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The Effects of Mindfulness on a Resilience Moderation
Get PDFThis study will examine how resilience effects the relationship between stress and burnout. Further, resilience will be moderated by a mindfulness intervention. The study will measure levels of stress, burnout, mindfulness, and resilience for all participants before and after a mindfulness intervention. There will be three groups, one that receives the mindfulness intervention, one that receives a stress invention, and a control group that will receive no intervention. Groups will be recruited from a Southeastern university. The results of this study will further explain the impact of mindfulness and resilience on burnout and stress on the job
The Relationship between Teamwork Knowledge and Teamwork Behavior
Get PDFMany organizations utilize a team-focused work structure in the workplace. Researchers have studied how working as a team can improve organizational outcomes such as productivity and employee satisfaction (Katzenbach & Smith, 1993). However, not all teams make positive outcomes (Hackman, 1998). Previous research has shown that effective teamwork can facilitate group and organizational effectiveness (Salas, Stagl, Burke, & Goodwin, 2007). Various models of teamwork process have been developed (Marks, Mathieu, & Zaccaro, 2001; Rousseau, Aube, & Savoie, 2006; Salas, Sims, & Burke, 2005). A meta-analysis found a consistent relationship between the ten dimensions of teamwork identified by Marks et al. (2001) and team performance (LePine, Piccolo, Jackson, Mathieu, & Saul, 2008). Previous research has shown that team members with high cognitive ability, certain personality characteristics, and job-related knowledge and skills may contribute to better performance (Devine & Philips, 2001; Mathieu & Schulze, 2006; Morgeson, Reider, & Campion, 2005; Neuman & Wright, 1999). Among those characteristics, having aggregate member knowledge of teamwork showed a positive relationship with team performance (McClough & Rogelberg, 2003), but the relationship between individual teamwork knowledge and individual teamwork behaviors has not been widely examined. In this study, the relationship between teamwork knowledge and teamwork behavior will be examined. Building on the main relationship, this study will also investigate the impact of persons in core roles within a team. Certain characteristics of core team members, whose position would not be easily replaced and could not be completed by any other teammates, are known to be more important for overall team performance (Humphrey, Morgeson, & Mannor, 2009). The following hypotheses will be examined: Hypothesis 1: At the individual level, teamwork knowledge is positively related to teamwork behavior at the individual level. Hypothesis 2: Teamwork knowledge (Teamwork SJT score) of the core member is positively related to teamwork behavior of the core role-holder. Hypothesis 3: At the team level, there will be a positive correlation between teamwork knowledge and teamwork. Hypothesis 4: There is a positive relationship between the core member’s teamwork knowledge and team-level teamwork. The study will utilize teams participating in high-fidelity simulations of airline operations. Analysis plans will be discussed
Adverse childhood experiences, resilience, and coping of foster parents
Get PDFFoster parents are people who are caregivers for children in foster care. Resilience is a trait that is developed by the exposure of stress, and adversity (Cicchetti & Garmezy, 1993). Some foster parents remain resilient and others do not. The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) has any impact on foster parents’ resilience, coping, satisfaction, and intent to continue fostering. This study included 114 current foster parents from across the United States. The study at hand found that 59.6% of foster parents experienced one ACEs or more, which is lower than the national average of 70% (Starecheski, 2015). Also there was a significant difference in resilience between foster parents who had ACEs and those who did not have ACEs, but there was no significance in coping, satisfaction, stress, challenges with fostering, intent to continue fostering, and perception of child behaviors. This appears to support the idea that experiences of personal trauma do not weaken a foster parent’s ability to be an adequate foster parent. These findings have implications for foster parents’ support and training to enhance their resilience, coping, parent stress, satisfaction, and perception of child behaviors
University student perceptions of body-worn cameras
Get PDFNumerous studies have examined university student perceptions of a plethora of criminal justice related topics. However, there has been no published research on university student perceptions of, or level of support for, the relatively new body-worn camera technology. Using data collected from sample of 244 students enrolled at a midsized southeastern university, this study examined the perceptions of body-worn cameras held by university students. Demographic and educational characteristics, as well as individual level experiences, were measured for to determine their relationship with student perceptions. Findings indicated that respondents held positive attitudes of body-worn cameras. Perceived inequality in the use of force and major emerged as significant predictors of the level of support for body-worn cameras
Parental care, offspring abandonment, and filial cannibalism
Get PDFParental care is a fundamental life-history trait that is found in many animals (reviewed in Royle et al. 2012). Parental care can include behaviors such as egg cleaning (Knouft et al. 2003), egg guarding (Royle et al. 2012, pg. 4), egg provisioning (Simmons & Parker 1989; Hilker & Meiners 2002; Royle et al. 2012, pg. 2), and oviposition-site selection (Refsnider & Janzen 2010). Such forms of parental care typically result in the spatial clumping of parents and their offspring. This often leads to density effects on within-clutch egg mortality, meaning that when within-clutch egg density increases, egg mortality also increases. These forms of parental care, and many others, commonly co-occur with other behaviors such as offspring abandonment (Lack 1954; Rettig 1978; Clark & Wilson 1981; Nuechterlein & Johnson 1981; Maple 2002) and filial cannibalism (i.e., the consumption of one’s offspring; Rohwer 1978; Hoelzer 1995; Payne et al. 2002; Klemme et al. 2006; Klug & Bonsall 2007). Offspring abandonment and filial cannibalism have typically been viewed as evolutionary conundrums that are contradictory to parental care (e.g., Klug & Bonsall 2007). To the best of our knowledge, the idea that offspring abandonment and filial cannibalism might themselves actually be forms of parental care, even in the absence of other more conventional care behaviors, has not been explicitly considered previously. In this study, we outline how abandonment and filial cannibalism might serve as forms of care, particularly during the early evolution of care when there are density effects on within-clutch egg mortality, and we then develop a mathematical model of offspring abandonment and filial cannibalism to determine whether these behaviors can function as forms of parental care and be selected for evolutionarily
Impact of engineered nanoparticles on the growth of roots
Get PDFThere is an increasing demand for food and bioenergy crops for growing world population. Conventional fertilizers used for increasing agricultural production are required to be added to the soil in high quantity and have a slow absorption rate in plants. In comparison engineered nanoparticles can be highly attractive as fertilizers as their small size will allow faster absorption. In particular, iron oxide-based nanoparticles will be highly promising as Fe-deficiency fertilizers because iron is required for photosynthesis in plants. We have synthesized iron oxide and hybrid iron oxide as nanoparticle fertilizers to study the significance on root growth of five different seeds: Pisum sativum L, Cicer arientinum, Vigna radiate, and Phaseolus vulgaris. We found iron oxide nanoparticles at low concentration (5.54x10-3 mgL-1 Fe) significantly increased root growth, compared to other growth solutions. This study will be highly useful for increasing agricultural production
The Examination of Inhibition in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Get PDFObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by intrusive, anxiety provoking obsessions and irresistible compulsions that are performed to relieve anxiety. It is theorized that a deficit in inhibition may play a role in obsessive-compulsive symptomology. Areas of cognitive functioning that are affected by inhibition deficits may lead to obsessions and intrusive thoughts, while behavioral inhibition deficits may lead to compulsions. In the current paper, inhibition is examined in individuals with OCD, how such a deficit affects attention, recall, and response control, and how this relates to the disorder’s symptoms. A better understanding of these relationships would help conceptualize core deficits in affected individuals and an understanding for treatments that target inhibitory deficits
Monoamine Oxidase in the Regulation of Biopsychological Factors: A Literature Review of the Correlates of Time Perspective, Sensation-Seeking, Boredom Proneness, and Affect
Get PDFThis literature review will explore relationships between several psychological factors, such as affect, time perspective, and boredom, with levels of relevant neurotransmitters, namely dopamine and serotonin. For instance, the neurological processes involved in affect could also influence sensation-seeking through changes in cognition and boredom. Additionally, a more negative mood resulting from decreased dopamine levels could result in short-term shifts in one’s time perspective. Monoamine oxidase plays a role in the regulation of neurotransmitter levels in the brain. Large amounts of this enzyme result in reduced levels of dopamine and serotonin. Understanding such relationships has the potential to propel further research in biopsychology and influence clinical and counseling methods used for people with harmful sensation-seeking addictions and other related disorders
Advanced threat hunting over software-defined networks in smart cities
Get PDFThe emergence of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has brought along a wave of new technologies and developments in the field of networking with hopes of dealing with network resources more efficiently and providing a foundation of programmability. SDN allows for both flexibility and adaptability by separating the control and data planes in a network environment by virtualizing network hardware. Threat hunting is a technique that allows for the detection of advanced network threats through forensic analysis. We present an advanced threat hunting model by combining the SDN infrastructure with threat hunting techniques and machine learning models aiming to intelligently handle advanced network threats such as lateral movement. We found that our approach outperforms current threat hunting models in vital areas such as the detection to mitigation time. Our results show that we are able to detect advanced threats with 93.4% accuracy and begin mitigation within 10 seconds of detection
Rates of executive dysfunction in undergraduate research participants
Get PDFIt is infrequently recognized that healthy individuals occasionally obtain impaired scores on neuropsychological measures. This research was conducted to determine how often healthy undergraduate research participants obtain impaired scores on popular measures of executive functioning. Specifically, performance on the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Trail Making and Color-Word Interference subtests was investigated in a sample of 335 undergraduate research participants. Rates of impaired performance varied across subtests and ranged from 11% (Color-Word Interference Word Reading) to 3% (Trail Making Test Motor Speed). In general, individuals with greater intellectual functioning had higher scores and fewer impaired scores. Findings are consistent with a broad literature describing the psychometric properties of neuropsychological measures. Researchers should recognize that it is relatively common to observe impaired scores in healthy research participants when interpreting research and clinical data