1773 research outputs found
Sort by
Human Exploration of Mars 2022
No full textThis workshop will discuss the highest priority science objectives for a first human mission to Mars and then develop several different possible concepts of operation that will enable that science.Convener: Debra Needham, NASA Science Mission Directorate, Paul Niles, NASA Johnson Space Cente
Alteration history of Séítah formation rocks inferred by PIXL x-ray fluorescence, x-ray diffraction, and multispectral imaging on Mars
No full textHere, we demonstrate that diffracted and fluoresced x-rays detected by the PIXL instrument (an x-ray fluorescence microscope on the Perseverance rover) provide information about the presence or absence of coherent crystalline domains in various minerals. X-ray analysis and multispectral imaging of rocks from the Séítah formation on the floor of Jezero crater shows that they were emplaced as coarsely crystalline igneous phases. Olivine grains were then partially dissolved and filled by finely crystalline or amorphous secondary silicate, carbonate, sulfate, and chloride/oxychlorine minerals.Michael M. Tice, Joel A. Hurowitz, Abigail C. Allwood, Michael W. M. Jones, Brendan J. Orenstein, Scott Davidoff, Austin P. Wright, David A.K. Pedersen, Jesper Henneke, Nicholas J. Tosca, Kelsey R. Moore, Benton C. Clark, Scott M. McLennan, David T. Flannery, Andrew Steele, Adrian J. Brown, Maria-Paz Zorzano, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, Yang Liu, Scott J. VanBommel, Mariek E. Schmidt, Tanya V. Kizovski, Allan H. Treiman, Lauren O’Neil, Alberto G. Fairén,, David L. Shuster, Sanjeev Gupta, The PIXL Tea
American Association for the Advancement of Science
No full textThe formation of the largest and most ancient lunar impact basin, South Pole–Aitken (SPA), was a defining event in the Moon's evolution. Using numerical simulations, we show that widespread mantle heating from the SPA impact can catalyze the formation of the long-lived nearside-farside lunar asymmetry in incompatible elements and surface volcanic deposits, which has remained unexplained since its discovery in the Apollo era.Matt J. Jones, Alexander J. Evans, Brandon C. Johnson, Matthew B. Weller, Jeffrey C. Andrews-Hanna, Sonia M. Tikoo, James T. Kean
Cryogeomorphic characterization of shadowed regions in the Artemis exploration zone
No full textIn the next couple of years a large number of robotic missions and payloads will be delivered to the Moon, ultimately culminating in crewed missions. Those missions aim at characterizing lunar polar volatiles, which are concentrated in regions of permanent shadow. However, the small-scale surface properties of shadowed regions remain largely unknown. The lack of knowledge poses a potential risk to future ground-based missions that seek to enter shadowed regions. Here, we use a machine learning-driven algorithm to remove noise from previously largely unusable satellite images of shadowed regions. We use those de-noised images to study the surface properties of 44 small, shadowed regions in the Artemis exploration zone close to the lunar south pole for the first time, identifying potential hazards, and recommending sites for future exploration missions. We freely release our images along with a detailed catalog of the shadowed regions studied.V. T. Bickel, B. Moseley, E. Hauber, M. Shirley, J.-P. Williams, and D. A. Krin
The power of paired proximity science observations: Co-located data from SHERLOC and PIXL on Mars
No full textWe present a synthesis of PIXL elemental data and SHERLOC Raman spectra collected on two targets investigated by the Perseverance rover during the first year of its exploration of Jezero Crater, Mars. The Bellegarde target (in the Máaz formation) and Dourbes target (in the Séítah formation) exhibit distinctive mineralogies that are an ideal case study for in situ analysis by SHERLOC and PIXL. Each instrument alone produces valuable data about the chemistry and spatial distribution of mineral phases at the sub-millimeter scale. However, combining data from both instruments provides a more robust interpretation that overcomes the limitations of either instrument, for example: 1) Detection of correlated calcium and sulfur in Bellegarde by PIXL is corroborated by the co-located detection of calcium sulfate by SHERLOC. 2) Detection of sodium and chlorine in Dourbes is consistent with either chloride or oxychlorine salts, but SHERLOC does not detect perchlorate or chlorate. 3) A Raman peak at 1120 cm−1 in Dourbes could be sulfate or pyroxene, but elemental abundances from PIXL at that location are a better match to pyroxene. This study emphasizes the importance of analyzing co-located data from both instruments together, to obtain a more complete picture of sub-millimeter-scale mineralogy measured in situ in Jezero crater, Mars, by the Perseverance rover.Joseph Razzell Hollis, Kelsey R. Moore, Sunanda Sharma, Luther Beegle, John P. Grotzinger, Abigail Allwood, William Abbey, Rohit Bhartia, Adrian J. Brown, Benton Clark, Edward Cloutis, Andrea Corpolongo, Jesper Henneke, Keyron Hickman-Lewis,j, Joel A. Hurowitz, Michael W.M. Jones, Yang Liu, Jesús Martinez-Frías, Ashley Murphy, David A.K. Pedersen, Svetlana Shkolyar, Sandra Siljeström, Andrew Steele, Mike Tice, Alan Treiman, Kyle Uckert, Scott VanBommel, Anastasia Yanchilin
Sulfur and Carbon Isotopes of Chicxulub Samples
No full textSulfur and carbon isotope analyses of Chicxulub samples described in an article published in the journal Astrobiology
The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer, MEDA. A Suite of Environmental Sensors for the Mars 2020 Mission
Full text linkThe MEDA package and its scientific purpose are described in this document as well as how it responded to the calibration tests and how it helps prepare for the human exploration of Mars. A comparison is also presented to previous environmental monitoring payloads landed on Mars on the Viking, Pathfinder, Phoenix, MSL, and InSight spacecraft.Abstract -- Introduction -- Air Temperature Sensor (ATS) -- Pressure Sensor (PS) -- Humidity Sensor (HS) -- Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) -- Wind Sensor (WS) -- Radiation and Dust Sensor (RDS) -- Conclusions -- List of Acronyms
5th Planetary Data and PSIDA 2021 (LPI Contrib. No. 2549)
No full textTopics include the status of planetary data and accessibility, updates on mission archives and tools, informatics applications, data analytics technologies and capabilities, and new processing and visualization tools.Convener Trent Hare, Tom SteinPARTIAL CONTENTS: Migrating the Cassini RADAR Archive to PDS4 / P. E. Geissler -- In the Footsteps of the First: Apollo 14 Spatiotemporal Map / N. R. Gonzales, J. A. Schulte, and M. S. Robinson -- Functional Programming for Dummies: The Data Flow Perspective / B. Grieger -- Cloud Processing of PDS Archival Products with Amazon Web Services, Kubernetes, and Elasticsearch / K. M. Grimes, R. Verma, J. M. McAuley, T. Soliman, A. Natha, and Z. M. Taylor -- Migration of Magellan Mission from the PDS3 to the PDS4 Standard / E. A. Guinness, D. V. Politte, and S. Slavney -- Standards Proposal for 2021 to Support Planetary Coordinate Reference Systems for Open Geospatial Web Services / T. M. Hare and J-C. Malapert -- Building a Lunar Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) / T. M. Hare, B. J. Thomson, L. R. Gaddis, J. Stopar, B. A. Archinal, / J. R. Laura, and MAPSIT Steering Committee -- Access to Planet High Spatial and Temporal Resolution Earth Observation Imagery via the NASA Commercial Smallsat Data Acquisition (CSDA) Program / T. N. Harrison and J. Mascaro -- The Rosetta Science Archive: Preparing for Legacy Science / D. J. Heather, M. G. G. Taylor, S. Besse, I. Barbarisi, A. Montero, / R. Docasal, and B. Grieger -- Atmospheres Data: Galileo, Mariner, Juno Migration / L. F. Huber, T. Güth, J. Emmett, N. Chanover, and L. D. V. Neakrase -- The State of the PDS4 Information Model / J. S. Hughes, J. H. Padams, R. S. Joyner, M. S. Bentley, T. Lim, and T. G. Loubrieu -- AstroLink Roadmap for the Preservation, Digitization, and Service of Historically Significant Materials / M. A. Hunter and A. E. Zink -- Migration to the Cloud: Lessons Learned from the Project "Development and Operation of the Astromaterials Data System" / P. Ji, K. Lehnert, D. Stern, J. D. Figueroa, L. Profeta, J. Mays, A. Johansson, and L. Song
BAS: Modern Brines 2021 (LPI Contrib. No. 2614)
No full textIn this topical conference we will explore the environments where brines may presently exist, their biologic potential, and their role in ongoing and active planetary processes. We hope to address questions such as: Where are brines presently available on planetary bodies and what are their physiochemical properties? How do brines interact with and alter their environment in observable ways? Can brines support life or foster prebiotic conditions?Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo's Planetary Habitability LaboratoryConvener, Edgard G. Rivera-Valentín (lead) USRA/Lunar and Planetary Institute, Sean O'Hara, USRA/Lunar and Planetary InstitutePARTIAL CONTENTS: Formation of (Meta)Stable Brines on Present-Day Mars: Implications for Habitability / E. G. Rivera-Valentín, V. F. Chevrier, A. Soto, and G. Martínez -- Special Regions Based Habitat Suitability Index Model for Brine Environments on Mars / E. G. Rivera-Valentín, A. Méndez, K. L. Lynch, and A. Soto -- Raman Spectroscopy: Quantitative Analyses of Modern Brines on Mars / A. J. Rodriguez, M. E. Elwood Madden, and D. P. Mason -- Bacterial Survival and Growth in Dense Brines, Deliquescent Liquids, and Crystal Fluid Inclusions / M. A. Schneegurt, H. Z. Zbeeb, R. M. Cesur, Md. Joad, H. H. Zayed, I. M. Ansari, A. Mahdi, / T. M. Luhring, F. Chen, and B. C. Clark -- Initial Results Suggest that Short-Lived Flows Mobilized by Brines, Immediately Following an Impact, Formed Curvilinear Gullies, Lobate Deposits and Pitted Terrain on Vesta and Ceres / J. E. C. Scully, S. R. Baker, M. J. Poston, E. M. Carey, J. C. Castillo-Rogez, / and C. A. Raymond -- Brines Reacting with Rock: How Brine Composition Affects Hydrogen Generation During Serpentinization / S. Sevgen, A. Suttle, and S. M. Som -- Gamma-CaSO4 with Abnormally High Stability from Hyperarid Region on Earth and from Mars / E. B. Shi -- Soils Increase the Stability of Magnesium Perchlorate Brines on Mars / A. O. Shumway, D. C. Catling, and J. D. Toner -- Alteration of Common Regolith Analogues and Precipitation Products from Rapidly Dehydrated / Ferric Sulfate Saturated Brines in the Presence and Absence of NaCl — A Story of Amorphous Mars / E. C. Sklute, A. E. Geist, B. Koretke, J. F. King, R. J. Hopkins, A. D. Rogers, / R. Clark, and M. D. Dyar -- Experimental Investigation of the Near-Surface Martian Water Cycle with a Salty Regolith: Implications for Brine Formation / R. A. Slank, E. G. Rivera-Valentín, and V. F. Chevrier -- Agar Gelation Spectrophotometric Assay of Chao- and Kosmo-Tropicity of Inorganic Salts, and Implications for Life in Terrestrial and Martian Brines / S. M. Smith and S. R. Poulson -- Searching for Life in Salts: Freezing/Geochemical Modeling to Investigate Stability and Microbial Habitability of Modern Martian Brines / S. M. Smith and S. R. Poulson -- Stability of Surficial Brines on Mars During Recent Orbital Cycles / A. Soto, E. G. Rivera-Valentín, and V. Chevrier -- Perchlorate and Chloride Brines as the Cause of the MARSIS Bright Basal Reflections: Laboratory Measurements / D. E. Stillman, E. Pettinelli, K. M. Primm, G. Caprarelli, E. Mattei, S. E. Lauro, and B. Cosciott
Topographic map of Triton from shape-from-shading information.
No full textTopographic map of Triton from shape-from-shading information. Care should be used in interpreting these data as long-wavelength information has been suppressed. Description in and citation when using data: Schenk et al., (2021) Triton: Topography and Geology of a Probable Ocean World with Comparison to Pluto and Charon, Remote Sensing, 13, 3476-3490. Contact the author for further descriptio