DigitalCommons@KCU (Kansas City Univ.)
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Identifying Assistive Technology Design Opportunities for Living with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
No full textIncorporating functionality into a design outcome without empathically understanding the needs of the end user may lead to underused, misused, and/or abandoned assistive devices. This pilot analysis utilized an interdisciplinary team of designers, engineers, and clinicians to holistically explore the lived experiences of users with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and determine their ever-changing needs regarding usable design opportunities. Thirteen individuals were interviewed in this study, consisting of individuals with ALS, caregivers, and clinicians. Persona-based qualitative analyses were used to evaluate semi-structured interviews and determine potential areas for design opportunities. Personas were developed individually for individuals with ALS and caregivers and through a consensus for clinicians. Photographs from the homes of participants with ALS were also evaluated to help develop potential design opportunities. Four key principles emerged: (1) maintaining normalcy, (2) maintaining independence, (3) efficient time-management spent focusing on ALS (timing), and (4) increasing dignity of the individual with ALS. Using these principles, the research team proposes the need for comfortable chairs (normalcy), automated bedding (independence), instructional mobile applications (timing), and covert voice amplifiers (dignity). Future developers of assistive technology may benefit from developing these technologies alongside individuals with ALS to ensure enhanced usability and adoption
Optimizing Frontline Therapy for Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Mini-review of PET-directed Chemotherapy, Brentuximab-based Regimens, and Checkpoint Inhibitor Combinations
Get PDFClassical Hodgkin lymphoma is a highly curable malignancy, but long-term treatment-related toxicities remain a challenge, especially in young survivors. In recent years, treatment has shifted from traditional doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine regimens to novel approaches such as positron emission tomography-guided therapy, brentuximab vedotin-doxorubicin, vinblastine, dacarbazine (AVD), and checkpoint inhibitor combinations such as nivolumab (Nivo)-AVD. This review evaluates these three frontline strategies in terms of efficacy, toxicity, and their potential to personalize treatment and minimize late complications. Drawing from trials such as ECHELON-1, NIVAHL, SWOG S1826, and BREACH, we analyze current evidence, evaluate conflicting data, and propose considerations for tailoring therapy to patient subgroups
Strategies to Enhance Clinical Teaching and Learning in Undergraduate Nursing Education: A Scoping Review
Get PDFBackground
Nursing education comprises theory and practice as two complementary parts. Nursing is a practice-based profession, and students are expected to be practically competent in rendering quality care to the deserving population. Clinical training allows nursing students to gain the practical skills required in the nursing profession. In addition to the practical skills, clinical education helps students to learn skills such as problem-solving, decision-making and critical thinking. However, evidence exists that students cannot acquire clinical competence due to multiple factors. These factors are related to students, the clinical environment, and the nurse/faculty. There is a need to identify strategies to enhance clinical teaching and learning in undergraduate nursing education. Therefore, this scoping review aims to identify evidence-based strategies to support clinical teaching and learning in undergraduate nursing education.
Methods
A scoping review method underpinned by Peters et al. (2020) framework was employed. A search string developed from the title of the review was used to search online databases to identify peer-reviewed articles published between January 2011 and September 2023.
Results
Forty studies were included in the review, most originating from the United States. Seven themes were identified: scaffolding the curriculum, transformative teaching and learning approaches, integrating simulation-based education, dedicated education units for clinical placement, applying technology in clinical education, developing interprofessional teamwork and collaboration, and integrating inter-country clinical experience.
Conclusion
The current scoping review has unveiled strategies relevant to nursing students’ clinical teaching and learning. These strategies could guide curriculum developers, programme organisers, nursing teachers, nursing students, and clinical instructors at clinical learning sites in restructuring clinical teaching and learning in undergraduate nursing education to improve clinical education outcomes
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate With Hip Arthroscopy in a Heterogenous Group of Patients May Result in Improved Patient-Reported Outcomes: A Systematic Review
No full textIntroduction: There is little literature reporting on the efficacy of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) in conjunction with hip arthroscopy.
Purpose: We sought to systematically review the literature on BMAC use following hip arthroscopy, in particular, whether its use results in improved patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).
Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed when querying PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus in January 2023. Articles were included if they reported on pre- and postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing hip arthroscopy with concomitant BMAC and were written in English.
Results: Five articles were included in the review. A total of 252 hips undergoing BMAC and hip arthroscopy performed between 2010 and 2020 were evaluated. The average age of patients in the studies ranged between 32.8 and 48.5 years. All studies reported improved postoperative PROM scores compared to preoperative outcome scores after BMAC and hip arthroscopy. Two studies reported survivorship of 100% and 85.7%. All 5 studies conducted a subanalysis between BMAC and hip arthroscopy and a control group. Three studies reported superior outcomes in the BMAC and hip arthroscopy group, while another study reported findings that trended toward favoring the BMAC and hip arthroscopy group but that did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion: BMAC may improve outcomes in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy. However, due to the small sample size and lack of standardized control groups, the results of this systematic review are inconclusive
Telogen Effluvium and Anesthesia Considerations: A Case Report
Get PDFTelogen effluvium is a form of non-scarring hair loss characterized by premature shedding of hair. Pathophysiologically, telogen effluvium occurs when a significant number of hair follicles prematurely enter the telogen phase, resulting in excessive shedding. The exact mechanism is unclear, but it is believed to involve alterations in the hair follicle’s growth cycle, possibly mediated by illness, infection, major surgery, low protein intake, or hormonal changes. Some medications can also be linked to this disease, such as beta blockers, carbamazepine, and vitamin A. When affected hairs are in the resting phase, noticeable hair shedding occurs. Our patient was a 61-year-old female with a history of telogen effluvium, and exacerbations occurred after surgery. She presented for a reduction and internal fixation of her left tibia and left lateral meniscus repair after a fall. She was very concerned about the possibility of undergoing surgery, as recent exacerbations had caused significant hair loss over several months.
There are no guidelines on anesthesia considerations for patients with this rare disorder. This case report hopes to shed light on techniques to reduce exacerbations in these patients
