Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Impact of protective and compensatory experiences (PACEs) on resilience in adults with substance use disorder
No full textIntroduction: Treatment models for substance use disorders are continually evolving, often placing a heavy emphasis on the role of self-agency, a capacity often shaped by the patient’s upbringing and ability to overcome adversity. Many studies show a well-defined connection between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), resilience, and substance use disorders later in life. However, there is little research into how these childhood experiences shaped those individuals who went on to develop a substance use disorder. Individuals with higher resilience have experienced more positive treatment outcomes, like prolonged periods of abstinence and lower relapse risks. Therefore, our study's objective is to examine the correlation between PACEs and resilience in patients undergoing treatment for a substance use disorder.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data collected from participants in the Project CANARY (Clinical and Neurological Augers of Recovery) registry which consists of adults currently in treatment for a substance use disorder. Data was collected through self-report surveys, including demographic information, PACEs, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Pearson Correlations assessed the impact of these PACEs experiences on resilience from the CD-RISC. Post-hoc analysis examined the difference in PACEs groups ± 5 PACES, 1 standard deviation below the mean.Results: Our analysis revealed a significant correlation between high PACE scores and increased resilience in adulthood (r=0.26, p=0.006). Participants with higher PACE scores (>5/10) demonstrated higher resilience scores, while less ACES is not significantly correlated.Conclusions: The study’s findings show a significant correlation between PACEs and resilience in adulthood, underscoring the importance of nurturing positive childhood environments. Though adverse childhood experiences have long-lasting impacts, the presence of protective and compensatory experiences from childhood play a crucial role in bolstering resilience, thus offering valuable insights for potential therapeutic approaches in substance use recovery and mental health interventions. This could include future research into how newly acquired positive and protective experiences in adulthood, such as volunteering or a new hobby, could contribute to the patients’ ability to recover. The study advocates for a balanced perspective in childhood experience research, emphasizing not only the mitigation of adversities but also the promotion of positive experiences for long-term resilience and well-being
Unveiling the digital terrain: Exploring the landscape of cyberbullying on twitter through the analysis of common toxic words used by cyberbully
Get PDFIntroduction: Cyberbullying is a serious issue that has become more prevalent in our digital age. The negative effects on the mental health of cyberbullying victims can be severe, and it can lead to anxiety, depression, and even suicidal thoughts. Addressing cyberbullying requires a multifaceted approach that involves individuals, communities, educators, online platforms, and policymakers. Creating a safer and more inclusive digital environment involves responding to incidents of cyberbullying and prevention efforts through awareness campaigns and promoting positive online behaviors. However, designing an effective cyberbullying prevention awareness program can be challenging due to the ever-evolving nature of online interactions. Analyzing toxic words plays a crucial role in staying ahead of evolving tactics and adapting prevention efforts accordingly. This study aims to conduct a trend analysis of cyberbullying based on natural language processing (NLP) to gain a deeper understanding of emerging trends and patterns in cyberbullying behavior.Methods: We have applied NLP techniques using sentiment analysis to online text posts that are related to cyberbullying. By doing so, we are able to understand the trends over time. One of the models that we used is the naive Bayes (NB) classification model, which is a probabilistic machine learning model based on Bayes’ theorem. It is commonly used for text classification and assumes independence among features. To perform the analysis, we used a Tweets cyberbullying dataset that contains #### tweets related to cyberbullying. Before running the NB model, we preprocessed the dataset by tokenizing, removing stop words, and converting them to lowercase. The NB model classifies the tweets into two categories: either "not cyberbully" or if they are "cyberbully," then they are further categorized into "race," "gender," "religion," and "ethnicity." After classification, we calculated the frequency distribution of words in each category to identify the commonly used toxic words for each cyberbully category. Throughout the analysis process, we leveraged Python libraries like NLTK or spaCy.Results: The study investigates trend analysis of the most commonly used toxic words in different types of cyberbullying tweets. We listed the toxic words mapped with the cyberbullying category related to “race,” “gender,” “religion,” and “ethnicity,” along with the frequency distribution.Conclusion: The study systematically investigates the association of toxic words related to different categories of cyberbullying from Twitter post content. It provides valuable insights into the prevalence and patterns of cyberbullying on social media platforms. Understanding the contextual factors of cyberbullying is crucial in preventing and combating such behavior. The findings from the study can contribute to the ongoing efforts to make the online space safe and inclusive for everyone
Effects of class-action lawsuits on California glyphosate usage
No full textSince 2016, a slate of class action lawsuits have been filed in California against Monsanto (and its acquiring company Bayer) alleging that glyphosate has caused non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in people exposed to the pesticide. The current litigation may create liability risks for farmers who continue to use glyphosate in the wake of the lawsuits. The research presented seeks to investigate the impact of class action lawsuits on glyphosate usage in California. A dataset is compiled with annual, county-level observations on the low, average, and high use estimates of glyphosate and other pesticides in California and the rest of the U.S. between 2013-2019. Our difference-in-differences analysis suggests that in the wake of these lawsuits, glyphosate usage in California has fallen by between 38% and 80% depending on the use estimate. The decisions in the courtroom regarding glyphosate users health risks are already having a decreasing effect on agricultural production and pesticide input decisions in the real world
Relationship between hip ROM and shoulder pain in adolescent baseball athletes
No full textIntroduction/Objectives: In the United States alone, baseball is one of the most common sporting events that adolescents take part in. Annually, over 5 million adolescents participate in baseball. Throwing a ball puts an immense amount of stress onto the upper extremities, especially the shoulder. If there are deficiencies at any point during the throwing motion, the stress placed on the shoulder will grow even more. This compensation could possibly originate from the hip and the joints’ range of motion. Decreased range of motion could lead to poor mechanics and an increase of pain in the shoulder during the throwing motion. The purpose of this critically appraised topic is to investigate the correlation between shoulder pain during the throwing motion and a decreased amount of hip range of motion.Methods: Five studies looked at how the throwing mechanics of adolescent baseball athletes could be causing shoulder pain. Each study utilized goniometry to determine hip range of motion of each subject and a specific self-reported pain rating questionnaire to determine the subjects shoulder pain. Each study included participants under the age of 18, did not have a previous history of shoulder injuries, genetic disorders affecting the musculoskeletal system, and included field players as well as pitchers.Results: Four of the five studies agreed that there is a correlation between a lack of normal hip range of motion and shoulder pain during the throwing mechanics of adolescent baseball athletes. Overall, the lack or limited hip range of motion could be associated with shoulder pain or injuries.Conclusions: In all the studies included in this synthesis, subjects in the adolescent age range with no related, previous history of injury to the shoulder were assessed for complaints of pain. Each study utilized goniometry to measure hip range of motion and a self-reported pain scale. 4 of the 5 studies included were supportive of the notion that a deficiency in hip range of motion could lead to compensation patterns that contribute to shoulder pain in adolescent baseball athletes
Exploring the interactive role of particulate organic matter and mineral-associated organic matter on soil nitrogen availability
No full textBioavailable nitrogen (N) is a yield-limiting factor for crop yield. Soil organic matter (SOM) supplies N to crops, but challenges in characterizing and predicting N mineralization from SOM contribute to N-synchrony imbalance. Mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) stores the majority of N, but a percentage of it may be bioavailable. Historically, particulate organic matter (POM) was believed to be the primary source, but MAOM may also provide N to crops as evidence suggests a portion of MAOM is cycling at faster rates. We developed an efficient method of SOM fractionation to source MAOM from a variety of whole soils for use in soil incubations, and developed a method to generate POM, both in large quantities to increase the amount of analyses performed during a soil incubation experiment. Results indicate that for pH, normalized ammonium, normalized nitrate, total inorganic N, dissolved organic N, organic carbon, and total N are all significantly affected by a three-way interaction of MAOM type, POM-N/TN ratio, and time point. Conversely, Gross ammonium production was significantly affected by MAOM and TP individually
Meta-analysis of the correlation between dental anxiety and oral health effect on adults
No full textThis investigation probes the relationship between dental anxiety and oral health effect on adults through a meta-analysis. The study offers a summary of relevant dental anxiety research and examines the inclusion of articles that contain variables connected to oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The research predicts increased dental anxiety is associated with poor levels of OHRQoL and explores levels of bias in included studies. Of 760 articles reviewed related to dental anxiety, 14 articles dated from 2011 to 2023 met inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis and were evaluated along five levels of bias domains. The total sample size across all 14 studies was 17,572, and the ages ranged from 18-84 years old. Results reveal a negative association between dental anxiety and OHRQoL in 11 of the 14 studies; 2 found no association and 1 found both a positive and a negative association. Thus, the hypothesis was supported. Of the studies, 8 contain a low risk of bias, while 6 contain a moderate risk of bias. Research findings benefit dental care professionals who seek to positively impact patients, to offer greater awareness of OHRQoL, and to improve treatments for those suffering with dental anxiety
Gotham State University NIL guide, Sept. 2023
No full textIn July of 2021, college athletics experienced a ground-breaking development – student-athletes could now profit from their name, image, and likeness (NIL). Because of this, the NCAA was forced to change its policies regarding NIL. Now, almost three years later, NIL and college athletics are an ever-changing landscape. New laws are being written by state governing bodies, the federal level is facing pressure to create an overarching standard, and universities are trying to revise their policies to keep up with the times. This tumultuous era for college sports has created new stressors for student-athletes. According to the 2022 NCAA Student-Athlete Well-Being Study, 47% of Division I male and female athletes conveyed they needed more resources to effectively navigate NIL deals. Therefore, this project intends to act as one of those new resources. The Gotham State University Name, Image, and Likeness Guide will provide student-athletes with essential concepts that will act as a broad introduction to the legal aspects of NIL. These key points are delivered in an engaging and enticing manner by utilizing modern design concepts and conversational language. Along with these aspects, the NIL guide uses strategic methods, such as QR codes, to make the guide more accessible to the target audience. By utilizing these strategic techniques, the GSU NIL guide will be an effective resource for student-athletes as they navigate the new world of NIL.Link to flipbook: https://publuu.com/flip-book/487659/111697
Half way up the stairs
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Exploring data sharing practices in ophthalmology journals: A cross-sectional analysis
No full textBackground: Open data practices in medical research not only uphold the principles of reproducibility and integrity in scientific endeavors but also pave the way for collaborative advances by allowing researchers to build upon each other's findings. Despite the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) making data sharing mandatory for clinical trials since 2017, barriers persist in research data sharing. Even decade-old ophthalmological data from the US National Institutes of Health remains unreleased as of 2023. The extent of ophthalmology's adoption of data sharing remains uncertain, influenced by journal and institutional policies, clarity of statements, and dataset prevalence and accessibility. This study aims to investigate the current state of data sharing in ophthalmology, identifying strengths, barriers, and improvement avenues. Understanding these practices is pivotal, not just for the sake of transparency, but also for ensuring the rapid advancement of ophthalmology as a discipline.Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, we identified the top ten Ophthalmology journals that published original research articles, ranking them based on the Clarivate Journal Impact Factor scores. We searched and compiled a list of all original research articles published in these 10 journals over the 5-year timeframe from 2018 to 2023. To be included, articles had to be original research studies focused on ophthalmology, providing new primary data (either quantitative or qualitative) and published between 2018 and 2023 in one of the top 10 selected journals. Exclusions comprised review articles, commentaries, editorials, letters, studies unrelated to ophthalmology, and those lacking novel primary data.Using a standardized extraction form, two researchers independently extracted data on bibliographic details, presence and details of data sharing statements, repository details, study design, journal data policies mentioned, ethical approval obtained, and consent for data sharing mentioned. Two investigators independently conducted data extraction within the sample, resolving discrepancies through discussion. Upon completing data extraction, we computed the number and percentage of articles containing data sharing statements, categorized by journal and publication year.Results: In the analysis of 1406 screened and evaluated articles, approximately one-fourth of articles included a data sharing statement. Among these, the majority indicated data availability upon request, while one-fifth had data accessible on online platforms. A smaller proportion explicitly mentioned that their data was not available for sharing. Notably, less than one-tenth of articles with data sharing statements had obtained consent for data sharing.Conclusion: Our cross-sectional analysis of ophthalmology research articles reveals a landscape where data sharing practices are not yet pervasive, despite efforts to promote them. Approximately one-fourth of the examined articles included data sharing statements, with the majority offering data availability upon request and a smaller fraction making data accessible on online platforms. The limited mention of obtained consent for data sharing highlights a significant gap in ethical considerations. This study underscores the existing barriers in ophthalmological data sharing, influenced by journal and institutional policies, clarity of statements, and dataset accessibility. Addressing these issues is crucial not only for transparency but also for fostering collaborative advancements and ensuring the rapid progress of ophthalmology as a discipline