OSU Journals (Oklahoma State University)
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Readiness for treatment: Predictors of drug abuse help-seeking in Mexican American, African American and white San Antonio arrestees
Get PDFThis research explores the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, drug use, drug related activities, high risk behavior and feelings of substance dependency with readiness for treatment among Mexican American, African American and white arrestees. The sample (N=688) was drawn from the Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) arrestees in San Antonio, Texas who tested positive for heroin or cocaine and admitted using these drugs sometime in their life. Analysis based on a series of step-wise forward regressions identified the most significant predictors and odds ratios for wanting treatment for each ethnic group. The results indicate that each ethnic group presented a distinct pattern predicting help-seeking behavior ranging from a highly complicated one for Mexican Americans to a less complicated model for African Americans. The strongest predictors for Mexican Americans are feelings dependent on heroin and on marijuana (more than doubling the odds). Being divorced, injecting cocaine and feeling dependent on alcohol and having illegal income and spending $200 or more on drugs a week also increased the odds of seeking treatment. For African Americans using heroin everyday tripled the odds, while money spent on drugs and not having full-time employment were also strong predictors of readiness for treatment. For whites feeling dependent on alcohol tripled the odds of help seeking, while using heroin every day, injecting cocaine and money spent on drugs doubled the odds of readiness for treatment. The implications are that a more creative attention to the specific complexes of sociological and social psychological variables associated with ethnic groups would lead to progress both in scientific theory construction and the planning of prevention interventions in these groups
Fathers' changing performance of housework: A bigger slice of a smaller pie
Get PDFThe amount of time devoted to housewolt( was measured for both fathers and mothers residing in a southwestern community within the United States during 1989 and 1994. A scientific random sample was used and respondents were interviewed by telephone. The findings were compared to measures and results from studies dating back to the 1920s. The contention that today's fathers are taking on more family duties than their predecessors and that wives' employment is a primary causal factor were assessed. Compared to earlier studies, the findings show that today' a couples devote less time to housework. Within this declining trend a contradictory pattern emerged for fathers. While their proportional contributions to housewolt( consistently increased, simultaneous the amount of tine fathers spent has varied very little. This pattern suggests a trend toward parity with mothers. Exception was south western fathers whose wives were employed. They spent less time doing housewolt( than fathers who were the sole earners in the family. The most important factor contributing to parents doing an equal amount of housework was the reductions in time spend by mothers
Surgical specialization in a limited health care profession: Countervailing forces shaping health care delivery
Get PDFThis study investigated correlates of surgical specialization among a group of no~hysician specialistspodiatrists. Placed in the context of a countervailing powers perspective, we investigate one research question not previously examined among a group of limited-health professionals: Is the current world environment ofpodiatrists (e.g., practice locations, world in a hospital, physician referrals), as compared to their prior education and sociodemographic characteristics, more likely to be associated with surgical specialization? Results show that respondents who practiced in more than one office location, who made referrals to endocrinologists, and who had full medical-staff privileges in a hospital had the greatest likelihood of claiming specialization in surgery. Implications of the findings are discussed in terms of how developments in podiatry are related to a reconfiguration of health care delivery by involving podiatrists increasingly with the traditional world and authority of physicians
Getting right with Humpty: Or how sociologists propose to break up gangs, patch broken communities, and make scary children into conventional adults
Get PDFA critical reappraisal of the social scientific literature on gang research and mtervention strategies finds the social disorganizat1on paradigm employed by most experts in the field sorely wanting Its central problem is that it severely undervalues ordisnesses altogether the viability of the civil society in those communities where gangs have emerged Based on this premtse . experts end up predtcting that gangs will appea r anywhere and are content to recommend Intervention strategtes that do not work and further erode the capactty of local groups to respond to the ir gang problems An alternattve perspecttve on youth culture and gangs in communities is offered based on a strongervtewofcivil soctety and thecapactty of communities to integrate young persons tnto a grownup worl