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Youth, Interrupted: Encouraging a Holistic Approach to Juvenile Incarceration Policy
Get PDFScientific research into the experience of juveniles in detention has recently had an impact on court rulings. In the cases of Roper v Simmons (2005), Graham v Florida (2010) and Miller v. Alabama (2012) judges used research in juvenile cognitive development to inform their rulings. Though current research covers different aspects of juvenile experience in the criminal justice system, few studies approach the subject holistically or examine the inherent symbiotic relationship between juvenile detention policy and juvenile incarceration. This literature review seeks to present information on and encourage further examination of this relationship. For the purposes of the review, the terms “youth,” “juvenile,” “adolescent/s,” “young people,” and “under age” all refer to people between the ages of 13 and 18
An Examination of Ethnic Subgroup Score Differences Between Different Types of Situational Judgement Tests
Get PDFSituational Judgement Tests (SJTs) are assessments which place the respondent in a situation where they are asked to select, rate, or respond with the best given answer for a given scenario. One current issue for the use of SJTs today is finding ways to reduce levels of ethnic subgroup differences in scores which can lead to adverse impact. The purpose of the current study is to examine the components of SJTs having potential in reducing ethnic subgroup differences in scores. While there is ample research suggesting there are differences in ethnic subgroup scores that can be found using different formats of SJTs (e.g., written, audio, and multimedia), more research is still needed. There is also ubiquitous support suggesting cognitive loading significantly leads to greater ethnic subgroup differences in SJT scores, but more research should be conducted to compare differences between SJTs analyzing either cognitive ability or interpersonal ability (e.g., teamwork facilitation), while additionally examining differences in scores between SJT formats. The first hypothesis involves examining score differences between two types of SJTs (one written and read normally, and one with an audio enhancement). The second hypothesis involves examining subgroup differences between SJTs assessing interpersonal ability and cognitive ability. The participants will consist of undergraduate psychology students and individuals from the Amazon Mechanical Turk (M-Turk). The study is a between-subjects design and cross-sectional, with participants placed randomly into one of two groups for the two different formats of SJTs. The measures will include three SJTs. One will assess interpersonal ability, and the other two will be used to assess cognitive ability. These three SJTs will be administered to every participant. The full questionnaire containing the three SJTs will be administered through Qualtrics and the SONA pool. The audio enhanced SJTs will be created using an external software program, and each audio-visual item will be uploaded or linked to Qualtrics for each item. Data will be analyzed using a t-test and analysis of variance
Autism Spectrum Disorder in the workplace: How does the timing of disclosure decisions affect selection ratings?
Get PDFDespite the increase of working adults with an ASD diagnosis in society (Burgess & Cimera, 2014; Hensel, 2017), research has not addressed whether disclosure of one’s ASD diagnosis results in differing decision-making outcomes as it relates to hiring and selection in the workplace. As more individuals with ASD enter the workforce, the need to know whether their diagnosis may serve as a limiting factor in this process will be a pressing concern of this population. The goal of this research aims to provide some initial insight as to when and how to disclose one\u27s diagnosis to not only ensure their protection through current ADA laws, but also to instill a sense of confidence in these individuals as they pursue careers in a working society. The present study will focus on the extent to which disclosure of an ASD diagnosis during the hiring process could impact the downstream employment decisions made by employers. The findings of this study could make a meaningful contribution to the research in ASD and more importantly it could provide guidance and best practices for those with an ASD diagnosis when they are seeking employment
Opportunities to explore Psychological Safety in the context of the Feedback Environment
No full textElizabeth Pears (Organization Practice Specialist with McKinsey & Co.) will provide a brief overview of existing feedback environment research and discuss gaps in the literature pertaining to psychological safety. Specifically, she will speak to the ways in which many organizations approach the assessment of both psychological safety and the feedback environment today. In this interactive discussion, opportunities to integrate feedback environment and psychological safety research and applied practices will be considered
Your email didn\u27t find me well: Employee perceptions of work and feeling safe during COVID-19
Get PDFThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused massive disruptions to work and threats to employee well-being. A recent study found that 69% of U.S. workers claimed that this pandemic has been the most stressful time of their entire professional career, including major events like the September 11 terror attacks and the 2008 Great Recession (Ginger, 2020). In this session, we will present preliminary findings from our current studies identifying the most critical job demands related to the pandemic among employees from four occupational groups: university employees, public sector employees, gym employees, and clergy. We will also review the growing body of literature related to employee safety during the pandemic and conclude with recommendations for supporting employee well-being during this stressful time
The Rhetoric of Natural History and Philip Henry Gosse
Get PDFThe objective of this thesis is to re-contextualize the genre of natural history writing along with rhetorical theory to delineate an argument for examining the rhetoric of natural history as a method for exploring the spatial, symbolic, and ecological relationships between collected specimens and their cultural, historical, and political moments in the greater canon of knowledge of the natural world. I am using a history of science approach to conduct interdisciplinary research of Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-century natural history as an early form of science writing in order to better understand how science is made and the conditions under which facts are constructed. By examining the rhetoric of the artificial systems created by naturalists to name and categorize nature, I will include a brief look at the ontology of racial identity in the North American South as a consequence of the application of these artificial systems to social theory
Let\u27s get physical: the dual-task costs of multiple motor responses
Get PDFDual-task costs occur when attention is divided among two or more concurrent tasks. Most dual-task studies involve paradigms where participants complete two, concurrent cognitive tasks; in these studies, performance on one or both tasks are slower and/or less accurate. The goal of this study was to examine whether dual-task costs would exist when participants completed a cognitive task while walking and whether those costs would be greater when the cognitive task required a motor-based response or when the task was more difficult. Twenty-two college students completed four blocks of a visual search task while walking. The difficult and the manual blocks were associated with the greatest accuracy costs, but performance was slower in both the difficult and the verbal modality blocks. These findings indicate that dual-task costs do occur, even when one of the tasks is walking, and that costs are greatest when the concurrent task is especially difficult
Living document: an exploration of “self” through lyric & hybrid forms
Get PDFIn the famously confessional field of creative nonfiction, the question of preserving one’s privacy is perhaps best explored by means of lyrical or hybrid essays; an explorative piece found at the intersection of poetic form and prose, between objective fact and creative presentation, which “sets off on an uncharted course through interlocking webs of idea, circumstance, and language - a pursuit with no foreknown conclusion, [and] an arrival that might still leave the writer questioning,” according to Noam Dorr. This pursuit without strict purpose allows for writers to dissect and discover the intricacies of seemingly straightforward topics: truth, memory, even selfhood, while still allowing for flexible definitions of Tim O’Brien’s so-called “story truth.” This work consists of three parts: a craft paper exploring Paula Carter, Durga Chew-Bose, Heidi Czerwiec and Brian Doyle’s approaches to balancing personal vulnerability with narrative discretion; a 40 page collection of my own flash pieces examining the transformative nature of place, performativity, etymology and Greco-Roman mythology; and a “commonplace book” compiled over the course of the writing, consisting of the project’s stylistic and thematic influences
Entre países
No full textThis collection of original poems deals with the unique experience of transnational family, particular to the international and interracial tensions of the years 2014-2020. The works focus on intimate portraits of life in the United States South, the Mexican South, and the relationship between. Love and loss feature prominently. Injustice is sewn throughout. Accompanying the original poems are a number of translations of Octavio Paz and Rosario Castellanos, as well as a craft essay detailing the process of creating this body of work
Empathy, perceived similarity, and online aggression
Get PDFAs social media usage continues to rise, the prevalence of non-traditionally famous online entertainers and other popular online personas (e.g., YouTubers and social media influencers) is increasing. Online practices such as video blogging and social media upkeep make it easier for viewers and fans to feel closer to the online personas they follow, regardless of whether any in-person social interaction ever takes place. Due to the increased amount of time adolescents and young adults spend on social media, it is clear that these online personas are becoming an important part of adolescents’ and young adults’ socialization. Furthermore, when online entertainers become the subject of controversy in the media, their fans and followers are quick to become involved. The present study examined if empathy and perceived similarity relate to empathic behaviors online. The study featured three real online influencers, one of whom was white, one Asian, and one Black. In a sample of 115 participants, I found that empathy significantly, negatively correlated with aggression for the two non-white influencers featured in our study. For the one white influencer, the more similar viewers felt toward her, the less aggression they felt toward her behaviors. Controlling for ethnicity of participants, participants indicated significantly higher levels of perceived similarity toward the white influencer, followed by the Asian influencer, and the Black influencer