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Effect of Structured Exercise Program and Nutritional Counselling on Fitness in School Children
Get PDFPurpose: Childhood and adolescence are important stages of life, as many physical, biological and psychological changes take place during this stage. There are many contributing factors which plays important role during this growing and developmental stages. During these stages, modifiable factors including nutrition and physical fitness are crucial. In order to improve physical fitness, interventions should focus on physical activity, and improving the dietary intake of nutrients. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of nutritional counselling
and structured exercise regimen on fitness of elementary school children.
Methods: The study included sixty school-age children, ranging between 6-14 years of age who scored poorly on three of the five tests related to the physical fitness. The exclusion criteria consisted of children with recent ligamentous or muscular injury in previous four weeks and were medically instructed not to engage in any of the physical activity. Children were randomly assigned to Group A-structured exercise program (SEP), Group B-nutritional Counselling program (NCP) and Group C-SEP+NCP. Pre-and post-intervention the children were assessed for their fitness parameters like muscle strength, curl up test, flexibility, agility, and cardiovascular
endurance.
Results: It was observed that fitness of children improved in all groups following four weeks of intervention P<0.05, however the greatest improvements were observed following structured exercises and nutritional counselling (SEP+NCP).
Conclusion: There is a definite need to focus on healthy lifestyle in elementary school children which should include both structured exercise and nutritional counselling
The Illusion of Choice : re-imagining digital consent in India through a feminist lens
No full textThis paper examines the feminist critique of digital consent in India. The study focuses on how the conventional notion of consent fails to account for the nuanced realities of digital interactions, predominantly in the context of gendered power dynamics. The paper critically evaluates India’s emerging data protection framework, including the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act), and its ramifications for consent-based data practices. By employing feminist legal theory, the research unpacks the shortfalls of the ‘opt-in’ consent model in addressing structural inequalities and coercive digital architectures that disproportionately disrupt marginalised groups, particularly women. Through an analysis of case studies, including data breaches and gender-based online surveillance, the paper identifies systemic gaps in current regulatory approaches. It highlights how these gaps perpetuate harms such as surveillance capitalism, digital violence and the erosion of autonomy in online spaces. The findings reveal that prevailing legal mechanisms fail to address the sociocultural and economic contexts that shape women’s digital experiences, often reducing consent to a mere procedural formality. The paper concludes by advocating for a transformative approach to digital consent that integrates intersectional feminist principles. It proposes shifting from individualistic consent frameworks to collective and relational models of agency, highlighting accountability, equitable access and safeguarding vulnerable communities. This reimagining of digital consent has broader implications for global debates on data justice and human rights in the digital age. By contextualising the Indian experiences within the broader feminist critique of technology governance, the article contributes to a critical understanding of how law can better address gendered inequalities in digital ecosystem
The Consciousness Simulation Gap : evaluating and benchmarking AI models through functional decomposition
Get PDFThe relevance of the research is determined by the need to study the consciousness of neural networks and the possibility of developing artificial self-awareness. The aim of the article is to investigate the main functional elements of models of consciousness in artificial intelligence (AI). The study employed such methods as the Turing test, Context-driven Testing and analysis of generation models. F1-score, Accuracy, t-test were used for statistical analysis. The reliability of the selected methods was checked by Test-Retest Reliability. The results were obtained that demonstrate the key aspects of the functioning of artificial consciousness models. GPT-4 shows the highest accuracy (92%) and F1-score (0.91), but has difficulties with complex logic problems. AlphaZero has the lowest accuracy (85%) and has trouble understanding abstract concepts. IBM Watson shows medium performance, but does not recognize irony well. DeepMind’s Gato is 90% accurate and wrong on coreference problems. The resulting analysis showed that modern models, such as GPT-4, have a high level of development of perception and attention, which contributes to the effective processing of natural language. However, the question of true consciousness and self-awareness of AI remains open, requiring further research. Understanding the functional components of consciousness is important for the development of ethical norms in the field of AI. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the algorithms to grade up the cognitive functions of the models. Prospects for future research in neural network consciousness include an in-depth study of the mechanisms that provide true consciousness and self-awareness in artificial systems
Divided Media : politics and mediated movements in India
No full textThis book addresses the complex relationship between India’s evolving, emerging media landscape, the political and economic interests of diverse media actors, and movements opposing contentious issues such as market-based economic reforms and religious nationalism.
Through the complexities of mainstream news media and emerging digital culture in the eastern city of Kolkata, this book foregrounds regional and linguistic variations in the studies of media, movements, and politics in India. By focusing on popular movements against agricultural land acquisition in the state of West Bengal, in 2006 and 2007, and contemporary citizen-led activisms, this book captures the tension between mainstream media’s political and commercial logic, movements and digital activisms questioning dominant development and religious nationalist agenda, and the possibilities of political diversity and democratic participation. Situating the study in a multi-hybrid digital space that intimately integrates the old and new media, this book draws on critical, thematic analysis of newspaper coverage, digital qualitative studies of techno-commercial features such as hashtags and viral videos, and extensive interviews. This book proposes the theoretical concept of a hybrid partisan system, and argues that heterogeneity –– the complex, dynamic interaction of commercially-run media’s political alliances, the commercial logic, and hybrid professional norms –– remains consequential for movement visibilities, but contributes to deep ambiguities and commonalities in core issues such as industrialization in a developing economy.
This book would be relevant to scholars of journalism, political communication, media systems, and mediated activisms in communication studies, sociology, political science, and South Asian studies
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Employee Well-Being at the Workplace
No full textThe whole world is rushing towards Artificial Intelligence; it has revamped every dimension of our lives. Now, various companies are utilizing AI to improve employee well-being. This chapter is an attempt to understand the role of AI in enhancing employee well-being at the workplace. It examines AI-driven solutions for monitoring employee engagement, stress levels, and overall job satisfaction. AI-powered tools, such as mental health chatbots, predictive burnout models, and personalized wellness programs, contribute significantly to workplace efficiency and employee retention. However, the integration of AI into well-being initiatives also raises ethical concerns regarding data privacy, algorithmic bias, and employee trust. This study emphasizes the need for a human-centered approach that balances AI automation with personal interaction. By ensuring transparency, regulatory compliance, and ethical implementation, organizations can successfully leverage AI to foster a healthier, more engaged, and productive workforce
Weaponising Disqualification Another Tool in Modi’s Playbook
Get PDFOn August 20, 2025, the Indian Government introduced three constitutional amendment bills1) of massive implications in the Parliament (read Bill 1, Bill 2, and Bill 3 here). Together, the bills aim to replace the parliamentary tradition that the executive ministers are accountable solely to the House and establish a mandatory legal sanction providing that any minister – including the Prime Minister at the Union level and Chief Ministers at the State Governments – can be removed from their ministerial office if arrested or detained for thirty consecutive days on charges carrying a potential sentence of five years or more, regardless of whether they retain the House’s confidence. At first glance, the bills may seem laudatory, founded on the expectation of ethical standards for high constitutional office. Yet, one can clearly anticipate the gross impending misuse of this law towards establishing a hegemonic BJP rule in India, with the opposition governments regularly destabilized and targeted. These bills represent another instance of the Modi government’s use of perfectly legal and constitutional actions to advance authoritarian governance
Deploying explainable AI in entrepreneurial organizations : role of the human-AI interface
No full textThe current advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is the culmination of a prolonged effort to endow machines with human cognitive capabilities. Scholars and practitioners agree that AI has the potential to revolutionize decision-making in uncertain environments, with the potential role of AI in shaping entrepreneurial decision-making. Simultaneously, AI presents novel challenges, such as explainability, privacy, and data security, and may induce mistakes and ethical issues. As organizations and individuals expect AI decision-making processes to be transparent and understandable, the question of how entrepreneurial organizations adopt AI technologies remains unanswered. There is a lack of clarity on the implications of AI in the context of entrepreneurial organizations. To answer our research question, we conduct a qualitative study and use an interpretive research paradigm with an abductive approach to enrich the current understanding of the role of Explainable AI in shaping organizational processes and accomplishing organizational goals. The finding reveals that Explainable AI enables entrepreneurial organizations to align their decision-making. The role of the humanAI interface is crucial to leverage AI recommendations. We conclude with a discussion of future research on Explainable AI
The Union And The State Executive : constitutional tussles with states
Get PDFThe Indian Constitution reflects the idea of federalism with a strong unitary bias by establishing a delicate balance of authority between the Union and the States. The institution of the governor, which is intended to serve as the constitutional head of state and replicate the President’s function at the federal level, is at the centre of this structure. In reality, however, the governor has frequently turned into a hot spot in the struggle for power between the federal government and state governments. This tension is best illustrated by the recent disputes in Tamil Nadu and Punjab, which raise important issues regarding federalism, democratic governance, and the morality of the constitution
Human Rights, Legal Compliance, and the 2030 Agenda : a convergent approach
No full textWorld leaders adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development through the United Nations to show how global development should embrace inclusivity and equity together with justice. The path to this vision converges legal compliance with sustainable development goals (SDGs) and human rights at its base. This study highlights the developing requirement of combining efforts into a single approach which validates human rights as essential structures to reach sustainable development goals. The SDGs function as universal peace and prosperity guidelines yet need legal frameworks to achieve success because they protect dignity and equality together with access to justice. The document ends by supporting a rights-driven legally anchored development framework of global development because it enables compliance while empowering disadvantaged communities. According to the research such alignment between developments is vital for establishing societies which are resilient as well as just and sustainable
Preferred Oral Corrective Feedback Strategies: insights from pre-service teachers in a philippine state university
No full textThis study investigated the preferred oral corrective feedback (OCF) strategies of Filipino ESL preservice teachers at a Philippine State University. Grounded in Krashen's Input Hypothesis, it aimed to identify learners' preferences to improve language instruction. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving 192 preservice teachers from six academic majors—Mathematics, English, Science, Social Studies, Technology and Livelihood Education, and Elementary Education—enrolled in a Purposive Communication course. Data was gathered through surveys and interviews using a 6-point Likert scale, where 1 indicated strongly disagreement and 6 strongly agree. Quantitative analysis involved ANOVA to compare preferences across majors and T-tests to assess gender-based differences. Thematic analysis was applied to qualitative responses. The study identified the most preferred OCF strategy during oral examinations and examined whether preferences differed by academic major or gender. Results showed that private feedback was most preferred, with no statistically significant differences across majors or genders. These findings highlight the value of individualized feedback and may help educators and policymakers develop more learner-centered language teaching approaches. Previous research also emphasizes the influence of learners’ proficiency levels on feedback preferences, reinforcing the need to tailor corrective strategies to individual needs for more effective instruction