5063 research outputs found
Sort by
The Dark Triad and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: Power Moderator
Get PDFThe Dark Triad personality traits—Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism—are widely recognized for their association with negative workplace outcomes (Paulhus & Williams, 2002). While previous research has explored the direct relationship between these traits and counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs), meaning deliberate actions that directly harm an organization and its members, the potential moderating role of organizational power remains largely unexplored (e.g., Cohen, 2016; Preston et al., 2021; Ellen III et al., 2021; Baka, 2019). This study aims to investigate how an individual\u27s level of power within an organization may influence this relationship, hypothesizing that increased organizational power will strengthen the positive correlation between Dark Triad traits and CWBs, with the exception of Machiavellianism due to the occurrence of above-average impulse control and being strategic in a different way than the other two traits in that being liked may prove valuable. To accomplish this, we will recruit participants via Prolific to complete a self-report survey measuring their Dark Triad traits, occurrences of CWBs, and both perceived and actual organizational power. The survey, designed in Qualtrics, will also gather demographic information, including recent full-time employment, education level, and current industry. The collected data will be analyzed to explore the interaction effects among these three key concepts: dark personality traits, CWBs, and power. Understanding the relationships between these factors is essential for fostering organizational cohesiveness and success while enhancing employee satisfaction and well-being. The expected outcomes of this study will contribute to the growing body of knowledge on dark personality traits by clarifying the role of power in strengthening their negative effects. As noted by Marcus et al. (2018), empirical interest in the Dark Triad has increased considerably since the term was coined by Paulhus and Williams (2002), highlighting the importance of continued research in this area. This study will also identify potential risk factors for CWBs in organizational settings and inform human resource practices and leadership development programs. Findings may help organizations implement more effective screening processes for leadership positions, develop tailored training programs to address the impact of dark personalities, and create organizational structures that limit the potential for abuse of power. By examining the moderating effect of power on the relationship between Dark Triad traits and CWBs, this research aims to provide valuable insights that can foster healthier and more productive work environments
Developing a Measure of Toxic Positivity at Work
Get PDFA survey instrument measuring toxic positivity in the workplace was developed in this research study. We hypothesized that toxic positivity manifests through two key dimensions: emotional suppression conformity and future optimism bias, and developed a comprehensive measurement tool to assess these behaviors. We created a 29-item survey, derived from a comprehensive literature review and refined through expert feedback using the Lawshe Content Validity Ratio. Data was collected from a convenience sample of 156 employed individuals, recruited through Prolific Academic. Descriptive statistics show an average participant age of 39.75 years, with a gender distribution of 54.5% male, 41.8% female, and 3.6% non-binary. We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to refine the scale and assess its dimensionality. This analysis led to the identification of two core dimensions, emotional suppression conformity and future optimism bias, with strong internal reliability (Cronbach\u27s alpha of .93 and .90, respectively). This new scale can be used by organizations to identify and address the prevalence of these attitudes among their employees. Researchers can also use it to test its relationship with organizational outcomes, such as burnout and employee engagement. Future studies should also consider further validating this scale by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and examining correlations between scores on this scale to those of emotional labor, burnout, and realistic optimism to establish convergent and discriminant validity. Our poster will focus on the development of this scale and the future research needed in this space as well as the practical implications summarized below. Practically, the scale can serve as a diagnostic tool for organizations to mitigate toxic positivity, improve emotional authenticity, and promote healthier workplace cultures. These insights are critical for enhancing employee well-being, job satisfaction, and organizational productivity
The only disability in life is a bad attitude : A quantitative exploration of the impacts of inspiration porn
Get PDFInspiration porn is a social media representation of visibly disabled individuals performing physical activities accompanied by short motivation captions meant to inspire viewers. Critics of inspiration porn hold that it misrepresents the reality of disability and negatively impacts disabled people. This study aimed to quantitatively explore the impacts of inspiration porn on various disability-related variables, as there is limited research on this topic. We hypothesized that exposure to inspiration porn would increase system justification and belief in a just world, decrease support for disability-related policies, and cause viewers to view disabled individuals as sources of inspiration. We also had several exploratory hypotheses. We hypothesized that exposure to inspiration porn would increase dehumanization of and prejudice towards disabled people. Additionally, we hypothesized exposure to inspiration porn would increase support for the medical model of disability and decrease support for the social model of disability. In this study participants (n = 296) saw either inspiration porn or a control image and then completed self-report measures of our dependent variables. Our results were mostly null; however, exposure to inspiration porn did increase the dehumanization of disabled people. We hope this work brings awareness to the negative impacts of inspiration porn
Smart cities and how they affect those with disabilities
Get PDFThis study investigates how to further improve the lives of people with Autism and Cerebral Palsy when it comes to the development of Smart Cities. This is an effort to provide a glimpse into the perspective of those with these disabilities when it comes to technological advancement. The focus of this study was Chattanooga,Tennessee and Los Angeles, California. These two cities are respectively on the East and West side of the country. Thus, there is of course a difference when how these two cities function. This was done through research under the guise of a question and answer methodology. The process took several months and looked at many different aspects. These aspects included Transportation and Buildings, drawbacks of smart transportation and buildings along with fears and myths that many believe about Smart Cities. There is also discussion about what steps a City can take to reduce risk and inform those under their care to the positive aspects of Smart Cities. It also dictates how to properly start the implementation and whom to reach out to. This research has shown that there is plenty left to be done to properly integrate those with disabilities into Smart Cities. There is still a long way to go to get to a perfect Smart City and it is important to look at these aspects now instead of finding issues later on in the future. By doing small scale projects, it will allow those involved to get used to the idea and implementation of Smart Cities
Guardians of the Data: Government Use of AI and IoT in the Digital Age
Get PDFThe exponential growth of technology, epitomized by Moore\u27s Law – “the observation that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit will double every two years”– has propelled the swift evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. This phenomenon has revolutionized various facets of daily life, from smart home devices to autonomous vehicles, reshaping how individuals interact with the world around them. However, as governments worldwide increasingly harness these innovations to monitor and collect personal data, profound privacy concerns have arisen among the general populace. Despite the ubiquity of AI and IoT in modern society, formal education on these technologies remains scant, leaving many individuals ill-equipped to navigate the complex landscape of digital privacy and data security. Consequently, the pervasive exposure to these technologies underscores the pressing need for comprehensive educational initiatives to empower individuals to safeguard their privacy rights effectively. This study represents an endeavor to understand, critique, and guide the trajectory of government utilization of AI and IoT technologies. Through rigorous analysis, ethical inquiry, and forward-looking insights, it aspires to foster a digital landscape that not only harnesses the potential of these technologies but also safeguards the fundamental rights and dignity of individuals in an increasingly interconnected world
Beloved other: (re)creating theories of language, time, and embodiment for queer liberations
Get PDFThrough Beloved Other, I offer a story of difference retold. A reimagination of the harsh drape of embodied difference as defined by White hegemony. Through Part I, I will lay out the theoretical foundations for my process of (re)telling. Beginning with intersectionality, difference is (re)defined as a site of potential energy, then further clarified through the lens of Queer Phenomenology by Sara Ahmed. In this section I will use my theory to disidentify difference, relying on the work of Jose Esteban Muñoz, to reveal the life-saving impulse toward connection between individuals, and the potential energy between bodies that can help us (re)make Queer new worlds. Necessary to this work are Queer modes of embodiment and disability studies, both of which are introduced, alongside disidentifications, through Toni Morrison’s short story “Recitatif” (originally published in 1983). Part II explores Beloved Other’s (re)historicization project to further develop the importance of embodiment through (re)telling the body. This section will further develop disidentification through the combination of Queer and Critical Craft Theories in a discussion of two artistic physical texts. Such a combination reveals the importance of labor and speech/language to the processes of community building towards which Beloved Other strives. Part III expands the disidentification of language through a theory of temporal deconstruction. In this section I lean on the theories of Black Quantum Futurism to define and deconstruct Patrilinear time through Beloved Other and the creation of a new Queer language. I further develop the possible embodiments of this new language through a discussion of Octavia E. Butler’s Kindred. In Part IV I conclude my project with a meditation on Toni Morisson’s Beloved along side a physical artistic text that I created in conjunction with my own beloved kin. Through cross genre prose and my art piece I will demonstrate the beginning of the creative, reconstructive power of Beloved Other
Click, click, boom: a multi-level analysis of repeat firearm offending in Chattanooga, Tennessee
Get PDFCriminologists have long noted the exacerbated rates of firearm-related offending in the United States in comparison to other developed nations. There has been a renewed focus on gun crime in the wake of a recent dramatic reversal of the long-trending decrease in firearm-related violence. Explorations of the factors that contribute to firearm offending are often restricted to large metro areas like Chicago, New York City, and Philadelphia—which may have limited generalizability to more common small and medium sized cities in the United States. This study attempts to address this concern through examination of the factors that contribute to firearm re-offending among arrestees in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Specifically, multi-level analysis is used to explore the relative influence of neighborhood conditions, arrestee demographics, gang involvement, and offense characteristics on the odds of repeat firearm offending among a sample of individuals arrested for gun crimes committed between 1/1/21 and 4/30/23 (n = 937)
Understanding the experience of immigrant workers: A qualitative examination of the work demands, resources and barriers to achieve optimal wellbeing
Get PDFThe proposed research aimed to identify known and understudied demands, resources, and barriers Latino immigrants experienced performing manual labor. The sample was composed of 24 first-generation Latino immigrants, which participated in 5 different focus groups with 4 to 8 participants each. Using a deductive and inductive approach to code the data, and after conducting a thematic analysis, it was found 27 demands and barriers and 13 resources. Some of the most common demands and barriers to achieve optimal well-being I discrimination, workload, learned helplessness, and lack of safety training. Among the resources found, building self-efficacy, immigration readiness, and resilience I commonly mentioned. Although these demands might not be unique to immigrant workers, it might be harder for them to engage in a recovery process from strain, given a lack of availability of resources. Future research and practical recommendations are outlined in this research by the participants and the researcher
Developing and validating a measure for recovery motives
Get PDF“Workplace Recovery” refers to the replenishment of workers\u27 energetic resources which is an important process for bettering workers’ personal lives and their organization. Regularly engaging in workplace recovery has significant benefits for work and home domains. Yet, there has been little to no research on what motivates employees on an individual level to participate in recovery behaviors. The present study identified individual motivations to engage in recovery through interviews. Responses were used to create a Motives for Recovery scale which was then validated in a survey study. Three common motivational themes were identified; self-regulation, social and personal development, and externally driven roles. Self-regulation and social/personal development tended to correlate more with well-being outcomes while externally driven role motives tended to correlate with work outcomes. This scale could be used to identify common motivations for engaging in recovery, which can help aid in relevant recovery interventions
Validating the empirical distress prediction models within the AASHTOWare Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical Design, using Tennessee pavement performance data from the Long Term Pavement Performance database
Get PDFThe Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) represents a recent pavement design approach, developed to address the shortcomings of the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures. The Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical Design (PMED) software is set to operationalize the mechanistic-empirical principles outlined in MEPDG. However, empirical distress prediction models integrated into PMED were developed and calibrated using national data, necessitating validation and local calibration before implementation on a local scale. Moreover, updates to PMED present possibilities for continuous evaluation to account for improvements in the distress prediction models. This study validates PMED version 2.6.2.2’s prediction models using Tennessee pavement performance data from the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database, along with previously established local and current global calibration coefficients. Findings from statistical evaluations support the need for local calibration and recalibration of the distress prediction models, in order to suit Tennessee conditions