IFE Brage (Institute for Energy Technology)
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Sustainable microalgae-based technology for biotransformation of benzalkonium chloride in oil and gas produced water: A laboratory-scale study
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Operating autonomous ships remotely from land-based operation centers: The current state-of-the-art
Get PDFCanted antiferromagnetism in high-purity NaFeF3 prepared by a novel wet-chemical synthesis method
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A calcium zirconate based combined material for calcium-copper chemical looping technology
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Estimation of Energy Demand in the Norwegian high-speed Passenger Ferry Sector Towards 2030
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Simulation of the response of a segmented high‑purity germanium detector for gamma emission tomography of nuclear fuel
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Temperature-Dependent Photochromic Performance of Yttrium Oxyhydride Thin Films
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Carbon-dioxide as annealing atmosphere to retain the electrical properties of indium-tin oxide
Get PDFIn practical applications of indium-tin-oxide (ITO) annealing at temperatures ~400 °C without degrading its electrical and optical properties is an important challenge. In the present work, commercial Indium-tin oxide (ITO) coated on glass was subjected to post-annealing treatment in the range of 200-400 °C at different annealing atmospheres; oxygen, nitrogen and carbon-dioxide. The annealed samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy and Hall measurements to evaluate the structural, optical and electrical properties. Both oxygen and nitrogen treated samples degrades the structural, optical and conducting properties of ITO, while carbon-dioxide atmosphere inhibits the degradation of ITO at 400 °C. The obtained results suggest that carbon-dioxide can be well utilized as annealing ambient to retain opto-electronic, structural and electrical properties of ITO and thereby improve the efficiency of ITO based solar cells.submittedVersio