University of the Sunshine Coast
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Multifunctional perennial production systems for bioenergy: performance and progress
No full textNo abstract available
Essential Derivation, Law and the Limits of Science
No full textIntellectual Property and Agriculture addresses the important but largely neglected question of intellectual property’s relationship to the production, processing, marketing, and circulation of agricultural inputs, products, and practices. Together with an original introduction this comprehensive two-volume set brings together scholars from law, history, anthropology, science and technology studies, economics, and plant science who write on plants and plant genetic resources, late twentieth century international intellectual property agreements, and geographical indications of origin. [Book Synopsis]First published: Jay Sanderson, ‘Essential Derivation, Law and the Limits of Science’, Law in Context: Patent Law and Biological Inventions, 24 (1), December, 34–53</a
An Efficient Authentication Scheme for Intra-vehicular Controller Area Network
No full textCommunication in modern cars is managed by a controller area network (CAN) bus protocol and its extensions for electronic control units (ECUs). The CAN bus is a preferred method for reliable real-time broadcast communication. However, unprotected CAN communications make the vehicles vulnerable to a variety of practical malicious wired/wireless attacks. In this work, we analyze the existing frame-level authentication protocol and identify weaknesses and limitations. To address this, we provide a protocol suite for entity authentication, key management, a secure message flow for remote transmission request frames and session key update to be applied for vehicle connection with external devices. We prove the security of our protocol in the random oracle model and assess its resistance against known attacks. We formally verify the security of our protocol using the Tamarin tool. Our simulation results indicate that our protocol improves efficiency
The 2020 International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria for the Diagnosis of Scabies
No full textBackground:
Scabies is a common parasitic skin condition that causes considerable morbidity globally. Clinical and epidemiological research for scabies has been limited by a lack of standardization of diagnostic methods.
Objectives:
To develop consensus criteria for the diagnosis of common scabies that could be implemented in a variety of settings.
Methods:
Consensus diagnostic criteria were developed through a Delphi study with international experts. Detailed recommendations were collected from the expert panel to define the criteria features and guide their implementation. These comments were then combined with a comprehensive review of the available literature and the opinion of an expanded group of international experts to develop detailed, evidence‐based definitions and diagnostic methods.
Results:
The 2020 International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) Consensus Criteria for the Diagnosis of Scabies include three levels of diagnostic certainty and eight subcategories. Confirmed scabies (level A) requires direct visualization of the mite or its products. Clinical scabies (level B) and suspected scabies (level C) rely on clinical assessment of signs and symptoms. Evidence‐based, consensus methods for microscopy, visualization and clinical symptoms and signs were developed, along with a media library.
Conclusions:
The 2020 IACS Criteria represent a pragmatic yet robust set of diagnostic features and methods. The criteria may be implemented in a range of research, public health and clinical settings by selecting the appropriate diagnostic levels and subcategories. These criteria may provide greater consistency and standardization for scabies diagnosis. Validation studies, development of training materials and development of survey methods are now required
Liver Transplantation for Alcoholic Liver Disease: Absence of Evidence for the Relevance of Abstinence
No full textNo abstract available
Patient experiences and the psychosocial benefits of group aquatic exercise to reduce symptoms of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: a pilot study
No full textBackground: The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of participants in a short aquatic exercise programme for individuals with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and to gain insight into the perceived psychosocial benefits. Methods: The exercise programme was of five-weeks duration, with two self-paced aquatic sessions per week. Eleven female participants (mean age 54.8 ± 12.4 yr) reported the onset and changes (24–48 h) in post-exercise fatigue, pain and other symptoms after each session, and completed a post-intervention interview comprising nine open-ended questions, with additional discussions. The reported symptoms and interview responses were entered into a spreadsheet, grouped and coded to identify the themes and subthemes. Results: The main themes were ‘symptoms’, ‘benefits’, ‘engagement and compliance’, and ‘limitations’. The analysis found that group aquatic exercises reduced social isolation through shared experiences and enhanced support; were beneficial and enjoyable without exacerbating symptoms; were preferable to other modes of exercise; and were seen as a long-term exercise option. Participants reported a reduction in pain, fatigue and anxiety after the intervention. Conclusions: Psychosocial benefits suggest that self-paced group aquatic exercise is a safe, enjoyable and effective mode of exercise rehabilitation for people with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Pivot to pandemic: how advertisers are using (and abusing) the coronavirus to sell
No full textNo abstract available
Assessing Protective Cylinders for Chaplet-Based Culture of the Winged Pearl Oyster Pteria penguin
No full textThis study assessed the use of novel, locally made, protective culture cylinders as a means of improving pearl oyster Pteria penguin performance and standardizing culture methods used by mabé pearl farmers in Tonga. Cylinders were constructed from locally sourced wire mesh, for a cost of USD 12.1 each and were used to protect oysters grown on chaplets. Growth and survival of two age cohorts of oysters—“young” (0.7-y-old and 33.1 ± 0.7-mm dorsoventral height (DVH)) and “old” (2.7-y-old and 86.9 ± 0.8 mm DVH)—cultured using this system were determined every 3–5 wk over an 11-mo period. The DVH of “young” oysters increased by 74.6 mm, wet weight (WW) by 161.2 g, and shell thickness (ST) by 23.4 mm, whereas for “old” oysters, DVH, WW, and ST increased by 55.2 mm, 271.4 g, and 14.7 mm, respectively, over the same period. “Young” oysters held in culture cylinders reached the starting size of the “old” oyster cohort within seven months of growth and at less than half their age (1.2 and 2.7 y old, respectively). “Young” oysters held in culture cylinders also showed a 3-fold greater monthly growth rate than oysters cultured in trays (6.8 and 2.1 mm month–1, respectively). Survival of oysters in culture cylinders over the 11-mo culture period was 91.7% and 97.6% for “young” and “old” oysters, respectively, compared with 25% for oysters cultured in trays. The use of protective cylinders for P. penguin culture increases oyster survival and reduces the culture period required for P. penguin to reach minimum pearl production size by >50% relative to the current tray-based culture method, supporting improved mabé pearl farm profitability
Sea-level playing fields: an exploration of the histories of beach soccer and its practices within one specific context, the Australian beach
No full textFootball, or soccer, is a simple game. It requires very little in the way of practical resources. Markers for a goal, a ball-shaped object. This simplicity enables the sport to be undertaken almost anywhere. Yet the beach is one place the game requires a substantial rethink in approach and participation. The best players do not necessarily make the best beach soccer players. For many Australians, the coastal edge of their continent is more than a key location for leisure and pleasure. The beach is an integral part of their culture, a symbol of their egalitarian nature, with a history of iconic sporting competitions, including the Sydney 2000 Olympics beach volleyball. Where beach soccer draws on notions of literal and figurative level-playing fields, this paper examines histories, practices, and myths and offers the first academic insight and discussion of Australian beach soccer
