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Occupant\u27s knowledge and perception on watershed: a case study of Saug Watershed
No full textAwareness of the knowledge and perception of the occupants of Saug Watershed with regard to the current resources found in the area, benefits it has brought relative to their livelihood opportunities and the food productivity function is the basis for all interventions that will be implemented by concerned agencies in the future. This paper discusses the current knowledge level of the occupants on watershed in general and their perception of the benefits derived from Saug watershed which is located in the provinces of Davao del Norte and Campostella Valley. Data was obtained from a formal household questionnaire survey and direct observations in the area. The study covers 43 barangays [villages], of which 36 were from Davao del Norte and 7 from Campostella Valley Province. Results revealed that 62% of the respondents are aware that they are responsible in taking care of the watershed while 38% said they are not aware who is in-charge of the watershed. The respondents from the upstream barangays showed higher level of knowledge on watershed (33%) and knows that they are the stewards of Saug Watershed. With regards to perceived benefits, 80% of the respondents ranked water as number 1 followed by food 78%, electricity 73.6% and non-wood timber forest products 72.8%. Respondents from the midstream barangays have higher perceived benefits on water (86.2%) compared to the downstream (80.5%) and upstream (80.2%). Furthermore, the respondents from midstream barangays pointed out the soil fertility (61%), food (55%) are decreasing in the past year due to typhoon Pablo and series of flooding in their area. Moreover, land conversion from agricultural land to residential area and the increasing pressure of population growth contributed to the decrease in soil fertility. Consequently, 32.5% of respondents from the upstream barangays indicated that there is an increase in their source of firewood in the past year due to illegal cutting of trees in the area
M. ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ and M. ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’ – New Varieties of Mussaenda [RESEARCH NOTE]
Get PDFAn outstanding selections of Mussaenda developed in the Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB), College of Agriculture and Food Science (CAFS), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) were registered to the National Seed Industry Council as new varieties. These are Mussaenda ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ and Mussaenda ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’, named after an ornamental plant breeder and a National Scientist, respectively, in recognition to their significant contributions in the fields of genetics and plant breeding. Mussaenda ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ is a hybrid and a progeny from a cross between M. ‘Maria Makiling’ and M. ‘Diwata’. The calyx lobes are all petaloid, numerous, and hairy. Petaloids are creamy white (157C) with visible midrib and pale yellow-green veins underneath, are ovate to suborbicular in shape, and are 5.0 - 9.3 x 3.7 - 7.5 cm in size. M. ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’ is also a hybrid from the cross M. ‘Maria Makiling x M. ‘Doña Trining’. The calyx lobes are all petaloid, two to three of which are more enlarged while the rest are partially expanded in a cluster, are elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-orbicular in shape, 4.5 - 9.0 x 0.3 - 6.2 cm in size, and are empire rose (48A) with prominent pinkish white veins above and orient pink (36D) below with a tinge of yellow-green (145A) towards the apex
Prebiotic potential of ubi flour (Dioscorea alata L.)
No full textPrebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates commonly found in some foods that selectivity allow the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut that confers health benefits to the host. The prebiotic potential of flour from the commercial varieties of Ubi in Laguna [Philippines] was evaluated. Culture media were supplemented with these varieties of ubi flour as sole carbon source. The growth of selected Lactobacillus spp. and E.coli, were evaluated as representative of the gut microbiota. This study showed that the flour selectively inhibited the growth of E. coli and favored the growth of Lactobacillus sp. which is known as beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. Increase in cell density in control and treated culture media and pH were used as indicators or the fermentation of the ubi flour. Both varieties exhibited a positive prebiotic score in the vitro analysis. Chemical analysis of the flour indicated the presence of high amount of both dietary fiber and resistant starch. These two components were implicated in the ability of the ubi flour to favor the growth of the beneficial bacteria in the vitro analysis contributing to its prebiotic potential
Processing of taro (Colocasia esculenta) corms in taro balls
No full textTaro was processed into street-food type form of balls similar to fishballs. Varying amounts of taro and all purpose flour combinations were prepared and evaluated for their sensory characteristics such as color, aroma, taste, texture and general acceptability. Based on sensory evaluations, T3 (75% taro:25% all purpose flour) was the most acceptable and the least preferred was T1 (100% taro:0% all purpose flour)
Impact of drying on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of bignay [Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng.] pomace
No full textBignay pomace is a processing byproduct that can be a source of bioactive compounds. However, a suitable dehydration method should be considered to efficiently valorize this waste material into high-value food ingredient and maximize its health-promoting properties. Bignay pomace was subjected to convection oven-drying and freeze-drying to investigate the effect of these pre-processing techniques on the physicochemical, bioactives, and antioxidant properties of the samples. Both drying methods significantly (p\u3c0.05) changed the total phenolic and anthocyanin contents of bignay pomace while flavonoids and tannins were not significantly affected. Freeze-drying of samples resulted in higher phenolic content (1742 vs. 1273 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g DW) and anthocyanin content (496 vs. 223 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/100 g DW) than convection oven-drying. Freeze-drying also resulted in higher antioxidant properties based on DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and FRAP assays. Bignay pomace extract was analyzed through HPLC (with photo-diode array detector) for its phenolic profile and nine compounds were identified, with catechin and epicatechin as the dominant components. HPLC analysis also showed that while the drying process does not influence the phenolic profile of the samples, it significantly affected the concentration of phenolic compounds present. The results of this study showed that freeze-drying is a more viable method to retain the majority of bignay pomace’s functional properties compared to convection oven-drying
Asian CHI symposium: HCI research from asia and on asian contexts and cultures
No full textThis symposium showcases the latest HCI work from Asia and those focusing on incorporating Asian sociocultural factors in their design and implementation. In addition to circulating ideas and envisioning future research in human-computer interaction, this symposium aims to foster social networks among academics (researchers and students) and practitioners and grow a research community from Asia
Yield Component Compensation as Affected by Seeding Rates in Dry Direct Seeded Rice
Get PDFSustainability of the transplanted and flooded rice system is threatened by water and labor availability in many Asian countries including the Philippines. Dry direct seeding instead of transplanting is evolving as a viable crop establishment option to deal with labor and water shortages. Two experiments from July 2020 to June 2021 were conducted to determine the effect of different seeding rates [20 kg ha-1 (SR20), 40 kg ha-1 (SR40), 60 kg ha-1 (SR60), and 120 kg ha-1 (SR120)] on the growth, grain yield, and yield components of 2 rice varieties that were established through direct seeding in dry tilled soil and subsequently grown under flooded conditions. Seeding rates of SR40, SR60, and SR120 produced comparable and not significantly different grain yields. However, these seeding rates produced significantly higher grain yields than SR20 (20 kg ha-1). The lower grain yield in SR20 was due to lower panicle density which caused a reduction in sink size. Strong compensation between the number of panicles and the number of grains per panicle was observed in different seeding rates in both varieties. Plants grown at the high seeding rate (120 kg ha-1) had a higher number of panicles but with lower filled grains per panicle. On the other hand, plants grown at the low seeding rate (20 kg ha-1) had more filled grains per panicle with a lower number of panicles per m2. Yield component compensation to maintain desirable sink size was effective at 40 and 60 kg ha-1 seeding rates, although not enough at 20 kg ha-1. Moreover, a longer duration of tiller production was observed at the low seeding rate (SR20) which resulted in a higher number of late emergent tillers with poor grain production. The seed rate of 120 kg ha-1 in this study did not result in yield reduction due to an excessive number of tillers that eventually reduced the number of grains per panicle as observed in other studies. Compensation was between panicle number and grain number per panicle. SR40 and SR60 had similar yield levels with SR120 due to compensation among yield components, these seeding rates would be more attractive to farmers due to lower seed costs
Effects of drying temperature and tempering duration on hybrid rice seed germination, thin-layer drying characteristics, and power requirement
No full textThis study presents the results of thin-layer drying tests for hybrid rice seeds. The independent factors were drying air temperature (45, 55, and 65 °C) and tempering duration (1, 2, and 4 h), while the dependent parameters were seed germination and drying characteristics, including drying rate, total and effective drying operation times, and power requirement. Considering one hybrid and 3 mo storage period after drying, the results showed that samples continuously dried at 45 and 55°C resulted in 91 and 86% germination percentages, respectively, which were above the acceptable Philippine national standard of at least 85%. However, when tempered for 2 or 4 h, even samples dried at 65°C resulted in more than 90% germination percentage. Tempered samples had an effective operation time of only 1 - 3 h, which was 50% less than those continuously dried (1.5 - 6 h of effective operation time). In effect, the total power used was halved by applying tempering. These results showed considerable advantages of tempering in terms of seed quality improvement and potential energy savings
M. ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ and M. ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’ – new varieties of Mussaenda
No full textAn outstanding selections of Mussaenda developed at the Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB), College of Agriculture and Food Science (CAFS), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) were registered to the National Seed Industry Council as new varieties. These are Mussaenda ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ and Mussaenda ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’, named after an ornamental plant breeder and a National Scientist, respectively, in recognition of their significant contributions to the fields of genetics and plant breeding. Mussaenda ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ is a hybrid and a progeny from a cross between M. ‘Maria Makiling’ and M. ‘Diwata’. The calyx lobes are all petaloid, numerous, and hairy. Petaloids are creamy white (157C) with visible midrib and pale yellow-green veins underneath, are ovate to suborbicular in shape, and are 5.0–9.3 x 3.7–7.5 cm in size. M. ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’ is also a hybrid from the cross M. ‘Maria Makiling x M. ‘Doña Trining’. The calyx lobes are all petaloid, two to three of which are more enlarged while the rest are partially expanded in a cluster, are elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-orbicular in shape, 4.5 ˗ 9.0 x 0.3 ˗ 6.2 cm in size, and are empire rose (48A) with prominent pinkish white veins above and orient pink (36D) below with a tinge of yellow-green (145A) towards the apex
Finite Element Analysis of a Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Climbing Mechanism
Get PDFA coconut climber mechanism was subjected to Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to improve its overall design and analyze its strength characteristics. The von Mises stress, total deformation, and factor of safety were evaluated using static structural analysis for the seat and pedal assemblies of the mechanism. The design has a minimum yielding factor of safety of 7.03 for the seat assembly and 12.09 for the pedal assembly. If aluminum is used as an alternative to steel, the prototype\u27s weight can be reduced to at least 64.56% without compromising its strength properties. The weight reduction by using aluminum is expected to reduce the effort required to use the improved designs. This study also demonstrated a robust methodology of exploring design alternatives without fabricating actual prototypes, leading to a more cost-effective design process. It is recommended that other topologies and materials be further explored to improve the design of the coconut climber mechanism