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Review Essay: Reading China through Indian Eyes
No full textThe essay reviews four recent books written by two former diplomats which focus on India–China relations. The books under review are Vijay Gokhale’ Tiananmen Square: The Making of a Protests -A Diplomat Looks Back (2021), After Tiananmen: The Rise of China ;(2022) and The Long Game: How the Chinese Negotiate with India (2021) and Shyam Saran’s How China Sees India and the World: The Authoritative Account of the India China Relationship (2022). The books by Vijay Gokhale and Shyam Saran help in providing a nuanced understanding of the India–China relations. They do this by providing a detailed analysis of Chinese domestic politics as well as the historical backdrop of the bilateral relationship. The interplay of history and how that impacts the relationship today is also analyzed in depth. Their respective careers and experiences also help in enriching the discussion and provide a nuanced perspective and lens to understand the challenges and hurdles in the relationship
Tibetan and Himalayan Studies in India : state of the field and possible future trajectories
Get PDFTibetan Studies has not followed the same trajectory in India that it has taken in the Global North. It has largely remained an exilic endeavour, with some support from the Indian state, and flourishes mainly in the form of Buddhist Studies. We use the term Tibetan Studies more as shorthand for the scholarly study of Tibet’s history, politics, geography, religion and cultural traditions as they might have unfolded in various spaces within India and not as an identifying term for an existing field. In this paper, we show that the course of Tibetan Studies in India has been affected by geopolitical relations between India and China and the refugee status of Tibetans. Because Tibetan Studies in India has developed primarily within the exile Tibetan spaces there, an essentialised construction of a homogenous Tibetan identity prevails, precluding a more holistic approach to the study of Tibetic peoples of the Himalayan region. While presenting an overview of the state of the field of Tibetan Studies in India, we also outline a possible direction for an integrated Tibet and Himalayan Studies, applicable particularly in the Indian context, taking into account the changing empirical and geopolitical situation globally that necessitates a timely conceptual and practical intervention. It also considers the inclusive scope of Himalayan Studies to recover and restore long-overlooked historical and ethnographic material from the Tibetan borderlands, which include but are not limited to the Indian Himalayan or trans-Himalayan regions
The Role of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the AI-Driven Outsourcing Landscape
No full textThis chapter explores the role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the evolving AI-driven outsourcing landscape. As artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly transforms business models, SMEs face both challenges and opportunities in integrating AI into their outsourcing strategies. By leveraging AI technologies, SMEs can streamline operations, reduce costs, and enhance customer experiences, positioning themselves to compete globally. However, SMEs must address challenges such as limited resources, skills gaps, data privacy concerns, and the need for continuous innovation. Strategic approaches such as collaboration with AI providers, adopting scalable solutions, and focusing on workforce upskilling are essential for SMEs to succeed. The chapter also discusses the social, practical, and theoretical implications of AI in outsourcing, highlighting the potential for job displacement and the need for adaptive strategies. Ultimately, SMEs that effectively harness AI will thrive in a competitive, AI-driven outsourcing ecosyste
Meta-analysis of cryptocurrency adoption literature : an investigation of individual and contextual moderators
No full textThis paper synthesises the fragmented and conflicting findings of 29 quantitative studies on cryptocurrency adoption behaviour using a meta-analysis approach to generalise the hypothesised associations. Accordingly, the most significant antecedents of cryptocurrency adoption behaviour are perceived usefulness, ease of use, social influence, perceived behavioural control, attitude, trust and personal innovativeness. The moderator analysis confirms that the countries' cultural dimensions, economic development, and innovativeness level, impact conceptual relationships. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic increased the magnitude of association between perceived usefulness, perceived risk, perceived behavioural control and behavioural intention. This study is one of the initial meta-analyses on cryptocurrency literature, aimed to advance the literature by adding a comprehensive understanding of antecedents that influence behavioural intention to adopt cryptocurrencies. The results of these studies have implications for both the academicians and as well as for the practitioners interested in promoting cryptocurrency and theoretical underpinning for future researchers
Registering titles, burying bodies : cinematic opportunism and the political afterlife of violence in India
No full textBollywood’s reflexive rush to register movie titles after crises is a well-established pattern. The practice is so routine that when the COVID-19 pandemic hit, and India went into lockdown in early 2020, industry bodies like the Indian Motion Picture Producers’ Association (IMPPA) saw a flurry of activity with filmmakers clamoring to register movie titles referencing the coronavirus (Kokra, 2020). Proposed titles ranged from the punning Corona Pyaar Hai to the ominous Deadly Corona, all filed “in the hopes that [these titles] would pique the audience’s interest enough to bring them flocking to the theatre” once cinemas reopened (Kokra, 2020). This behavior, widely criticized as emotional exploitation, is not new. Bollywood has repeatedly been accused of capitalizing on national trauma. The most infamous instance came after the November 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks: mere days after 166 people were killed in the attacks, the Mumbai Chief Minister even escorted filmmaker Ram Gopal Varma through the ravaged Taj Mahal Hotel, prompting outrage at the seeming preparedness to dramatize the tragedy for screens (Ghoge & Mahajani, 2008). Each episode reinforces how swiftly Bollywood’s profit motive kicks in during moments of national mourning or triumph. A catchy title registered at the right moment can secure a producer’s monopoly over a hot narrative, essentially burying the bodies of victims beneath a spectacle of cinematic ambition
Experimental analysis of ethanol-diesel blends stabilised with jatropha methyl ester: Engine performance and emission characteristics
Get PDFThe growing environmental challenges and the rapid depletion of global fossil fuel reserves have driven the urgent need to explore alternative energy sources. In present work, an experimental investigation evaluated the stability of ethanol-diesel blends using jatropha methyl ester (JME) as a co-solvent, alongside engine performance and emissions at varying injection pressures and timings. Stability tests revealed that ethanol cannot blend with diesel without additives, requiring at least 4% JME for one-day stability, with E10B10D80 (10% ethanol, 10% JME, and 80% diesel by volume) blends remaining stable above 10°C. Optimal injection parameters were identified as 2.0 × 10⁷ Pa pressure and 17° before top dead centre (BTDC) under different loads. JME proved effective as an additive, though its cost was higher than diesel, suggesting its long-term viability as fossil fuel resources diminish. Fuel consumption increased due to ethanol's lower calorific value, while thermal efficiency improved at low loads but decreased near full load. Emission analysis indicated that carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were lower at loads above half but higher at lower loads compared to pure diesel. Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions consistently rose with the blend, while a reduction in the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions was observed at relatively lower load but increased near full load, showing no consistent trend. The study highlights the potential of JME as a biofuel additive, with its economic feasibility expected to improve as reliance on fossil fuels declines
Ban or balance? What India's Online Gaming Bill 2025 means for law, tax, and players
No full textOn 21 August 2025, the Indian Parliament passed the Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Bill, 2025 (the "Bill"). This groundbreaking Bill creates a clear regulatory divide: esports and online social/educational games are to be encouraged, whilst online money games, whether based on skill, chance or a mix of both, are to be banned outright. The timing of this is notably striking. This is because merely two years ago in October 2023, India changed its gaming tax regime, imposing a 28% Goods and Services Tax ("GST") on deposits and 30% tax on net winnings. These were seen as a way to legitimise and cash in on the online gaming boom, thus generating revenue for the government. The period that followed further saw the introduction of compliance mechanisms and recalibration of investor valuations. The Indian courts were also grappling with the "skill versus chance" classification issue, which had given legitimacy and legality to games like Rummy, fantasy sports, like Dream XI, and poker. Yet within two years, Parliament has gone from regulation to outright prohibition, something which has effectively dismantled the legal and commercial foundations of what was touted to be a highly lucrative industry
Global Dreams, Local Limits: Why Indian B-Schools Fail to Internationalise
Get PDFThe New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marked a pivotal shift in India’s pursuit of globalising its higher education landscape. It seeks to establish India as a global academic powerhouse via the entry of foreign universities, encouraging Indian schools to branch out abroad and, boosting international research collaborations and student mobility. The policy emphasises initiatives such as transdisciplinary education, course flexibility, and priority on research and innovation—all of which are essential components of global academic competitiveness. Regardless of the NEP's idealistic framework, the trajectory of internationalisation in Indian business and management institutions is sluggish
Education, Occupation and Food Sufficiency: A Study of Forest Dwelling Communities in the Jharkhand and Odisha States of India
No full textThe researchers aim to consider three vital issues such as education, occupation, and access to food (food sufficiency) for analysis on the basis of household surveys conducted among 15 forest-dwelling communities in two eastern Indian states, namely, Jharkhand and Odisha. The sample size included 598 households that distributed across 21 villages including nine villages in the four districts of Jharkhand and 12 villages in four districts of Odisha. The total sample size included approximately 60 PVTGs and 40 non-PVTGs, such as other scheduled tribes and traditional forest dwellers, selected from the same village or from other adjoining villages for the survey. Data were collected from the selected household samples via the questionnaire survey method. In addition, the qualitative data were also collected through observation, informal interviews and interaction, and focused group interviews. We used descriptive statistics for the analysis and also used Spearman’s correlation test to examine the nature of the relationships between different ordered or ranked variables, such as occupation, education and food access (sufficiency). Furthermore, we used ANOVA to compare more than two groups and determine the relationships between the groups. It was found that approximately one-third of the total households, mainly landless or with few or meager landholdings, faced food deficits during some months of the year. The degradation of forest resources and lack of access to forestland and agricultural land are among the primary reasons for food insufficiency. Households with forest-based occupations as their primary source of livelihood accounted for a greater proportion of households with food insufficiency than those who were primarily engaged in agriculture and other occupations. While engagement in daily wages is an adaptive mechanism, food security schemes and other social protection measures are important livelihood support systems, mainly for landless households and forest dwellers. This study emphasizes quality education and better land access to improve the livelihood of forest-dwelling communities