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National Research and Development Project for Watershed Management: Pagsanjan-Lumban Watershed, Laguna [Philippines]
No full textThe National Research and Development Project of Watershed Management: Pagsanjan-Lumban watershed was implemented in three years to set up a Philippine Network of Learning Watersheds with the aim of developing empirical databases for watershed management in the Philippines. The project include mainly the characterization of learning watersheds in terms of its physical, biological, physical, socio-economic attributes and the regular monitoring of watershed resources and services. Specifically, this project aimed to: a)develop profiles of the biological, physical, socio-economic environment of watersheds, b)identity critical areas within the watersheds through vulnerability assessment, and c)instrument the watershed for baseline information generation and concurrent monitoring of changes in the watersheds, and the natural and social systems that influence the watersheds.Two ha biodiversity plot, measuring 100 m x 200m and subdivided into quadrats measuring 20m x 20m were established in the upstream part of the watershed to provide baseline distribution of the species present within watershed. Likewise, for monitoring purposes, automated water level monitoring systems (AWLS) and automated weather station (AWS) were installed in the project sites. Multiparameter water quality meter was also used to monitor the changes in the water quality of the watershed. Among the various land cover in the watershed, coconut covers the largest area of 15,058 ha or 33 percent of watershed while closed canopy forests covers the smallest area. Based on its geomorphological characteristics, flooding in the watershed is gradual and flash floods would not normally occur at the downstream. The drainage density value is relatively high (0.72 km/km sup 2), which may be due to the presence of impermeable sub-surface material, sparse vegetation and high relief. In terms of the pH of water, results showed that water is more basic in the upstream. Temporal variation shows that electrical conductivity is higher during dry season than rainy season. The water quality declined as the water moves from upstream to downstream due to watershed loading from households and agricultural areas. More so, amidst having highly cultivated perennial land cover, there are still diverse species composition of trees, wildlife including insects and microfungi found in the watershed that needs to be conserved and protected. The abundance, richness, evenness, and diversity index of these species vary based on the season. In terms of vulnerability assessment, results showed that the watershed has low to moderate vulnerability to landslide. Generally, the area has low to moderate susceptibility to flooding and only the Municipality of Lumban was found to be highly susceptible to flooding. Further, there are 112 ordinances/resolutions that pertain to environmental issues within the Pagsanjan-Lumban Watershed. Only 22 ordinances were enacted in the mid 70\u27s to mid 80\u27s. Majority of the ordinances (81) were passed within the years 1990-2006. Among the practices employed in a regular basis are river management, tree planting activities, solid waste management, organic farming and disaster risk management. To further involve and enhance the skills of the LGUs, local community and other stakeholders, the Project conducted Capacity building activities such as meeting cum workshops and trainings, Youth Conference and Policy Forum. Likewise, a watershed postal was developed where all data collected on the ground were uploaded and updates as well as articles about the project, its activities and its findings were included. This project will be further improved for the viewers and visitors to increase their appreciation on watershed and its importance
Vulnerability and impact assessment of livestock due to climate change in Luzon, Philippines
No full textPhilippine agriculture is highly vulnerable to the adverse effect of climate change. The impact of climate change is often associated with the increase in temperature changes in precipitation and occurrence of extreme weather conditions which all can affect agricultural productivity, posing a grave threat to national food security. This study aims to contribute in addressing climate change agenda in the Philippines through assessment of impacts of climate change on the performance of livestock and poultry. In this paper, studies on broiler performance conducted during the past 5 years (2008-2013) were evaluated based on data availability, sufficiency, relevancy and length of records. A total of six studies conducted during the period of 2008 to 2013 were considered and hence used in the analysis. Performance parameters such as average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were taken and subjected to correlation analysis with prevailing environmental temperature (averaged over the duration of the studies). Broiler showed reduced performance as environmental temperature increases. The observed reduction in performance resulting from high ambient temperature illustrates the importance of providing these animals optimum environmental condition to ensure thermal comfort and production efficiency. The trend observed in the data suggest that temperature exceeding 25 deg C can be detrimental to broiler chicken and intervention such as additional cooling may be necessary to prevent decline in performance. However, the variability in the data indicates the needs for additional studies at different temperature levels. Moreover, future studies also include other environmental factors such as relative humidity. Results of such studies can be used in developing predictive models using thermal comfort indices such as temperature-humidity index. These models can be used in increasing the effects of different environmental conditions on productivity and profitability in poultry production, allowing poultry raisers to effectively manage ventilation and cooling systems to optimize productivity
A multi-period model for optimizing negative emission technology portfolios with economic and carbon value discount rates
No full textRegionalized Negative Emission Technology (NET) portfolios can sustainably support climate change mitigation. However, current studies focus on individual technologies that may be unsustainable on the large scale. The existing studies also do not consider multiple environmental footprints, technological readiness, and ecological discount rates, which are critical for addressing the future environmental damages of climate change. This study addresses these research gaps by using mixed integer linear programming to develop a multi-footprint, multi-period, optimization model for NET portfolios. The model is illustrated with a case study in the Southeast Asian region until 2100. The results show varying portfolios, with the net present value ranging from USD 516–2783 B, and the negative emissions from 30.42 to 79.56 Gt CO2. The cheaper, technologically ready options like afforestation and biochar are selected earlier in the portfolio, while the initially expensive, emerging technologies like enhanced weathering and direct air capture come later. Land and water are the limiting resources. Both carbon value discounting and using a high initial carbon price support the early deployment of NETs for climate change mitigation. The model currently does not consider synergistic/antagonistic interactions between NETs, multi-objective optimization, and parametric uncertainties, which can be included in future works
Outlook For The Organic Chicken Industry In The Philippines
Get PDFhttps://www.ukdr.uplb.edu.ph/cspps_policy_brief/1006/thumbnail.jp
Promotion and Distribution of Itik Pinas: A Solution to the Declining PH Duck Industry
Get PDFhttps://www.ukdr.uplb.edu.ph/cspps_policy_brief/1004/thumbnail.jp
CPAf In Focus Vol. 8 CPAf 25th Anniversary Issue : Honoring the Past, Celebrating the Present, Paving the Future
Get PDFIn this issue: CPAf\u27s Birth and Infancy: All for Rural Development, 2 Humble beginnings, 5 Revisiting our niche, 8 Navigating change, laying the groundwork, 11 Paving the way for global excellence, 14 More hopes for CPAf, 18 Thriving collectively, 21https://www.ukdr.uplb.edu.ph/in-focus/1000/thumbnail.jp
DIETARY INTAKE AND PERCEIVED AFFECTIVE WELL-BEING OF COLLEGE STUDENTS OF LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY, BATANGAS CITY, PHILIPPINES
No full textIn recent decades, growing evidence has emphasized certain food being linked to the emotional state of an individual. The cross-sectional study generally aimed to evaluate the relationship between dietary intake and the perceived affective states of 67 college students at the Lyceum of the Philippines University, Batangas City, Philippines. Data were collected through an online survey. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) was used to assess the positive affect (PA), denoted by positive mood states, and negative affect (NA), which are negative mood states. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that frequent vegetable consumption has a very low negative relationship with NA (r = -0.255; p = 0.037) while frequent sugar intake was found to have a very low positive relationship with NA (r = 0.246; p = 0.045). Squash, water spinach (kangkong), eggplant, horseradish leaves (malunggay), and carrots were related to NA reduction while sugar, chocolate, sweetened soda/soft drinks, and candies were linked to NA promotion. Other food groups were not found to have any correlation with either affective state. The results suggest that increasing vegetable consumption and decreasing sugar intake can reduce negative affect. Nutrition education should focus on raising awareness among students about how their intake of certain foods can influence their emotional states
SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS, PROXIMATE, AND MINERAL ANALYSIS OF CEREAL BARS MADE FROM VARYING PROPORTIONS OF ADLAY (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) AND OAT (Avena sativa) GRAINS
No full textAmong adults, there has been a shift in terms of dietary habits and practices which increases reliance on ready-to-eat food items which usually are nutrient-poor, and the consumption of these food items will impose risk for nutrition-related problems. With this, adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is an underutilized cereal crop in the Philippines providing an increased nutrition potential. With this, this research aims to develop cereal bars with improved nutritional content using varying proportions of adlay and oat grains, namely C (100:0), T1 (75:25), T2 (50:50), and T3 (25:75). The cereal bars are evaluated in terms of sensory characteristics, proximate analyses, and mineral content (iron and calcium). The respondents are all adults 19 – 59 years of age selected through purposive sampling through inclusion criteria. The significant difference among the sensory characteristics was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis H-Test, and the most acceptable and least acceptable treatment was determined using rank analysis. Similarly, in terms of the sensory characteristics and parameters, there is no significant difference between C and T1. Among the laboratory-conducted tests, the C has a greater value for ash, nitrogen-free extract, iron, and carbohydrate while T1 has a greater value for moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, calcium, and energy. In contrast, the cost of the cereal bar varieties revealed that the increased quantity of adlay grains in each treatment increased the overall cost. Based on the findings of this study, proportions of adlay and oats can be used in various food applications, especially in making nutritionally improved cereal bars and the raw ingredients can also be modified to enhance its sensory characteristics, further improve its nutritional content as well as lower its cost
Acceptability, physical properties, and nutrient composition of plant-based cauliflower frozen dessert
No full textPlant-based frozen dessert is one of the uprising\u27s healthier snack options by many people nowadays. This has been influenced by the factors regarding the trends in both health, environmental, and ethical issues. In the Philippines, frozen dessert has been a staple dessert that can be found everywhere and anywhere because of its versatile characteristics that can be easily loved by everyone which, in addition, contributes to the market popularity of frozen dessert. Fruits, nuts, sweet products, and vegetables can be used as flavoring. Surprisingly, cauliflower can be one of those options as flavor and ingredient of frozen dessert since it does not have a harsh flavor that is just too strong and unpleasant if consumed and incorporated in higher amounts. This cruciferous plant was used in this study. Moreover, soy milk was the plant milk employed in this study, and both treated with various frozen desert formulations considering the addition of cauliflower. Additionally, they were tested on the basis of five different sensory qualities such as appearance, aroma, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability. Frozen dessert formulation with the amount of 210 ml Soy Milk and 90 g of cauliflower received the highest rating among all the treatments in terms of sensory attributes. treatment 1 (270 ml Soy Milk + 30 g Cauliflower) got the highest approval in terms of flavor among the formulations. Meanwhile, in terms of macronutrient content, treatment 4 (180 ml Soy Milk + 120 g Cauliflower) in which has the largest amount of cauliflower has the highest carbohydrate and energy content. While, for the protein and fat, higher amounts of soy milk contributed to the higher protein and fat content of the frozen dessert formulations