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Transforming Psychological Jurisprudence: Beyond Passivity and Determinism
No full textThis article makes a case for the transformative integration of psychological jurisprudence and neuroscience by emphasizing the importance of psychological accounts that recognize human agency and belief in free will, provided they support justice, dignity, and responsibility. It highlighted the distinction between perspectives that essentialize human nature and those that appropriate agency as a continuous process. Rather than treating determinism and free will as mutually exclusive, the article argues for a compatibilist framework that balances both. Through a critical analysis of compatibilism, it advances a psychology of the self as an ongoing process, offering a critical response to neuroscientific determinism without reducing human agency to passivity
Variation of tree diversity, structure and composition in the different forest types of Eastern Himalaya, India
Full text linkDespite high biodiversity and endemism and decades of research, the tree diversity of the Eastern Himalaya remains poorly understood. To fulfill this gap, we examined the patterns of the alpha and beta diversity and tree community structure in the Darjeeling area of the Eastern Himalaya. We conducted primary vegetation sampling focused on the tree strata within 3 protected areas, including National Park (NP) and Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS) of the Darjeeling Himalaya, India. The study sites included Mahananda WLS, Neora Valley NP, and the lower and upper ranges of Singalila NP. A total of 32 sampling plots (each 200 m x 200 m) were established across these sites, within which 128 quadrats (20 m × 20 m) were laid out for detailed vegetation analysis. Within each quadrat, all trees with a girth at breast height (GBH) of ≥ 10 cm were measured and identified. We recorded a total of 2137 individuals belonging to 65 tree species, 47 genera and 31 families in our study. Out of all the recorded tree species, 5 species were found endemic to the Eastern Himalayan region, and 4 globally threatened as per the IUCN Red List. We observed the highest alpha and beta diversity in the temperate forests of lower Singalila NP. Tree basal area and the density were highest in the tropical moist deciduous forests of Mahananda WLS and the sub-alpine forests of upper Singalila NP, respectively. The study sites showed distinct tree community assemblages with high beta diversity determined by substitution components. We identified 27 indicator tree species (including 23 species from single sites) with significantly high Indicator Value (IndVal) across the different forest types of the Darjeeling Himalaya. We conclude that different forest types in the Darjeeling Himalaya support a high diversity and a unique assemblage of trees, including endemics. For efficient conservation of plant diversity in the Himalaya, there is an urgent need to create more protected areas
Tracking Innovation Ecosystem in India: A Snapshot of Survey Results from 2016-23
No full textThe book investigates the impact of recent policies and regulatory changes related to innovation on Indian organizations. The book keeps a sharp focus on tracking innovation-related public policy in India. Out of the three methods of looking into innovation (i.e., R&D expenditure, patents, and innovation survey), it adopts the innovation survey method. An innovation survey that traces innovation over almost a decade is a novel contribution of the book. Additionally, using quantitative and qualitative methods in the study makes it more dynamic and robust. The book helps to identify both the quantitative and qualitative trends and patterns of innovation in India. The book adopts the survey method to trace and identify the impact of changing policies and regulations related to innovation in India for almost a decade (i.e., 2016, 2020, and 2023). The book uniquely covers not only Indian manufacturing and non-manufacturing firms (i.e., micro, small, medium, and large) but also startups, HEIs, and R&D labs in its survey. The book is of interest to policymakers, academics, embassies, state-level government offices, researchers, and students
Beekeeping and tourism: a dual-conditions framework for regenerative tourism
No full textAlthough apitourism (tourism activities centred on beekeeping practices and pollinator-related landscapes) is increasingly recognised as a sustainable rural tourism niche, academic research remains fragmented and lacks a coherent theoretical framework capable of linking supply-side destination structures with demand-side visitor-oriented cues. The purpose of this study is to examine under what conditions apitourism is framed in the literature as having regenerative potential, by mapping co-occurrence patterns between destination structures and conscious-travel orientations. Specifically, it identifies where regenerative orientations are articulated and where they remain weak or absent across rural contexts.Using a combined qualitative-bibliometric design, this study integrates a Systematic Literature Review, descriptive bibliometric mapping and framework-guided qualitative coding of 41 peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2025. Building on Buhalis’s 6A model of destination competitiveness and Pollock’s 7P framework of conscious travel, the research develops and applies a Dual-Conditions Framework that conceptualises regeneration as an emergent property of the relational alignment between supply-side structures and demand-side consciousness.Findings suggest that the literature most frequently articulates regenerative potential through Attractions, Activities, Ancillary services and Awareness, while systemic integration remains partial, with accessibility, governance coordination and value-chain inclusivity discussed less consistently. Recurring intersections between destination structures and conscious-travel orientations are synthesised through six regenerative orientations (6R): Reciprocity, Regeneration, Reconnection, Responsibility, Resilience and Redistribution, used as a review-stage lens to interpret alignment narratives across the corpus.This study introduces the Dual-Conditions Framework, linking destination management and traveller behaviour within regenerative tourism theory. It advances understanding of how socio-ecological renewal may arise from the interplay between infrastructure and consciousness, positioning apitourism as a transferable analytical lens for regenerative potential and inclusive rural development
Stock Market Response to Economic Policy Uncertainty: Moderating Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic Sentiment
Full text linkThis study examines the dynamic relationship between Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) and stock market liquidity, with a particular focus on the moderating role of the COVID-19 pandemic sentiment. Using high-frequency stock market data from Brazil, India, and the USA, we employ wavelet coherence analysis to assess the co-movement between EPU and stock liquidity under varying pandemic sentiment levels derived from Google search volume intensity (SVI). Our findings reveal that heightened policy uncertainty exacerbates market illiquidity, particularly during periods of high pandemic sentiment. Additionally, we uncover a feedback loop where illiquidity often precedes EPU in the short term, while EPU occasionally drives illiquidity. Overall, the study’s insights underscore the critical role of market sentiment in shaping policy responses to financial crises
Understanding How Incentive Contracts and Non-financial Performance Measures Impact Cost Control
No full textThe study endeavours to ascertain whether, when incentivized, managers prefer cost prioritization (CP) over other choices, during times of external volatility (EV). The study probed the mechanism through which such CP choices are legitimized by the managers (agents) in the setting of an emerging market (EM). Primary data were collected through a questionnaire-based survey of 126 divisional managers who were the units of analysis for the study. The quantitative data were analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) method. The study found that non-financial performance measures (NFPMs) mediated the linkage between incentive contracting and managerial CP choice of the managers. It was also observed that during times of high EV, divisional managers, when incentivized, followed the CP agenda by legitimizing their operational choices, citing the firm’s non-financial performance indicators. The study makes three distinct contributions. First, the study establishes the role of incentive contracts (ICs) in shaping managerial choices. Second, the study contributes to the understanding of the mechanism through which managerial choices are legitimized. Finally, the mediating role of the NFPMs is confirmed
Shanmuga Hospital Limited: Strategic Funding for Modest Expansion
No full textOn June 14, 2024, Dr. Panneerselvam Palaniappan Shanmugam, the founder and managing director of Shanmuga Hospital Ltd. (Shanmuga Hospital), formally initiated the hospital's next steps toward expansion. Established in 1981 in Tamil Nadu, a southern state of India, Shanmuga Hospital became a reputed multi-specialty health care provider offering advanced medical treatments. In light of its tremendous growth, the hospital decided to expand its operations, needing ₹206.172 million for new infrastructure and medical equipment. At the time, the Indian stock market was booming and small and medium enterprise (SME) initial public offerings (IPOs) were at their peak. Being an SME, the hospital considered raising capital through an IPO on the SME platform. As the hospital navigated its funding strategy, it had to weigh the long-term implications of its route, such as ownership dilution, investor expectations, and financial sustainability. With these factors at play, the decision would shape the hospital's future and set a precedent for health care financing in the SME sector. During the board meeting, Dr. Shanmugam had to decide which financing option would best support the hospital's growth ambitions while maintaining financial sustainability and operational excellence
Application of machine learning/artificial intelligence and IoT in water resources modeling, management, and mitigation
No full textThe integration of machine learning (ML), artificial intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT) into water resource management has transformed conventional approaches and enabled intelligent, data-driven, and scalable solutions. These technologies leverage vast datasets, leading-edge computational models, and sensor networks to manage proactive water governance. AI and ML demonstrated exceptional capabilities in hydrological modeling, flood prediction, groundwater analysis, and forecasting water demand, while IoT-tied systems provide real-time monitoring of water quality, distribution efficiency, and leakage detection, allowing for remote infrastructure management. The blend of AI with IoT-generated data powers predictive analytics, pattern recognition, and adaptive decision-making, thereby enhancing the accuracy of flood and drought predictions and optimizing agriculture water use through smart irrigation systems based on real-time data inputs. Additionally, AI-based methods contribute to wastewater treatment and sustainable water recycling by increasing operational efficiency and management precision. However, such advances come with challenges that involve privacy concerns about data, demands on computation, fulfillment of regulatory requirements, and scalability of the infrastructure. Ethical considerations also arise regarding the equitable allocation of limited water resources. Addressing these challenges requires multidisciplinary collaboration and continued research to refine these technologies and ensure their integration into sustainable, efficient, and adaptive global water management frameworks
Opinion | Pakistan’s Anti-Terror Resolution And The Legal Limits Of Cross-Border Action
No full textThe unanimous adoption of a resolution by Pakistan’s National Assembly urging the government to combat terrorism “in an earnest manner" is politically significant. It reflects domestic consensus against militancy and signals institutional support for a stronger national security posture. The resolution’s emphasis on coordinated efforts across politics, diplomacy, armed forces, intelligence, law, and media also suggests a whole-of-government strategy. Yet, while such declarations carry weight within Pakistan’s internal political order, their relevance under international law is far more limited, particularly if interpreted as endorsing action beyond Pakistan’s borders
Unto the Unheavenly Exodus – Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 and the ‘Basic Structure’ Challenge
No full textThe Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 (CAA) has elicited great controversies and protests by excluding illegal migrants from the benefit of expedited citizenship naturalization in India on religious classification. While the CAA has been challenged as violative of the fundamental rights of equality and non-discrimination, scholarship has neglected situating and examining the legislation’s constitutional validity on the appraisal of the application of the basic structure doctrine. This article addresses that gap by examining whether the basic structure doctrine applies to ordinary legislation like the CAA. It argues that while its applicability is not straightforward, a doctrinal analysis reveals plausible violations of core constitutional principles, including secularism, equality, and the rule of law. The article concludes that if the basic structure doctrine is invoked by the Supreme Court of India to assess the CAA’s constitutional validity, there are compelling grounds to determine that it is unconstitutional, with significant implications for ongoing constitutional litigation