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Links Between Emotion Word, Usage, Understanding, Accuracy, and Emotion Dysregulation: An Integrative Analysis
No full textPeople vary in the precision with which they experience and report on their emotions, known as emotional granularity, and this precision predicts their ability to regulate their emotions. It is not yet known, however, whether links between emotional granularity and emotion regulation are due to variation in knowledge of emotion words—specifically, individuals’ reported usage, understanding, and ability to accurately define emotion words. In the present report, we combined data from six studies to address this gap in the literature using an integrative data analysis. Participants across the studies reported on how often they used and how well they understood a list of precise emotion words, and were tested on whether they could correctly pick a definition for each. They also completed questionnaire measures of self-reported emotional granularity (differentiation) and emotion dysregulation. Emotion word accuracy and understanding were highly correlated, so individual models were tested each separately to predict emotion dysregulation. In the model including usage and understanding, we observed a main effect of understanding, such that participants with greater self-reported understanding of emotion words reported less difficulty regulating their emotions. Similar effects were found for the model including usage and accuracy, such that individuals with higher emotion word accuracy had less difficulty regulating their emotions. Critically, these findings held when accounting for self-reported granularity (differentiation), suggesting that measures of emotion word knowledge have value for predicting emotion regulatory outcomes. Future work should examine whether individuals’ emotion word knowledge is also linked to mental health outcomes
Cardiovascular Findings in Klippel-Feil Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Get PDFKlippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a congenital disease defined by an abnormal fusion between cervical vertebrae. Due to the rarity of the disorder, its prevalence, along with its pathogenesis and associated conditions, remains to be clearly defined. The aim of this review is to summarize the findings of all case reports of KFS in PubMed over the last 10 years that describe cardiovascular disease, defects, or abnormalities. A total of 43 articles containing 46 reports were included from the 157 case reports considered. Cases were reviewed for commonality in biological sex and vertebral fusion and level using the Samartzis classification system to determine what association, if any, exists with the cardiovascular findings analyzed. A total of 72% of cases reported one or more findings consistent with congenital heart disease. Using the Samartzis classification system, type III KFS was the most common fusion profile overall in this subset of patients. The heterogeneity of disease manifestations makes the treatment and management of KFS case-dependent, though current guidelines highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary care team for pediatric patients. Our findings support this notion and provide evidence for the inclusion of a care provider who specializes in cardiovascular medicine in patients of all ages, as well as the consideration of additional diagnostic screening exams for cardiovascular abnormalities. Future studies into the embryological origin of KFS and a more robust search for a genetic marker are needed to better understand the development of the disease and its various associated conditions
Bilateral Tensor Fascia Suralis Muscles and Unilateral Accessory Biceps Femoris Muscle: A Cadaveric Case Study
Get PDFPurpose This study reports the findings of bilateral tensor fascia suralis muscles (TFS) and a unilateral accessory muscle belly of the biceps femoris (AMBF) in a 72-year-old female.
Case report The findings were initially identified during educational dissection of the lower extremities by medical students. The AMBF and bilateral TFS were further dissected to identify their origins and insertions. The left TFS (length, 22.83±0.05 cm; width, 6.24±0.14 mm) originated from the biceps femoris long head muscle (BFLH) and inserted onto the crural fascia overlying the lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle. The right TFS (length, 114.89 ±0.62 mm; width, 9.82±0.11 mm) originated from the BFLH and inserted onto the crural fascia overlying the medial head of gastrocnemius muscle. The length of the crural fascia insertion was 76.26±3.00 mm (left) and 127.69±1.41 mm (right). An AMBF was present in the left lower limb, originating from the greater trochanter and inserting on the distal end of the BFLH. The common peroneal nerve passed deep to the AMBF, 20.3 cm inferior to the inferior border of the piriformis.
Conclusion This data characterizes a novel finding of bilateral TFS muscles with a unilateral AMBF
Pneumonia and Anemia in Rural Midwestern Missouri: A Retrospective Analysis
Get PDFIntroduction: Pneumonia and anemia are prevalent medical conditions with significant implications on patient health, resulting in numerous hospitalizations and deaths. Various studies have been done on the mortality rates of pneumonia and anemia individually. However, fewer describe the mortality of patients diagnosed with pneumonia superimposed on anemia.
Methods: This retrospective study used data from electronic medical records obtained from rural Midwestern Missouri, including 9,879 patients who were admitted with either anemia or pneumonia. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.
Results: The study found that patients with pneumonia had a higher mortality rate of 25.8% when diagnosed with comorbid anemia compared to the baseline group of patients with pneumonia without anemia at 14%.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates higher mortality in patients with both pneumonia and anemia than either pneumonia without anemia or anemia without pneumonia
A Clinical Suspicion of Quetiapine-Induced Psychosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Get PDFQuetiapine, a pharmacological agent within the class of atypical antipsychotics, is characterized by its efficacy in mood stabilization and its role in the modulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways. Its therapeutic utility is broad, encompassing the management of acute psychotic episodes, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and treatment-resistant depressive states. Quetiapine\u27s effectiveness extends to depressive disorders that do not exhibit classic psychotic features, with a side effect profile that is less burdensome than many alternative psychotropic medications. Its versatility in addressing a range of psychiatric conditions is useful in the psychopharmacological management of mood and thought disorders. However, like all drugs, quetiapine may have different effects relative to the individual. It is imperative to approach the administration of quetiapine carefully, ensuring any adverse effects are ameliorated for beneficial therapeutic outcomes. In this case report, we present a psychosis-naive 42-year-old male who developed psychotic symptoms after beginning a quetiapine regimen in order to manage major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation. Clinical suspicion of quetiapine-induced psychosis was a diagnosis considered due to symptom remission secondary to ziprasidone in the place of quetiapine. The determination of a suspected adverse drug reaction can utilize the Naranjo scale to demonstrate the likelihood of an adverse drug reaction. This patient scored a three on the Naranjo scale, indicating a possible adverse effect from quetiapine. Other potential etiologies of psychosis include medication-induced psychosis, major depressive disorder exacerbation, cocaine use/withdrawal, and brief psychotic disorder. Quetiapine-induced psychosis has not been described in the current literature, and therefore, this case report is solely based on clinical evaluation and is intended for educational purposes due to possible confounding factors and etiologies
Exploring the Effects of Coronary Artery Disease as a Preexisting Comorbidity on Mortality in Hospitalized Septic Patients: A Retrospective Observation Study
Get PDFBackground: Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate, and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis outcomes. Septic patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis outcomes. By identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression, we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care costs. Chronic comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse outcomes. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common comorbidity, especially in the elderly, and a leading cause of death globally. We wished to investigate the influence of CAD as a comorbidity on sepsis and hypothesized that preexisting CAD would increase mortality in hospitalized septic patients.
Methods: We conducted retrospective observational study using patient data from Freeman Health System in Joplin, MO. We analyzed patient records from Freeman Health System database from January 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020. Septic patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision sepsis codes. To identify septic patients with preexisting CAD, we used International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes for CAD. We compared mortality rates for septic patients with and without CAD.
Results: Two-sample proportion test was conducted to test the difference in mortality between septic patients with and without preexisting CAD. The difference in mortality for the total population was −0.016 (P = 0.553). In the male and female subgroups, the differences in mortality were 0.0122 (P = 0.739) and −0.0511 (P = 0.208), respectively. The differences in mortality in patients aged 40 to 64 years and 65 years and older were −0.0077 (P = 0.870) and 0.0007 (P = 0.983), respectively. The statistical tests failed to find significant differences when comparing septic patients with and without preexisting CAD. There was no significant difference in the age and sex subgroups.
Conclusion: Our study showed that CAD alone was not associated with higher mortality due to sepsis in our population
Dermatologic Data From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and the PatientsLikeMe Online Support Community: Comparative Analysis
Get PDFThe Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study aims to characterize the worldwide prevalence and morbidity of major diseases, while PatientsLikeMe (PLM) is an online community providing patient-generated insights into lived experiences; for dermatologic conditions, quantitative comparisons of GBD and PLM data revealed expected demographic differences but also notable correlations, highlighting their potential as complementary data sources elucidating unmet patient needs and priorities
scaRNA20 Promotes Pseudouridylatory Modification of Small Nuclear snRNA U12 and Improves Cardiomyogenesis
No full textNon-coding RNAs, particularly small Cajal-body associated RNAs (scaRNAs), play a significant role in spliceosomal RNA modifications. While their involvement in ischemic myocardium regeneration is known, their role in cardiac development is unexplored. We investigated scaRNA20\u27s role in iPSC differentiation into cardiomyocytes (iCMCs) via overexpression and knockdown assays. We measured scaRNA20-OE-iCMCs and scaRNA20-KD-iCMCs contractility using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), comparing them to control iCMCs. We explored scaRNA20\u27s impact on alternative splicing via pseudouridylation (Ψ) of snRNA U12, analyzing its functional consequences in cardiac differentiation. scaRNA20-OE-iPSC differentiation increased beating colonies, upregulated cardiac-specific genes, activated TP53 and STAT3, and preserved contractility under hypoxia. Conversely, scaRNA20-KD-iCMCs exhibited poor differentiation and contractility. STAT3 inhibition in scaRNA20-OE-iPSCs hindered cardiac differentiation. RNA immunoprecipitation revealed increased Ψ at the 28th uridine of U12 RNA in scaRNA20-OE iCMCs. U12-KD iCMCs had reduced cardiac differentiation, which improved upon U12 RNA introduction. In summary, scaRNA20-OE in iPSCs enhances cardiomyogenesis, preserves iCMC function under hypoxia, and may have implications for ischemic myocardium regeneration
Unraveling the Puzzle: A Case of Intricate Neurological Presentation Attributable to Hypomagnesemia
Get PDFHypomagnesemia can occasionally present with severe neurological deficiencies, and it is usually attributed to an underlying renal and/or gastrointestinal pathology. Rarely, patients may present with neurological symptoms in the absence of an obvious cause. Our case highlights the importance of considering hypomagnesemia as a primary cause of those presenting with severe neurological deficits in an intensive care unit setting, as well as the significance of conducting a thorough social and medical history on these patients to elucidate their underlying causes. We discuss the case of a 48-year-old Caucasian male who acutely presented with seizures, tremors, visual hallucinations, diplopia, personality changes, and ataxia with recurring severely low magnesium (0.4 mg/dL) at times in the absence of renal, gastrointestinal, hormonal, infectious, or autoimmune pathology
Allen Test
No full textThe Allen test is a screening technique that assesses collateral blood flow in the hands by evaluating the patency of the ulnar and radial arteries and the presence of a complete palmar arch. This clinical procedure is typically conducted to prepare for procedures that may potentially disrupt the vascular supply through the radial or ulnar arteries. Such procedures include arterial puncture, cannulation, and artery harvesting for forearm flaps or bypass grafting.
A negative Allen test suggests inadequate dual blood supply to the hand, warranting further pre-procedural evaluation. This may also contraindicate the planned procedure due to the increased risk of hand ischemia and arterial thrombosis. This activity reviews the relevant hand vascular anatomy, indications for performing the Allen test, technical steps, and the role of the interprofessional healthcare team in utilizing this maneuver to improve patient outcomes