9782 research outputs found
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Integrating Emerging and Disruptive Technologies (EDTs) in the Indian Armed Forces
No full textThe nature of wars remains constant, while their character evolves as per the technologies of the respective times. The character of contemporary and future wars is primarily going to be an attribute of the military application of emerging and disruptive technologies (EDTs), achieved through seamless integration. The integration encompasses identifying and prioritising EDTs to enable a focused approach. Militaries ought to factor in a doctrinal rethink and an organisational revamp, condition the human resources and proceed in a graduated manner, which includes building upon the existing legacy system, till their phasing-out. Ultimately, a superior strategy, combined with the successful integration of technology into an organisational structure and doctrine, is what shall lead to success in warfare. This article covers the above-mentioned facets with respect to the Indian Armed Forces. The arguments in this article cover the contemporary and futuristic threat perception, to justify the doctrinal, structural, cognitive and strategic recommendations towards policy formulation
‘Echoes in the feed, silence in the soul’: a narrative synthesis of mental health, social media and loneliness in global university students
No full textThe paper explores the complex links between mental health, social media and loneliness among students. Empirical studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews focusing on university/college students aged 18–25 were included for the review. This paper highlights how problematic social media use paradoxically deepens loneliness and emotional distress. It emphasizes that simplistic or one-size-fits-all approaches are inadequate in a digital landscape marked by rapid technological innovation and diverse student backgrounds. It also revealed how cultural contexts influence the relationship between digital engagement and emotional well-being, highlighting the need for integrated frameworks that account for both individual and societal factors
Ecology by Classification The Aravalli Judgment and the Limits of Administrative Labels
Full text linkStretching over 670 kilometres from Gujarat to Delhi, the Aravalli Range is among the oldest mountain systems on the planet, predating even the Himalayas. For decades, the Aravallis have been treated less as an ecological system but more as a cache of exploitable land – mined, built over, and reshaped through regulatory permissions that prioritised economic use over environmental function. The Aravalli Hills have not declined merely through blatant violations of law, but through quiet acts of reclassification – through decisions about what qualifies as a hill, what is deemed “revenue land,” and what may therefore be mined, flattened, or sold. As the urban frontiers of Gurugram and Faridabad expanded outward, the Aravallis were simultaneously compressed inward, not by physical erasure but by administrative redefinition. Scientific research has long demonstrated that fragmentation of even low-lying ridge systems weakens groundwater recharge and ecological stability across the National Capital Region, yet these warnings were routinely overridden by land records designed for profiteering rather than ecology. This practice displays how seemingly neutral administrative classifications can undermine ecological integrity and while doing so, compromise the constitutional safeguard of environmental rights implicit in Article 21
Migration with Dignity or Statelessness by Design?: A Closer look at the curious case of Kiribati
Full text linkWith regions across the globe experiencing its effect in different forms, climate change has reached every nook and corner of the world. While some regions experience hotter summers, others witness unusually heavy rainfalls. However, the small developing island states (‘SIDS’) are exposed to one of the most ruthless impacts of climate change. With fast-rising sea levels, SIDS anticipate being rendered uninhabitable. In this regard, in 2014, Kiribati’s government had proposed the concept of “migration with dignity.” Over the years, this concept has been recognised as a moral and strategic response. The proposal included a proactive strategy of purchasing land abroad, notably in Fiji, to relocate Kiribati’s population while preserving national identity and autonomy. However, this approach is fraught with legal, economic, and political challenges. This blog post examines the concept of territorial integrity, contending that the Kiribatian approach to migration could lead to a threefold crisis. The authors note that this model could expose the fragility of international refugee law, the inadequacy of state recognition theory, and the geopolitical risks of shared sovereignty
CSFs in Cold Chain: A TISM and MICMAC Analysis
No full textCold chain structures today, especially post-COVID-19, must ensure that they can meet the ever-increasing requirements of customers while also ensuring the safety and quality of products for the end consumer. In order to improve cold chain performance, this study primarily analyses the critical success factors (CSFs). The total interpretive structural modelling technique was exercised to construct contextual links amongst the isolated elements and then categorized into various groups on the basis of driving force and dependence through the application of Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to a Classification (MICMAC). The Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) model emphasizes the significance of infrastructure, awareness and integration, which are the foundational factors leading to responsiveness and sustainability. MICMAC analysis established that to enhance the success of the digital cold chain, it is imperative that infrastructure, awareness, integration, traceability, safety and quality are enhanced. Enhancing these CSFs will bring about enhanced responsiveness and a sustainable digital cold chain. Decision-makers and strategists in the supply chain domain can focus on crucial factors leading to effective choices and maximize value for businesses. Although the field is still in its stage of evolution, the study aims to contribute to the expanding information on digitally-led cold network. This study is among the few to look at success elements that are essential to raising cold chain performance and establishes the framework for additional study in this area
Rewriting the rules: embedding enforceable human rights in FIFA’s host nation agreements
No full textThe FIFA World Cup 2022 in Qatar was marred by controversy. Unlike previous tournaments, these disagreements were not limited to referee decisions and calls made during the match. The tournament saw widespread human rights violations against migrant workers who had arrived in Qatar following FIFA’s announcement of Qatar hosting the FIFA World Cup in 2022. Despite the reforms introduced in Qatar, including abolition of the kafala system, the flaws in such reforms and the failures to enforce these reforms left workers exposed to wage theft, forced labor, and limited mobility. These abuses highlight the broader concerns about the accountability of international governing bodies like FIFA and their commitment to upholding all internationally recognized human rights under its Human Rights Policy, which was implemented in 2017. This paper critically examines the contractual leverage with FIFA under the Organizing Association Agreement (OAA). As per this contract, the leverage could have been utilized to compel the host nations to comply with the international labor standards and human rights obligations. The paper argues that FIFA had both the leverage and the precedent to enforce labour reforms but failed to exercise its authority under the agreement. By comparing the intervention of FIFA in the 2014 World Cup in Brazil to compel the nation to introduce reforms in its alcohol laws, the paper contends that FIFA’s selective application of such leverage prioritized the commercial benefits over the welfare of the workers. This paper adopts a doctrinal and comparative legal approach, combining analysis of international labour conventions, contractual instruments, and NGO reports with case studies of Qatar, Brazil, and Russia. This is done by examining the relevant international labor standards, including International Labour Organization (ILO) Conventions No. 29 (Forced Labour), No. 87 (Freedom of Association), and No. 98 (Collective Bargaining), as well as the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs). The analysis demonstrates how both state actors and non-state entities like FIFA bear responsibilities under international law for transnational labor abuses. Finally, the paper offers forward looking recommendations for significant reforms, advocating for binding human rights clauses in FIFA’s bidding and hosting agreement, abolishment of the kafala system, the establishment of independent oversight mechanisms, enforceable remedies for the workers, and structural changes to increase transparency and accountability in the process. By proposing such enforcement models, the paper shows the global sports institutions how to align their operations with their human rights obligations
Nepal and the Universal Periodic Review: Between Commitments and Consequences
Full text linkIn December 2025, Nepal presented its third cycle of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) before the United Nations Human Rights Council, projecting substantial compliance with the recommendations it accepted in 2022. The government highlighted progress in strengthening the National Human Rights Commission, advancing the criminalisation of torture, addressing discrimination and improving civil and birth registration systems. Yet this narrative has been sharply contested by civil society and human rights defenders, who point to persistent gaps between commitments and practice. As Nepal approaches its fourth cycle of the UPR review in January 2026, these tensions raise wider questions about performative compliance and the limits of international human rights accountability
The Resilience of Constitutional Courts and Their Resistance to Autocratization: Beyond Binaries, Where Time Matters
No full textThis article explores constitutional court (CC) resilience in a comparative perspective, across nine national jurisdictions and some transnational judiciaries, to help identify sources and approaches enhancing CC capacity to resist autocratization. It attempts to interpret the individual contributions to the special issue, pointing to a set of factors impacting CC resilience. Some articles highlight the essential role of structural conditions, while others rather emphasize the importance of institutional development and agency. The article then outlines avenues for further research of CC resilience, which should engage with new challenges, including renewing democracy through deliberation and trust-building
Critical Decisions, Interpersonal Communication, and Context: Insights Into Doctors’ Decision-Making Process in Cancer Care at a Government Hospital in India
No full textIn the treatment of cancer, doctors in resource-constrained settings are routinely required to make high-stake decisions under uncertain conditions along with rising burden of cancer, substantial patient load on doctors, and poor healthcare infrastructure that further complicate the decision process. However, very few studies examine the real-world decision process given the prevalence of such factors. Using the naturalistic decision-making framework, this study aimed to understand the critical decisions that doctors face in the treatment of cancer and how they take such decisions. Twenty-five doctors working in a government hospital in India were interviewed, and the data was subjected to thematic analysis. Three central concepts were identified: communicating the illness, different shades of paternalism during the treatment process, and the complexity of the decision process. The critical decisions that doctors faced were found to be treatment-related decisions, resource constraint decisions, and difficulties in communicating the illness. The study provides deep insights into how the doctors ‘tailor’ the decisions according to the unique contextual realities of individual patients. It further elucidates the intersecting nature of these contextual factors and how they influence the decision process. The study makes significant theoretical and practical implications, such as designing support systems and training programs that enhance decision-making in cancer care within resource-limited healthcare settings