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Introduction
Get PDFThird World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) was born of a critique of international law, but also born of the inspiration that scholars found in re-interpreting the archive, listening to marginalized voices, and re-connecting with the ground-breaking work done by earlier generations of Third World lawyers, anti-colonial activists, and scholars in literature, economics, and other disciplines. All these histories are evident in this Handbook, as many of these essays trace the work of TWAIL scholars and practitioners on major topics and themes in international law. They suggest ways in which the works and concerns of TWAILers, and their intellectual, political, and practical contributions, illuminate the present, and provide valuable resources to dealing with contemporary problems and the struggle for a more just world order. This chapter also reflects on the politics and geographies of TWAIL scholarship and the task of decolonization, in all its multifarious forms, as complex and ongoing
Diagnosing entrepreneurial readiness among women in family businesses: The WFBER scale and its institutional implications
No full textPurpose: This study extends Srivastava’s earlier conceptual work on women’s entrepreneurial competencies in family business contexts by developing and validating the Women in Family Business Entrepreneurial Readiness (WFBER) scale. The study aims to diagnose skill and mindset gaps among women students and support higher education institutions in redesigning entrepreneurship programs for improved leadership outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: Following a multi-stage mixed-method design, 94 initial items were generated through literature synthesis and expert validation, refined to 67 through pilot testing, and finalized into a 51-item, seven-dimensional model after exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Findings: The seven dimensions—Family-driven factors, Society-driven factors, Individual-driven factors, Institutional-driven factors, Technology-driven factors, Education & learning orientation, and Entrepreneurial readiness & mindset—capture holistic readiness factors influencing women’s participation and leadership in family enterprises. Grouped interventions were developed under six actionable categories: Mentoring & networking, Skill-building/Workshops, Experiential learning/Practical exposure, Digital & technology enablement, Policy/Awareness/Ecosystem support, and Family/Community engagement. Practical implications: The WFBER scale offers a diagnostic and intervention-oriented framework for institutions to assess, analyze, and address readiness gaps, aligning program design with women’s entrepreneurial learning needs. Originality/value: This study bridges a significant gap by transforming conceptual insights into an empirically grounded, action-oriented tool that empowers both institutions and women learners toward equitable leadership in family business ecosystems
Santhara in Late Life: Approaching Death the Religious Way or a Form of Elder Abuse
No full textIn late life, care for oneself may become particularly challenging owing to financial dependency or the experience of debilitating illness and disabilities. State support for older persons in India is quite dismal. Both, the inadequacy of palliative care facilities and old age homes as well as the quality of care provided, are disconcerting. The family remains the primary source of care in late life. Yet, reports of elder abuse within families are not uncommon. In the light of the above, the contention that santhara, undertaken usually by older adults in some Jain families, is a form of suicide and those encouraging it within the family must be charged with abetment to suicide, prima facie, may appear like an important observation. Is eulogizing the practice of fast unto death (santhara) a form of denial of the fundamental rights of older persons, and does it constitute elder abuse? The chapter examines this question by revisiting the 2015 Rajasthan High Court judgment in Nikhil Soni which outlawed the practice and discusses the flawed grounds on which it rests. The debate around the right to dignified death has been a perpetual quandary for the Indian state. The state’s discomfiture regarding the implementation of a right to die as a constitutionally valid law is in contradiction to the Jains’ celebration of the rite of passage to death through santhara. The 2015 judgment was followed by protests by Shvetambar Jains (a sect among Jains) and ultimately led the Supreme Court to revoke the ban on santhara. This chapter attempts to understand the implication of intervention by the secular state into the age-old religious practice that threatens to weaken the promise of religious freedom. The findings are based on scriptural analysis provided by religious preachers and interviews with family members of those who have undertaken santhara. The chapter provides a socio-legal explanation of santhara and highlights the significance of the practice among Jains. Santhara is not considered as a tragic moment but rather is an act of bravery as is evident from the ecology of care sustained by the community throughout the santhara phase. My findings suggest that the routinised and methodical dimensions of the practice that is publicly validated thwarts the possibility of abuse of older kin. Thus, the cultural script of dying through santhara represents an alternate worldview which the (colonial) state law is unable to comprehend
Towards Sustainable Connectivity: India-EU Cooperation in Sustainable Development Goals
No full textIndia and the EU share the view that a connectivity strategy should be environmentally, economically, and socially sustainable and provide a common platform to trade, while complying with international standards and governance. The EU through its Connectivity Strategy is seeking to reshape the global dialogue by concentrating on sustainability, openness and building partnerships through collaborations. Similarly, India has also begun to prioritize connectivity as an instrument for achieving sustainable development. Therefore, cooperation in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is emerging as a promising area, thus strengthening their existing partnership. This chapter explores India-EU relations and looks at how connectivity via SDGs can pave the way for a stronger convergence in areas of education, climate change, and innovation. In the end, the study will discuss how the SDGs are of mutual interest to India and the EU, thus increasing dialogue and cooperation based on common interests
Supreme Court’s Zainul judgement evolves the standards of conviction under Unlawful Assembly
No full textBeyond Procedural Relief: The Case for Systemic Constitutional Review of India’s Anti-Conversion Laws
No full textBenchmarking in public procurement of PCs
Get PDFThis report delves into the existing public procurement landscape for PCs in India, analysing the prevailing specification-based evaluation systems set as a basis for procurement. It highlights potential avenues for reform and underscores the pressing need for a more performance-centric procurement framework
Income Tax Cuts and the Macroeconomy
No full textThe government’s proposal to reduce personal income taxes announced in the Union Budget 2025 has been met with approval by many commentators in mainstream press and policy circles. Some viewed it as a courageous move that would lead to significant macroeconomic expansion, while others saw it as a purely political move to shore up the ruling party’s weakening middle-class support. These cuts would have some effects on demand and output, and would no doubt lead to macroeconomic expansion. However, it would not have as much of an effect as an increase in government expenditure, since the multiplier effect in the case of tax cuts is always smaller than what could be achieved through increasing investment and/or government spending. Moreover, the government’s commitment to a fiscal deficit target means that slow rates of macroeconomic expansion would lead to lower-than-expected tax collections and further cuts in government spending, harming the growth momentum of the economy even more
Subscriber Writes: When law becomes a cage
No full textThe right to life and personal liberty is incorporated into the Constitution of India under Article 21 which forms the moral centre of Indian democracy. However, this provision has become a regular bone of contention between the state authority and citizens’ right to freedom
India’s marginalised students need support beyond quotas
No full textCaste-based reservation is back on India’s political landscape. Some national political parties are clamouring for quotas for students seeking entry to private colleges and universities.In April, when the Congress strongly backed quotas for students from socially and economically marginalised communities, there was little or no dispute among political parties over an issue that has been hanging fire for almost 10 years