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Symptom profile in suicide attempters during the COVID-19 pandemic: Relationships with suicide outcomes
No full textBackground: Suicidal behavior constitutes a multi-cause phenomenon that may also be present in people without a mental disorder. This study aims to analyze suicidal behavior outcomes in a sample of attempters, from a symptom-based approach. Methods: The sample comprised 673 patients (72% female; M = 40.9 years) who attended a hospital emergency department due to a suicide attempt. A wide range of clinical factors (e.g., psychopathology symptoms, psychiatric diagnoses, impulsivity, acquired capability), was administered within 15 days after the index attempt. Nine psychopathology domains were explored to identify the profile of symptoms, using latent profile analysis. The relationship between the profile membership and suicide outcome (i.e., intensity of suicidal ideation, number of suicide behaviors, and medical injury derived from index attempt) was also studied, using linear and logistic regression. Results: Three psychopathology profiles were identified: high-symptom profile (45.02% of participants), moderate-symptom profile (42.50%), and low-symptom profile (12.48%). High-symptom profile members were more likely to show higher risk of non-suicidal self-injury, acquired capability for suicide, and more severe suicide behavior and ideation. On the other hand, a more severe physical injury was associated with low-symptom profile membership in comparison to membership from the other profiles (OR < 0.45, p < .05). Conclusions: A symptom-based approach may be useful to monitor patients and determine the risk of attempt repetition in the future and potential medical injury, and to optimize prevention and intervention strategies
Paisatges de llengua a la universitat catalana: canvis, reptes i oportunitats
No full textActes de la Desena Jornada de la Càtedra Pompeu Fabra, que es va celebrar a Barcelona els dies 7 i 8 de novembre del 2024
Unraveling the effects of lymphoma-associated translocations on genome organization and gene regulation
No full textTranslocations have largely been associated with tumor development due to oncogene overexpression upon rearrangement. Yet, their precise effects on nuclear architecture and long- range gene regulation remain understudied. In this thesis, we characterize the interplay between translocations, chromatin organization and gene expression using mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) as a model. In MCL, its hallmark translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) leads to the overexpression of cyclin D1, but it is not sufficient to drive lymphomagenesis. In this regard, we show that in vitro-engineered translocations can induce extensive gene expression alterations in entire chromosome arms, indicating a broader regulatory potential of the immunoglobulin enhancer than previously appreciated. Moreover, we demonstrate a clear link between transcriptional alterations and genome organization, with the detection of new long- range interacting loops spanning over 50 megabases. In summary, we reveal that the effects of translocations are broader than initially appreciated, highlighting the importance of epigenetics in this aspect and opening up new avenues for studying early steps of lymphomagenesis.Les translocacions han estat àmpliament associades al desenvolupament tumoral degut a la sobreexpressió d’oncogens. No obstant això, els efectes específics que poden tenir en l’organització de la cromatina i en la transcripció gènica romanen indefinides. Per aquest motiu, aquesta tesi explora la interrelació entre les translocations, la organització de la cromatina i l’expressió gènica, utilitzant el limfoma de les cèl·lules del mantell (MCL) com a model. En MCL, la translocació t(11;14)(q13;q32) condueix a la sobeexpressió de ciclina D1, però aquest oncogen no és suficient per iniciar el desenvolupament tumoral. És per això que generant la translocació in vitro es mostra com aquesta pot induir directament una àmplia alteració de l’expressió gènica, indicant una funció del potenciador (o “enhancer”) de la immunoglobulina més extensa del que s’havia descrit. A més, es demostra que hi ha un lligam clar entre les alteracions transcripcionals i la organització genòmica, amb la detecció de vincles d’interacció que s’allarguen més de 50 megabases. En resum, aquesta tesi mostra que les translocacions tenen un efecte molt més ampli del que era apreciat anteriorment, obrint noves vies per estudiar les fases inicials de la limfomagènesi.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
Perspectives of medicine, human biology, and nursing undergraduates on transversal skills learning: a mixed-methods study
No full textBackground: In health sciences practice, interpersonal skills, critical thinking, and learning-to-learn are crucial transversal skills. Effective teaching necessitates the understanding of undergraduates' views. This study explored undergraduate experiences in human biology, medicine, and nursing degrees in learning transversal skills. Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed method design with qualitative data collection and a subsequent online survey study. Three focus groups were conducted with third- and fourth-year undergraduates, and data were analyzed with thematic analysis. The online survey targeted undergraduate students from all academic years to address inconclusive details. Analysis entailed descriptive statistics, and associations differences in responses by degrees were analyzed using chi-square tests or Fisher's Exact Test. Results: Thirteen undergraduates participated in focus groups and 159 in the online survey. Three thematic areas emerged: the training received and its perceived relevance, the evaluation, and the learning methods. Undergraduates expressed that transversal skills were necessary for self-personal growth and professional development; however 50.7% reported not receiving specific training. Human biology and medicine undergraduates reported less training in critical thinking compared to nursing (29.03% and 32.7% vs. 76%, p < 0.001) and in interpersonal and relational skills (16.1% and 16.3% vs. 57%, p < 0.001). Subjectivity is an issue compared to traditional testing, with 39.6% of undergraduates reporting knowing the assessment methods of transversal skills and 56% trusting the preparation of teaching staff. >80% of undegraduate students wanted more participatory methodologies -from classroom methodology to problem-based assessments and simulation, while plenary lectures and gamification were less preferred. Conclusion: Health sciences undergraduates advocated for effectively integrating transversal skills in their programs. Nursing undergraduates showed higher satisfaction and expressed having experienced more transversal skills learning than human biology and medicine undergraduates. Undergraduates required educators to receive more support and training in adopting methodologies that facilitate transversal skill acquisition through changes in the assessment methods and substantive transformation of the program curricula
Optimizing the assignment decisions in the refugee resettlement process
No full textThe number of asylum applications in the European Union has significantly increased in recent years, highlighting the need for effective decision-making in the resettlement process. This research focuses on the refugee status and the resettlement process that transfers refugees from an asylum country to a receiving country. Integration plays a crucial role in the success of resettlement, benefiting both refugees and receiving countries. The priorities of receiving countries and the preferences of refugees also influence the assignment process. However, no comprehensive optimization framework exists that combines these dimensions for decision support. This study proposes a decision-making system that incorporates integration potential, receiving countries' priorities, and refugees' preferences, considering quotas, and analyzing different scenarios. The system aims to aid organizations in making informed decisions and could be integrated into existing information systems. The research contributes to addressing the complex challenges of refugee resettlement and has potential societal impact
La voz del régimen franquista: Estudio de la censura y del control ideológico en el doblaje cinematográfico español
No full textTreball d'investigació/Fi de màster. Directora: Dra. Paula IgaredaEste estudio analiza las transformaciones impuestas por la censura franquista en el doblaje del cine en español. Para la investigación, se emplea un método comparativo entre la versión original y la versión doblada de la película La condesa descalza (1954), con el objetivo de detectar patrones en la toma de decisiones. Se lleva a cabo un análisis textual centrado en escenas clave, con la finalidad de exponer qué estrategias se aplicaron para abordar los temas considerados polémicos por el régimen. Así pues, los datos se obtuvieron a partir de fragmentos representativos que abordan cuestiones como el adulterio, la justicia, la guerra o el rol de la mujer. Los resultados evidencian un elevado nivel de manipulación discursiva, orientado a consolidar los valores morales del franquismo. Asimismo, se identifican distintas formas destacadas de censura, como la omisión, la sustitución y la adición de contenidos. De este modo, el presente estudio contribuye a comprender el doblaje como instrumento de control cultural, al tiempo que destaca la importancia de visibilizar este fenómeno como parte de la memoria histórica y del análisis crítico de los medios de comunicación en contextos autoritarios.This study analyzes the transformations imposed by Francoist censorship on Spanish film dubbing. A comparative method is employed between the original version and the dubbed version of the film The Barefoot Contessa (1954), with the aim of detecting patterns in decision-making. A textual analysis focused on key scenes is conducted to reveal the strategies applied to address issues considered controversial by the regime. The data were obtained from representative excerpts dealing with topics such as adultery, justice, war, and the role of women. The results show a high level of discursive manipulation aimed at consolidating the moral values of Francoism. Additionally, different prominent forms of censorship are identified, including omission, substitution, and addition of content. Thus, this study contributes to understanding dubbing as an instrument of cultural control, while highlighting the importance of making this phenomenon visible as part of historical
memory and the critical analysis of media in authoritarian contexts
La Sombra en el Libro Rojo de Jung y su relación con el Zaratustra de Friedrich Nietzsche
No full textEsta investigación analiza la imagen de la Sombra en el Libro Rojo (2009) de Carl Gustav Jung y su relación con Así Habló Zaratustra (1883-1885). Indagamos en la comprensión de los significados de esta imagen por medio de un estudio de recepción de Friedrich Nietzsche en la Psicología Analítica de Jung. La Sombra, uno de sus conceptos fundamentales, es imagen de lo inconsciente, y por este motivo sus significados son difíciles de aprehender.
Frente a esta problemática, se aborda el análisis de esta imagen en el contenido del Libro Rojo, tomando en consideración, por una parte, las biografías que atienden la experiencia de realización del Libro Rojo; además, nos apoyamos en las elaboraciones teóricas de la obra de Jung; y finalmente, en el análisis del Zaratustra – y de la personalidad de Nietzsche – que Jung ofreció en el Seminario Sobre Zaratustra (1934-1939).This research project analyzes the image of the Shadow in Jung’s The Red Book: Liber Novus (2009) and its relation to Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883-1885). The investigation of the Shadow’s meaning will be conducted through a study of the reception of Nietzsche’s work in Jung’s Analytical Psychology. The Shadow is one of Jung’s fundamental concepts. Since it is an image of the unconscious, its meanings are difficult to apprehend.
Methodologically, the analysis is done within The Red Book: Liber Novus’ content and has the following structure: Firstly, the biographies that are relevant for The Red Book: Liber Novus’ realization are discussed; then different theoretical approaches to Jung’s work are considered; and finally, a reading of Jung’s Seminar on Zarathustra (1934-1939) which zais also about Nietzsche’s personality is provided.Programa de Doctorat en Humanitat
Creació d'una nova línia de productes per a la marca Borges
No full textTutora: Abigail Parra
Treball de fi de grau en Publicitat i Relacions PúbliquesBorges, una marca nascuda a Reus, Espanya, i que ara compta amb una presència sòlida i internacional, ha detectat que no arriba al target jove. Fidel al seu propòsit d’innovació, necessita fer un rebranding creant una nova línia de productes per assolir aquest objectiu, ha realitzat una investigació de mercat i ha detectat un auge en el perfi l de consumidor de snacks, amb preferència per l'esport. Per això, ens ha encarregat que ideem una línia de productes basats en fruits secs enfocats als esportistes joves. Així neix la línia +ENERGÍA, que consta de tres nous articles: barretes, pols i galetes. El seu valor diferencial és que està feta amb ingredients 100% naturals i sense additius, contrastant amb la resta de snacks esportius que trobem avui dia al mercat. Així, els consumidors podran comptar amb una línia de productes feta a base d’ingredients que entenen, ideada a partir d’un l’anàlisi de la competència que inclou un benchmark i un mapping de posicionament, així com una anàlisi del públic amb una mostra real de 60 persones. D’aquesta mostra, obtenim l’insight de la necessitat d’energia en els snacks que consumeix el nostre target com a eix central del producte. Aportem una proposta de producte detallada que compleix les 4 P’s del màrqueting i futures línies de treball, packaging diferenciat de la competència i que transmet energia, comunicacions enfocades a joves amb l’univers càlid i proper de la marca mare i accions que s’enfoquen en l’awareness del nou producte i s’introdueix de manera amigable i propera en els territoris més actius del país per aconseguir més que una submarca, una comunitat.Borges, a brand born in Reus, Spain, and now with a strong and international presence, has identifi ed that it is not reaching the younger target audience. Staying true to its purpose of innovation, it needs to undergo a rebranding by creating a new product line to achieve this goal. In line with its value-driven strategy, market research was conducted, revealing a rise in snack consumers with a preference for sports. As a result, Borges has tasked us with developing a line of nut-based products aimed at young athletes. This is how the +ENERGÍA line was born, consisting of three new items: bars, powders, and cookies. Our key diff erentiator is that these products are made with 100% natural ingredients and contain no additives, standing in contrast to most sports snacks currently available on the market. This new line is created with ingredients that consumers can understand, supported by a competitive analysis including benchmarking and mapping, and audience analysis with a real sample of 60 people. From this sample, we uncovered the insight that the central need of our target audience is energy in the snacks they consume. We present a detailed product proposal that meets the 4 P’s of marketing and outlines future development lines. The packaging stands out from competitors and conveys energy, with communication aimed at young people while maintaining the warm and approachable tone of the parent brand. Additionally, we propose awareness-focused actions to introduce the new product in a friendly and engaging way within the most active regions of the country, with the goal of building not just a sub-brand, but a community
Mother-to-infant vertical transmission in early life: a systematic review and proportional meta-analysis of Bifidobacterium strain transmissibility
No full textEarly-life colonization is a critical developmental process influencing infant biological programming, with bifidobacteria playing a key role. This systematic review examines the transmissibility of Bifidobacterium strains from mothers to infants. Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 31 articles from 2009 to 2024 were selected from 2825 screened titles and abstracts. Using a narrative synthesis and meta-analysis, the review focuses on studies employing strain-level metagenomic approaches (Protocol registry CRD: CRD42023490507). Ten studies using shotgun metagenomic sequencing identified specific strains of B. adolescentis, B. angulatum, B. bifidum, B. breve, B. pseudocatenulatum, B. catenulatum, and B. longum shared between mothers and infants. A meta-analysis of 810 mother-infant pairs revealed an overall species transmissibility estimate of 30% (95% CI: 0.17; 0.44), with B. longum strains persisting in infants' guts for up to 6 months. Strain transmissibility was higher in vaginally delivered infants compared to those delivered by caesarean section. This review highlights the high transmission rates of maternal Bifidobacterium strains in early-life gut seeding, particularly B. bifidum and B. longum. Despite ongoing research, uncertainties remain regarding the precise characteristics, transmission routes, and mechanisms of transmitted strains. Comprehensive approaches, including metagenomic sequencing and longitudinal studies, are needed to understand the role of vertical transmission in infant gut microbiome engraftment and its functional implications.E.F.V. acknowledges the assistance provided by the day-to-day discussions in the M.C.C. Lab at the Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), which facilitated the exploration of the complex concept of Vertical Transmission. E.F.V. thanks to a Predoctoral grant awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Social Fund Plus (ESF+) for the training of doctors within the framework of the State Plan for Scientific, Technical and Innovation Research 2021–2023 (ref. CEX2021-001189-S-20-1). M.E.T. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie postdoctoral grant (MicroMI, grant agreement number 898088). M.C.C. acknowledges the support by the European Research Council Starting grant (MAMI grant ref. 639226), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MAMI-Plus ref. PID2022-139475OB-I00). IATA-CSIC authors also acknowledge the Spanish government MCIN/AEI to the Center of Excellence Accreditation Severo Ochoa (CEX2021-001189-S/MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). DvS acknowledges Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) support through the Irish Government’s National Development Plan (SFI/12/RC/2273-P1 and SFI/12/RC/2273-P2). L.J.H. is supported by a Wellcome Trust Investigator Award 220876/Z/20/Z and a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Institute Strategic Programme Food, Microbiome and Health BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/F/000PR13631. M.V.C. acknowledges funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2022-139328OA-I00), the Spanish Ministry of Universities (Beatriz Galindo Junior Fellowship BG22/00172), and La Caixa Incoming Junior Leader (LCF/BQ/PI24/12040001)