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Top 5 elements on the photosphere ("surface") of the Sun : by mass
No full textThe front of the graphic includes a picture of the Sun, a histogram showing the abundance of the Top 5 elements, and an outline of the Periodic Table highlighting the location of those elements on the table. The back of the graphic features a biography of a scientist who studies the Sun and a short discussion written by the scientist
Artemis 3 EVA Opportunities on the Lunar Farside near Shackleton Crater
No full textA summit between Shackleton and Slater craters has an average solar illumination of 83%. The point, site 007 of [1] and NASA's Plan for Sustainable Lunar Exploration and Development, is on the farside of the Moon, beyond the south pole as seen from Earth (Fig. 1 & 2). Solar power at such sites may provide an important lunar surface resource if a distribution system can be developed. Adjacent to that point of illumination is a modest-size permanently shadowed region (PSR) in which water was detected from orbit [2]. Thus, the PSR may harbor icy regolith deposits, another resource, that may provide crew consumables, radiation shielding, and propellant
Winding down the Chicxulub impact: The transition between impact and normal marine sedimentation near ground zero
No full textThe upper suevite, Transitional Unit, and overlying green marlstone on the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact structure at Site M0077 appear to record a complete transition from resurge deposits into post-impact sediments. Several marine-target impact craters record similar successions but the Transitional Unit in Chicxulub appears most similar to the record in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure. This is likely because they are relatively large craters with target materials consisting of water saturated sedimentary rocks overlying crystalline basement. Other craters such as Lockne record a more gradual transition over tens of meters of deposits with tremendous variation depending on location within the crater. Thus, we find that the Transitional Unit at Site M0077 records the waning energy related to post-impact seismic and mass-wasting events and the tsunami and seiches these induced eventually giving way to normal marine Paleogene sedimentation. Such a sequence may be indicative of marine impacts
18th VEXAG Meeting 2020 (LPI Contrib. No. 2356)
No full textCovers current status of active Venus exploration: NASA, and mission updates, mission proposals and concepts, technology updates and current studies, and Venus science talks and VEXAG findingsConvener Noam Izenberg, Darby DyarPARTIAL CONTENTS: The Lower Layer of Venus' Clouds as a Giant Bioaccumulator / G. P. Slowik and P. Dabrowski -- Variations in the Peak Electron Density of the Venus Ionosphere: Some New Insights Using Akatsuki Radio Science Measurements / K. R. Tripathi, K. M. Ambili, R. K. Choudhary, T. Imamura, and H. Ando -- Solar Luminosity Through Time: Does it Determine Venus' Climate History? / M. J. Way -- Bioinspired Walking, Rolling, and Jumping Robot for Venus Exploration / A. D. Western and M. Hassanalian -- Local Variations in Venus Tesserae Identified by Backscatter Variations / J. L. Whitten and B. A. Campbell -- EnVision: Understanding Why Earth's Closest Neighbour is so Different / T. Widemann, R. C. Ghail, C. F. Wilson, D. V. Titov, W. S. Kiefer, B. Campbell, S. Hensley, / A. Le Gall, E. Marcq, J. Helbert, D. Breuer, A. C. Vandaele, L. Bruzzone, V. Ansan, / C. Dumoulin, P. Rosenblatt, G. Komatsu, and F. Bovolo -- Insights into Structure and Elastic Thickness of Ridge Belts on Venus / Z. W. Williams, P. K. Byrne, and J. A. Balcerski -- Evolution of Nightside Features from Deconvolved Akatsuki Image Sequences at 1.74, 2.26 and 2.32 μm / E. F. Young, S. Ali-Zade, K. M. Aye, M. A. Bullock, C. Cantrall, T. Satoh, / S. Vierrling, and C. W. Vun -- Venus Drill and Sample Delivery System / K. Zacny and J. Hall -- Utilization of Resources on the Moon / G. Z. Zhou, S. Z. Zirnov, and A. M. Mardon
Slope Map between Shackleton and de Gerlache Craters, Lunar South Pole
No full textThis map is based on data collected by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). The map shows slopes derived from the LOLA 10-m elevation product (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Smith et al., 2010; Smith et al., 2017). The slope is represented with four traditional colors 0° to 5° (light green), 5° to 10° (bright green), 10° to 15° (dark green), 15° to 20° (yellow), and >20° (red). The map covers the region between Shackleton and de Gerlache craters. Slope data are overlain on a derived hillshade with solar azimuth 45°W and solar elevation 45°.A product of the Exploration Science Summer Intern Program: Harish, Venkata Satya Kumar Animireddi, Natasha Barrett, Sarah Boazman, Aleksandra Gawronska, Cosette Gilmour, Samuel Halim, Kathryn McCanaan, Jahnavi Shah, and David Kring
Precise radiometric age establishes Yarrabubba, Western Australia, as Earth's oldest recognised meteorite impact structure
No full textThe ~70 km-diameter Yarrabubba impact structure in Western Australia is regarded as among Earth's oldest, but has hitherto lacked precise age constraints. Here we present U–Pb ages for impact-driven shock-recrystallised accessory minerals. Shock-recrystallised monazite yields a precise impact age of 2229 ± 5 Ma, coeval with shock-reset zircon. This result establishes Yarrabubba as the oldest recognised meteorite impact structure on Earth, extending the terrestrial cratering record back >200 million years.Timmons M. Erickson, Christopher L. Kirkland, Nicholas E. Timms, Aaron J. Cavosie & Thomas M. Daviso
Third International Planetary Caves Conference
No full textThe conference captures advances in the current state of the art in cave exploration and continues the exchange of knowledge and ideas between scientists and engineers for future cave missions.Institutional Support: Southwest Research Institute, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research AssociationConveners Charity Phillips-Lander, Southwest Research Institute, Ed Patrick, Southwest Research Institute ; Science Organizing Committee Penelope Boston, NASA Astrobiology Institute [and 8 others]PARTIAL CONTENTS: Mineralogical, Chemical, and Morphological Variations Among Analog Basaltic Lava Cave Speleothems / J. A. Ford, H. V. Kulkarni, A. Godet, J. Blank, and S. Datta -- Image and Lidar Dataset of the West Desert Sinkhole: An Analog for Steep-Walled Planetary Pits / J. S. Ford, P. J. Callaghan, U. Y. Wong, H. L. Jones, W. C. Whittaker, and W. L. Whittaker -- Detection of Subsurface Void in Pit Cluster Area by Using Gravity Analysis / I. S. Hong, YJ. Choi, H. K. Moon, and Y. Yi -- Classifying Levees at the Olympus Mons Using Machine Learning for Safe Spacecraft Deployment Site Identification / J. C. Johnson, P. A. Johnson, and A. A. Mardon -- Mirrors for Harnessing Solar Energy in Cave Exploration and Other Low-Light Settings / J. C. Johnson, P. A. Johnson, and A. A. Mardon -- Automated Design of Robotic Platform for Exploration of Planetary Caves, Pits, and Lava Tubes / H. Kalita and J. Thangavelautham -- Robotic Exploration of Planetary Caves, Pits, and Lava Tubes / H. Kalita and J. Thangavelautham -- Moon Diver: Journey into the Ancient Lavas of the Moon / L. Kerber and Moon Diver Team -- The Geologic Context of Major Lunar Mare Pits / L. Kerber, L. M. Jozwiak, J. Whitten, R. V. Wagner, and B. W. Denevi -- Biotic Influence on Speleothem Morphology / C. A. Lakrout, E. J. Goldfarb, T. R. R. Bontognali, and N. Tisato -- Ice-Rich Caves on the Moon and Mars: Prospects and Pragmatic Recommendations for Exploration / P. Lee -- Martian Caves as Special Region Candidates / J. Martin-Torres, M. P. Zorzano, A. Bhardwaj, L. Sam, and S. Singh
Apollo-Earth Day connection introduction
No full textThese images of Earth, captured by lunar explorers, showed our planet hanging in space as a singular home for all humanity
The isotopic composition of volatiles in the unique Bench Crater carbonaceous chondrite impactor found in the Apollo 12 regolith
No full textProjectiles striking the Moon have modified its crust and delivered volatile elements to its interior and surface. Direct evidence of impactor origins is recorded by the rare occurrence of sub-cm sized meteorite fragments identified in Apollo samples and lunar meteorites. The Bench Crater meteorite is a millimetre-sized carbonaceous chondrite collected in regolith on the rim of Bench impact crater at the Apollo 12 landing site. Transmission electron microscopy has previously shown that Bench Crater contains abundant hydrated silicates, establishing the survivability of hydrated material impacting the lunar surface. To provide further information on the volatile inventory of the Bench Crater meteorite, we report here the isotope compositions of hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon and oxygen. This is the first direct isotopic analysis of meteoritic material delivered to the lunar surface and provides context for volatile and organic element signatures in lunar regolith samples, and the survivability of volatile material delivered to planetary surfaces during impact bombardment.K.H.Joy, R.Tartèse, S.Messenger, M.E.Zolensky, Y.Marrocchi, D.R.Frank, D.A.Krin
Measuring Mars Atmospheric Winds from Orbit
No full textWind is the process that connects Mars' climate system. Measurements of Mars atmospheric winds from orbit would dramatically advance our understanding of Mars and help prepare for human exploration of the Red Planet. Multiple instrument candidates are in development and will be ready for flight in the next decade. We urge the Decadal Survey to make these measurements a priority for 2023-2032.Scott Guzewich (NASA GSFC, [email protected], 301-286-1542), J.B. Abshire (NASA GSFC), M.M. Baker (Smithsonian Institution), J.M. Battalio (Yale University), T. Bertrand (NASA ARC), A.J. Brown (Plancius Research), A. Colaprete (NASA ARC), A.M. Cook (NASA ARC), D.R. Cremons (NASA GSFC), M.M. Crismani (NASA GSFC), A.I. Dave (NASA ARC), M. Day (UCLA), M.-C. Desjean (CNES), M. Elrod (NASA GSFC), L. K. Fenton (SETI Institute), J. Fisher (U. Wollongong, Australia), L.L. Gordley (GATS, Inc.), P. O. Hayne (U. Colorado Boulder), N.G. Heavens (Space Science Institute), J.L. Hollingsworth (NASA ARC), D. Jha (MVJCE, India), V. Jha (NASA ARC), M.A. Kahre (NASA ARC), A.SJ. Khayat (NASA GSFC), A.M. Kling (NASA ARC), S.R. Lewis (Open University, UK), B.T. Marshall (GATS, Inc.), G. Martinez (USRA/LPI), L. Montabone (Space Science Institute), M.A. Mischna (JPL/Caltech), C.E. Newman (Aeolis Research), A. Pankine (Space Science Institute), H. Riris (NASA GSFC), J. Shirley (JPL/Caltech), M.D. Smith (NASA GSFC), A. Spiga (LMD, France), X. Sun (NASA GSFC), L.K. Tamppari (JPL/Caltech), R.M.B. Young (NSSTC/UAEU), D. Viudez-Moreiras (CSIC-INTA, Spain), G.L. Villaneuva (NASA GSFC), M.J. Wolff (Space Science Institute), R. J. Wilson (NASA ARC