps and optimum skillset - articulated as the optimum skill-set theory. These informed one comprehensive network diagram and two tables to illustrate the links between the codes and categories, explicated by participant quotations. They also elaborate on the theoretical and practical contributions made by the study which provide critical insights for recruiters, in-career EMD and those interested in pursuing a career as an EMD.Engineering Technolog
Foreign aid and women in STEM fields: A comparative analysis of low-income countries
Get PDFDespite extensive research on gender disparities in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields in the United States and Europe, less attention has been paid to understanding the barriers that women in low-income countries face when attempting to pursue education and careers in STEM. This study investigates the specific obstacles impeding gender advancement in STEM disciplines across underdeveloped nations. It examines whether foreign aid directed towards education has facilitated women's achievements in STEM, and if not, identifies potential barriers that may have hindered program success. The theoretical framework underpinning this research posits the presence of active women's civil society organizations as a crucial factor influencing the effectiveness of foreign aid in advancing women's representation in STEM. I propose that women's civil society organizations enhance transparency and monitoring of women's programs, ultimately facilitating improved policy implementation regarding women's rights.
To test my hypothesis, I employ a global dataset encompassing the percentage of women in research careers, drawn from United Nations educational sources, and combine it with data on foreign aid program spending, focusing on investments in education. This allows me to examine the potential successes and failures of over 3 million aid programs implemented by 96 donors in all low- and middle-income countries (based on world bank’s country categorization data) between 1990 and 2020. I use the Woman Stats NGO-FW dataset as a proxy for the participation of women in civil society groups.
The findings suggest that overall aid disbursements to the education sector have an adverse effect on gender parity in enrollment at the secondary school levels even when women's civil society organizations and NGOs are existent. Aid allocated to STEM education did not yield any significant impact. The results indicate that high levels of corruption in aid recipient countries does not appear to be a determining factor in aid effectiveness
4-H Junior Leaders handbook
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Forward outlook on artificial intelligence in business and accounting
No full textThis paper explores the expanding role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the realms of business and accounting, analyzing its current applications, potential benefits, and inherent challenges. It delves into how AI, driven by advancements in machine learning, has become increasingly integrated across diverse industries, reshaping operations and amplifying human capabilities. Through interviews with accounting professionals, it highlights AI's role in streamlining tasks, enhancing efficiency, and prompting a shift towards collaborative human-machine workflows. However, it also underscores the ethical considerations, technical limitations, and potential pitfalls associated with AI integration, emphasizing the need for responsible usage, ongoing education, and coexistence between humans and AI
Examination of machine learning techniques for UAV-based imagery in agricultural applications
No full textThe advancement of machine learning techniques and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has revolutionized agricultural applications, offering efficient solutions to longstanding challenges. This thesis presents two case studies that explore the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms for agricultural tasks using UAV-based imagery taken for peanut and corn fields. In the first case study, leveraging deep learning-based object detection (OD) and UAV-based imagery, we studied the early detection of peanut germination failures. Our results showed that deeper models only marginally improved the performance (F1 score were 0.82 and 0.85 for SSD and Faster RCNN, correspondingly) but were more expensive in computation and inference times. The performance of RGB-based seedling detection is comparable to that of R-RedEdge-NIR, indicating that a remote sensing setup with a regular RGB camera can perform as well as a more expensive, multispectral camera system to detect peanut seedlings. The findings demonstrate that cheaper remote sensing mechanisms with the rapid acquisition of UAV-based imagery and the efficiency of OD methods are practical for early peanut germination detection. The second case study focuses on field-scale corn yield prediction, a crucial aspect of food security and agricultural management. We investigate the performance of traditional ensemble learning methods (Random Forest and Gradient Boosting) and deep learning models (ResNet 18, ResNet34, ViT and a customized shallow CNN framework called SimRes) using both RGB and multispectral imagery acquired by UAV across different growth stages (early, middle, late stages) of corn fields. Extensive quantitative analysis demonstrate that the customized SimRes performs as well as deep learning baselines but with faster computing times, while traditional approaches, such as Random Forests and Gradient Boosting exhibited marginally smaller R-squared values. Models utilizing multispectral images outperformed models using RGB images, albeit with variations across growth stages. Deep learning methods performed better than ensemble learning methods in early and late growth stages using RGB images, while performance became comparable in the middle stage. These results underscore the importance of additional information or more complex models to enhance prediction accuracy alongside a trade-off between computational complexity and accuracy. Overall, these case studies offer valuable insights into the application of machine learning techniques for agricultural tasks
Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and Klebsiella pneumoniae
No full textSARS-CoV-2 patients have been reported to have high rates of secondary Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. K. pneumoniae is a commensal that is typically found in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. However, it can cause severe disease when a person's immune system is compromised. Despite a high number of K. pneumoniae cases reported in SARS-CoV-2 patients, a coinfection animal model evaluating the pathogenesis is not available. Therefore, we developed a mouse model to study the disease pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and K. pneumoniae co-infection. We also made a model looking at different SARS-CoV-2 severity and K. pneumoniae strains. We also tested at what days post virus infection, K. pneumoniae will increase mortality in co-infected mice. BALB/cJ mice were inoculated with mouse-adapted (MA) SARS-CoV-2 followed by a challenge with K. pneumoniae. Mice were monitored for body weight change, clinical signs, and survival during infection. The bacterial load, viral titers, immune cell accumulation and phenotype, and histopathology were evaluated in lungs. The coinfected mice showed severe clinical disease and a higher mortality rate within 24-48 h of K. pneumoniae infection. The co-infected mice had significantly elevated bacterial load in the lungs, however, viral loads differed between different doses of SARS-CoV-2 and K. pneumoniae strains. Histopathology of co-infected mice showed severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia with copious intralesional bacteria. Flow cytometry analysis showed significantly higher numbers of neutrophils and macrophages in the lungs. Our data points to higher severity of SARS-CoV-2 and high pathogenic strain of K. pneumoniae increases mortality rates
Weed control in pecans, apples and peaches
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Nutrition for older adults: Appetite and nutrition
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
How the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced communication and language development in preschool-aged children
No full textThe purpose of this research project is to gain insights into how the unprecedented disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic have influenced the communication and language development of preschool-aged children. The COVID-19 pandemic, a global health crisis, led to significant changes in our daily lives. With lockdowns, remote learning, limited social interactions, and a general shift in our routines, children, especially those in their formative preschool years, experienced a radically different environment. Such shifts impact various facets of their development, notably their communication and language skills. The language learning lab at Oklahoma State University had completed a previous study which noted differences in children’s communication and language development due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which prompted the effort to complete more research on the topic. Through this survey, we wish to learn more about the perceptions and observations of parents and professionals about children's communication patterns during and around the time of the pandemic. By collecting and analyzing this data, we hope to understand: The nature and extent of any observed changes in a child's communication behavior, the potential challenges and benefits the pandemic might have brought about in the realm of language acquisition and communication for preschool-aged children, and how parents and professionals navigated and supported the child's communication needs during this period. Twelve parents, nine mothers and three fathers responded. The results of this study showed a mixed impact on communication and language development. About half of the parents reported a negative impact while about half reported no change. These results indicate some children showing resilience to changes in their daily life while others may have had a more difficult transition
Reupholstery in the home
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311