Repositorio Digital Sernageomin
Not a member yet
15512 research outputs found
Sort by
Deslizamiento en talud artificial para obras de construcción del Relleno Sanitario Morrompulli, ruta T-60, comuna de Valdivia, Región de Los Ríos
Full text linkInforme Técnico -- Unidad Ejecutora: Dirección Regional de Los Ríos, Valdivia20 p
Is the Central Cordillera of Colombia a potential source of graphite? : Implications for the energy transition in Colombia
No full textWith the imperative to diversify energy matrices and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, nations are actively exploring alternative sources of energy. In that sense, graphite, due to its role in lithium batteries, emerges as a pivotal component in the global energy transition. Governments, recognizing the strategic significance of certain minerals, compile lists of critical minerals to achieve energy autonomy. However, in the recent update of Colombia’s critical mineral list, noteworthy minerals such as lithium and graphite were overlooked.Despite the widespread presence of graphite along the Central Cordillera of Colombia, potentially extending into the Real Cordillera in Ecuador, its importance has remained largely unnoticed for years. This manuscript underscores the critical need to comprehensively characterize graphite occurrences in the Andes of Colombia. The manifestations of graphite suggest its potential significance in the pursuit of cleaner energy sources. This study aims to draw attention to the overlooked role of graphite, urging a reevaluation of its inclusion in Colombia’s critical minerals list to enhance the nation’s strategic positioning in the global shift towards sustainable energy solutions.pp.413-42
Kinematic model of the 4D structural control and metallogeny of the Vetas-California auro-argentiferous district (Santander, Colombia)
No full text). The gold and silver deposits of the Vetas-California mining district are hosted in Paleozoic gneisses and Mesozoic granites of the Santander massif in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, far from the northern Andean volcanic arc. In the California area, there is ambiguity in defining the epithermal-type metallogenic model with high to intermediate sulfidation due to the presence of Late Triassic-Early Jurassic and Miocene magmatism. The best-known hydrothermal episodes comprise two early porphyritic-style phases: a) characterized by a propylitic alteration with molybdenite of the ~10.1 Ma-old La Mascota breccia, related to granodiorite porphyries and smaller-volume rhyodacitic dykes; and b) attributed to a magmatic-hydrothermal system due to phyllic alteration associated with quartz-pyrite veins with hydrothermal sericite dated at ~3.4 Ma. These two hydrothermal episodes were followed by four epithermal phases related to the development of multiphase hydrothermal breccias and quartz-alunite alteration, defined by bornite, covellite, and chalcopyrite, alongside wolframite, enargite, and sphalerite, with gold and silver mineralization between ~2.6 and ~ 1.6 Ma. To understand the relationship of the emplacement of the porphyries and the subsequent auro-argentiferous enrichments to the deformation front observed in the Pamplona buttress, to the east of the Santander Massif, a 4D structural model of the mineralization is formulated here. This model is based on the spatial analysis of the stresses responsible for the La Baja-Angostura dextral fault in terms of the regional kinematics of the Bucaramanga sinistral fault. It is considered that the SW sector of the deposit area corresponds to a well-defined, tabular, sub-vertical body of the La Mascota breccia. On the other hand, the NE sector in the La Baja-Angostura fault is expressed as a topographically elevated right horsetail splay, which controls the more disseminated distribution of the mineralization by means of veinlet swarms arranged in an ~E-W direction. The disseminated mineralization of Vetas-California was probably favored by late thermal expansion-contraction events in the gneissic sockets, which allowed the accumulation and precipitation of boiling solutions rich in volatiles and elements of economic interest.pp.484-51
Intertwining volcanoes and society in Chile through arts and interdisciplinary connections
No full textThe conceptual distance between nature and society has been a concern within social sciences and interdisciplinary debates. We contribute to this discussion illustrating how arts have played an important role in demonstrating the entanglement of Earth and society through their ability to frame and shape the dynamics of the Earth across sensations. Through an examination of artistic representations in Chile, we seek to show how the proximity of Chilean society to the presence of volcanoes has been eloquently conveyed through various artistic styles across different historical epochs. Our study extends from the birth of the Chilean nation in 1818 to the year 2021, and examines a wide range of artistic representations, that encompass national symbols, image-making techniques, sculpture, art installations, poetry, music, and audiovisual works. Our research represents a pioneering effort to explore the diverse representations of volcanoes in Chile and has uncovered a remarkable diversity of artistic expressions that reflects the deep connection between Chilean society and volcanic processes and landscapes. Ever-present and often breathtaking, volcanoes have served as enduring symbols of national identity and as sources of inspiration for artists of diverse disciplines and aesthetic sensibilities. We illustrate how the arts reveal the relationship between volcanoes and social life and provide the basis for a detailed analysis that explores the temporal and spatial contexts in the representation of volcanoes and the human perception of geological phenomena in Chilean culture.pp.271-29
Observaciones geológicas por evento meteorológicos de junio, comuna de Florida, región del Biobío
Full text linkInforme Técnico -- Unidad Ejecutora: Unidad de Peligros Geológicos y O.T., Santiago18 p
Tectono-stratigraphic and sedimentological analysis of the Early to Middle Devonian Floresta Formation : Insights from the Floresta Massif, Northern Andes, Colombia
No full textA comprehensive tectono-stratigraphic and sedimentological investigation of Early to Middle Devonian rocks was conducted in the southern Floresta Massif and adjacent regions in the Northern Andes of Colombia. A substantially reduced thickness of the Floresta Formation compared to prior studies is suggested here, attributable to pronounced stratal deformation and the prevalence of recumbent folds throughout the area. The deformation in the Floresta Formation manifests as atypical recumbent folds, diverging from the structural behavior observed in the underlying and overlying strata of the El Tibet and Cuche formations respectively, which exhibit minimal deformation. Our findings also reveal that the Floresta Formation accumulated under shallow-water platform conditions, subject to eustatic sea-level fluctuations. This resulted in distinct episodes of carbonate and siliciclastic deposition, with terrigenous sediments sourced from continental origins, potentially encompassing a combination of cratonic areas and uplifted blocks. The identification of a plausible stage of carbonate silicification signifies a post-diagenetic transformation. The sedimentary rocks of the Floresta Formation reached the upper epizone conditions, in proximity to the transition between the epizone and the upper anchizone, which suggests a maximum depth and temperature of ~5-7 km and ~300 °C, respectively. This contribution provides new insights into the geological history of the region, emphasizing the importance of scrutinizing Early to Middle Devonian rocks within the broader geological context of the Northern Andes.pp.169-19
Tectono-stratigraphic and sedimentological analysis of the Early to Middle Devonian Floresta Formation : Insights from the Floresta Massif, Northern Andes, Colombia
No full textA comprehensive tectono-stratigraphic and sedimentological investigation of Early to Middle Devonian rocks was conducted in the southern Floresta Massif and adjacent regions in the Northern Andes of Colombia. A substantially reduced thickness of the Floresta Formation compared to prior studies is suggested here, attributable to pronounced stratal deformation and the prevalence of recumbent folds throughout the area. The deformation in the Floresta Formation manifests as atypical recumbent folds, diverging from the structural behavior observed in the underlying and overlying strata of the El Tibet and Cuche formations respectively, which exhibit minimal deformation. Our findings also reveal that the Floresta Formation accumulated under shallow-water platform conditions, subject to eustatic sea-level fluctuations. This resulted in distinct episodes of carbonate and siliciclastic deposition, with terrigenous sediments sourced from continental origins, potentially encompassing a combination of cratonic areas and uplifted blocks. The identification of a plausible stage of carbonate silicification signifies a post-diagenetic transformation. The sedimentary rocks of the Floresta Formation reached the upper epizone conditions, in proximity to the transition between the epizone and the upper anchizone, which suggests a maximum depth and temperature of ~5-7 km and ~300 °C, respectively. This contribution provides new insights into the geological history of the region, emphasizing the importance of scrutinizing Early to Middle Devonian rocks within the broader geological context of the Northern Andes.pp.169-19
Grutas del Palacio and other related Upper Cretaceous continental deposits (SW Uruguay) : Main sedimentary features and evidence for an old flooded forest
No full textThe Grutas del Palacio is the sector where the Asencio Formation (Upper Cretaceous), which crops out discontinuously in SW Uruguay, is best displayed. The Asencio Formation consists of red terrigenous sediments modified by pedogenesis-lateritic processes. It is constituted from bottom to top by the members Yapeyú (lacustrine) and Palacio (palustrine). The Palacio Member is characterized by the presence of numerous oval-like caves, <2 m high, as well as several column-like structures made up of ferruginized pisolithic aggregates. These structures are encased within sparsely laminated whitish sand-rich mudstone horizons and covered by iron-rich siliceous sandstones. Several interpretations have been proposed for the column-like structures. In this article we suggest that the Asencio Formation was accumulated primarily because of lacustrine processes, under relatively stable tectonic conditions and a warm, seasonally humid climate. The column-like structures would represent the casts of rotting tree trunks, which were later infilled by sand and iron-rich materials. The upper parts of these structures were probably affected by water erosion related to recurrent floods.pp.296-32
Áreas expuestas ante la amenaza de remociones en masa tipo flujo en el sector Cantarrana, comuna de Malloa, región de O'Higgins
Full text linkInforme Técnico -- Unidad Ejecutora: Unidad de Peligros Geológicos y Ordenamiento Territorial33 p
The subaqueous felsic volcanism from the Upper Member of the Cordón de Lila Complex, Antofagasta region, northern Chile
No full textThis contribution presents the study of an Ordovician subaqueous felsic succession, formed by the ~400 m-thick Upper Member of the Cordón de Lila Complex (CISL), northern Chile. From bottom to top, the succession starts with two dacitic sills that intruded into the sediments of the lowermost part of the Upper Member. Then, it is followed by a thick sedimentary deposit, two rhyolitic lavas, a volcanoclastic felsic breccia with pyroclastic clasts, and ends with a red rhyolitic lava. The first rhyolitic lava shows centimetric to metric folds with a north-northwestern vergence, evidence of flow in that direction. In the volcanoclastic breccia, an abundant pumice-and-fiamme-rich green matrix wraps around lithic clasts, giving the rock an eutaxitic texture at the outcrop scale. This matrix and texture evidence is characteristic of hot pyroclastic flows deposited under subaqueous conditions. The described section of the breccia is formed by four coarsening-up sequences, reflecting respectively four pulses of building up energy. The lack of internal erosional features points to a single and continuous explosive eruption. An accidental granite clast in the upper part of the breccia suggests a connection with a granitic body, possibly the Pingo-Pingo monzogranite. The geochemical character of the felsic succession is calc-alkaline. The tectonic setting diagram shows a within-plate setting for the succession. This suggests a shift from the arc position inferred for the Lower Member of the CISL to a forearc continental setting for the Upper Member of the CISL.pp.547-55