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Television dialogue and subtitling: a corpus-driven study of police procedurals
No full textThe specialised literature has suggested the intermediate position of television dialogue and subtitling along the continuum from spoken to written language (e.g. Díaz-Cintas 2003; Quaglio 2009; Forchini 2012). This dissertation adopts a corpus-driven methodology to tackle this issue from a descriptive, contrastive point of view. It reports on results of the analysis of the Corpus of Police Procedurals (CoPP), a corpus containing the transcribed dialogue (EN) and the DVD subtitling (ES) of fifteen episodes of three contemporary police procedurals, namely Dexter (Showtime, 2006), The Mentalist (Warner Bros, 2008), and Castle (ABC, 2009). A selection of syntactic and lexical features typically attributed to either poles of the continuum have been scrutinized from a quantitative and a qualitative approach. The statistical basis of the quantitative study allows identification of patterns of behaviour (i.e. norms) on the dialogue creators’ and the subtitlers’ part. Qualitative lexical analysis adapts the corpus pattern analysis (CPA) methodology proposed by Hanks (esp. 2004, 2013a), to date used for lexicographic purposes only, for the study of lexical exploitation, i.e. creativity, in this type of texts.La bibliografía especializada ha sugerido la posición del diálogo televisivo y del subtitulado como géneros intermedios en el continuo oralidad-escritura (p. ej. Díaz-Cintas 2003, Quaglio 2009; Forchini 2012). Esta tesis adopta la metodología corpus-driven (‘dirigida por el corpus’) para abordar esta cuestión desde un punto de vista descriptivo y contrastivo, a partir del análisis del Corpus of Police Procedurals (CoPP), un corpus compilado para los propósitos de esta investigación que contiene, alineados, el diálogo (EN) y el subtitulado para DVD (ES) de quince capítulos de tres series de ficción policíaca procesal contemporáneas: Dexter (Showtime, 2006), El mentalista (Warner Bros, 2008) y Castle (ABC, 2009). Una selección de rasgos sintácticos y léxicos prototípicamente atribuidos a ambos polos del continuo han sido examinados tanto cuantitativa como cualitativamente. La base estadística de los análisis cuantitativos llevados a cabo revela patrones de comportamiento (normas) en los creadores del diálogo ficcional y en sus traductores. El análisis cualitativo del léxico adapta la metodología lexicográfica de análisis de patrones de corpus (CPA) propuesta por Hanks (esp. 2004, 2013a) para el estudio de la explotación léxica (creatividad) en este tipo de textos.Programa de doctorat en Traducció i Ciències del Llenguatg
El régimen de nombres y apellidos en el derecho internacional privado: análisis jurisprudencial del tribunal de justicia de la Unión Europea y sus efectos sobre el ordenamiento jurídico español
No full textTreball de Fi de Grau en Dret. Curs 2024-2025Tutor: Albert Font SeguraCada Estado miembro es el único competente para dictar sus propias normas en materia de nombres y apellidos, puesto que no es una competencia exclusiva ni compartida con la Unión Europea.
Ante las diversas regulaciones que prevén, es frecuente que los Estados miembros rechacen reconocer apellidos determinados e inscritos en otro Estado miembro porque son incompatibles con su ordenamiento interno. No obstante, las autoridades jurisdiccionales de algunos Estados miembros han planteado cuestiones prejudiciales ante el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea respecto a diversos conflictos que han surgido en este ámbito porque podrían vulnerar el Derecho de la Unión.
Este presente trabajo pretende analizar los aspectos más relevantes e innovadores que ha pronunciado el Tribunal y la reacción de la doctrina. Asimismo, identificar los cambios que la jurisprudencia comunitaria sobre nombres y apellidos ha originado dentro del ordenamiento jurídico español, poniendo especial énfasis en la legislación y práctica registrales
Més d'una dècada de sèries a Catalunya: temporades televisives del 2013-2014 al 2023-2024
No full textAmb la col·laboració de Joan CorbellaLes sèries de ficció són un dels formats més populars de la televisió, tot i que, en els darrers anys alguns títols han migrat a les plataformes d’streaming. Aquest informe mostra l'evolució de l’audiència en el seguiment d'aquests formats a Catalunya, i evidencia una disminució notable d'espectadors: de mitjana se n'han perdut més de 274.000, amb una caiguda superior al 60% d’audiència. Aquesta tendència afecta de manera uniforme a tots els canals de les televisions generalistes. En les següents pàgines s’analitzarà com les sèries dramàtiques es mantenen com el gènere predominant dins de la ficció televisiva. Des de la temporada 2019-20, destaca l’estratègia d’Antena 3 TV amb una forta aposta per les telenovel·les. Paral·lelament, produccions pròpies de TV3 com els serials ‘La Riera’ o ‘Com si fos ahir’, han assolit resultats excel·lents, consolidant la cadena com a líder gairebé absolut en termes de quota (share)
Image Transitions and Viewers’ Emotion: Effects of Cut, Dissolve and Fade on Valence, Arousal and Dominance
No full textThe objective of this study is to investigate if the transitions “cut”, “dissolve” and “fade” have different effects on viewers’ emotion. The thesis, after positing the hypotheses of these three transitions, presents the results of the experiment to see if they were confirmed. In the experiment, twenty-five participants watched videos with these transitions, and their reactions were measured with self-report questionnaires, facial expression and EDA. The results showed that the videos had more positive valence with “cut” than the other two. Besides, the elicitation of joy was greater with “cut”, followed by “dissolve” and “fade” and that of sadness was greater with “fade”, followed by “dissolve” and “cut”. Finally, the effects of the video emotions and the transitions had a significant interaction: with every video emotion, the videos had more positive valence with “cut”, the elicitation of joy was greater with “cut” followed by “dissolve” and “fade”, and the elicitation of sadness was greater with “fade” followed by “dissolve” and “cut”. The results are expected to make contributions in the three academic/practical fields. In cognitive psychology, it will help researcher better prepare their materials for their experiments. In filmmaking practice and film studies, they can craft, and construct theories referencing these results.Universidad Pompeu Fabra. Doctorado en Comunicació
De la visibilidad local a la audiencia global: cómo la era digital impulsa y democratiza el cine independiente frente a las grandes producciones
No full textTutor: Jordi Xifra TriaduTreball de fi de grau en Publicitat i Relacions PúbliquesEl presente Trabajo Final de Grado analiza el impacto de la transformación digital en el ámbito del marketing cinematográfico, con especial énfasis en las oportunidades que esta nueva era ofrece al cine independiente. La investigación parte de la idea de que las herramientas tecnológicas actuales, junto con las plataformas digitales de distribución y promoción, permiten a los creadores independientes ampliar su visibilidad, acceso a financiación y conexión con audiencias globales. Así, a través del marketing digital, las redes sociales y los servicios de streaming, se superan las barreras tradicionales impuestas por la industria cinematográfica dominante. El estudio combina un marco teórico con un caso práctico, demostrando cómo estas estrategias pueden impulsar el recorrido comercial de una película independiente, especialmente en un entorno donde la atención es limitada y la competencia de contenidos es constante.This Final Degree Project analyzes the impact of digital transformation in the field of film marketing, with a special focus on the opportunities this new era offers to independent cinema. The research is based on the idea that current technological tools, along with digital distribution and promotion platforms, enable independent creators to expand their visibility, access funding, and connect with global audiences. Through digital marketing, social media, and streaming services, traditional barriers imposed by the dominant film industry can be overcome. The study combines a theoretical framework with a practical case study, demonstrating how these strategies can boost the commercial trajectory of an independent film, especially in an environment where attention is limited and content competition is intense
Human Reliance on Decision Support Systems in High-Risk Scenarios
No full textAquesta tesi investiga com la presa de decisions humanes interactua amb els sistemes algorítmics de suport a la presa de decisions en escenaris d'alt risc, tal com es defineixen en la Llei de IA de la Unió Europea, centrant-se en el reconeixement facial i la predicció de la reincidència delictiva. Si bé els sistemes de IA s'utilitzen cada vegada més en àmbits com la justícia penal i la vigilància, la suposició que la IA pot complementar de manera fluida i fiable el judici humà manca d'una base empírica suficient. Aquesta tesi presenta un conjunt d'estudis empírics que examinen la interacció entre la precisió del sistema, la dificultat de la tasca, la familiaritat de l'usuari i les intervencions específiques. La primera part analitza les coincidències i divergències entre els errors humans i els errors de màquina, revelant estratègies híbrides de presa de decisions entre humans i IA. La segona part explora com la precisió del sistema i la complexitat de la tasca afecten el rendiment en tots dos casos d'ús. Els resultats mostren que els sistemes precisos poden millorar la qualitat de les decisions, però els sistemes de baixa precisió exerceixen una influència desproporcionada en condicions difícils. La tercera part investiga les intervencions d'incorporació, en les quals una breu exposició al sistema ajuda els usuaris a calibrar la confiança i alinear els seus models mentals. Els resultats demostren que la fase d'incorporació millora aquest calibratge i mitiga la dependència desproporcionada. Aquesta tesi contribueix a la comprensió de la col·laboració humana-IA en escenaris d'alt risc, posant l'accent que el disseny dels sistemes ha de tenir en compte els factors cognitius juntament amb el rendiment tècnic. En lloc de recolzar una automatització total, els resultats advoquen per marcs híbrids de presa de decisions que combinin el judici humà amb el suport algorítmic amb la finalitat de prevenir l'ús indegut i la dependència excessiva.Esta tesis investiga cómo la toma de decisiones humanas interactúa con los sistemas algorítmicos de apoyo a la toma de decisiones en escenarios de alto riesgo, tal y como se definen en la Ley de IA de la Unión Europea, centrándose en el reconocimiento facial y la predicción de la reincidencia delictiva. Si bien los sistemas de IA se utilizan cada vez más en ámbitos como la justicia penal y la vigilancia, la suposición de que la IA puede complementar de forma fluida y fiable el juicio humano carece de una base empírica suficiente. Esta tesis presenta un conjunto de estudios empíricos que examinan la interacción entre la precisión del sistema, la dificultad de la tarea, la familiaridad del usuario y las intervenciones específicas. La primera parte analiza las coincidencias y divergencias entre los errores humanos y los errores de máquina, revelando estrategias híbridas de toma de decisiones entre humanos e IA. La segunda parte explora cómo la precisión del sistema y la complejidad de la tarea afectan al rendimiento en ambos casos de uso. Los resultados muestran que los sistemas precisos pueden mejorar la calidad de las decisiones, pero los sistemas de baja precisión ejercen una influencia desproporcionada en condiciones difíciles. La tercera parte investiga las intervenciones de incorporación, en las que una breve exposición al sistema ayuda a los usuarios a calibrar la confianza y alinear sus modelos mentales. Los resultados demuestran que la fase de incorporación mejora dicha calibración y mitiga la dependencia desproporcionada. Esta tesis contribuye a la comprensión de la colaboración humana-IA en escenarios de alto riesgo, haciendo hincapié en que el diseño de los sistemas debe tener en cuenta los factores cognitivos junto con el rendimiento técnico. En lugar de respaldar una automatización total, los resultados abogan por marcos híbridos de toma de decisiones que combinen el juicio humano con el apoyo algorítmico con el fin de prevenir el uso indebido y la dependencia excesiva.This thesis investigates how human decision-making interacts with algorithmic decision support systems (DSS) in high-risk contexts as defined by the European Union’s AI Act, focusing on facial recognition and criminal recidivism prediction. While AI systems are increasingly deployed in domains such as criminal justice, surveillance, and identity verification, the assumption that algorithmic recommendations can seamlessly and reliably augment human judgment lacks sufficient empirical grounding. The dissertation presents a set of complementary empirical studies that examine the interplay between system accuracy, task difficulty, user familiarity, and targeted interventions. The first part analyzes overlaps and divergences between human and machine errors, revealing opportunities for hybrid human-AI decision-making strategies. The second part explores how DSS accuracy and task complexity affect performance in both face matching and recidivism prediction. Results show that accurate systems can improve decision quality, but low-accuracy systems exert disproportionate influence under difficult conditions, exposing users to automation bias. The third part investigates onboarding interventions, where brief exposure to DSS performance helps users calibrate trust and align their mental models with system capabilities. Findings demonstrate that onboarding enhances trust calibration and mitigates overreliance on poor systems. Overall, this thesis contributes to the understanding of human-AI collaboration in high-risk scenarios, emphasizing that system design must account for human cognitive factors alongside technical performance. Rather than endorsing full automation, the findings advocate for hybrid decision-making frameworks that combine human judgment with algorithmic support to enhance effectiveness, fairness, and accountability while safeguarding against misuse and overreliance.Universidad Pompeu Fabra. Doctorado en Tecnología de la Información y las Comunicacione
Decompressive hemicraniectomy without evacuation of acute intraparenchymal hemorrhage
No full textBackground: Intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) are prevalent, with high morbidity and mortality. We analyzed whether decompressive craniectomy (DC) without evacuation of the acute intraparenchymal hematoma could produce better functional outcomes than treatment with evacuation. Methods: Patients with acute ICH treated with DC without clot evacuation, or evacuation with or without associated craniectomy were included. Matched univariate analyses were performed, and a binary logistic regression model was constructed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and modified Rankin scale (mRS) as dependent variables. Results: 27 patients treated with DC without clot evacuation were compared to 36 patients with clot evacuation; eleven of the first group were matched with 18 patients with evacuation. A significantly better functional prognosis in the group treated with DC without clot evacuation was found. Patients aged < 55 years and treated with DC without clot evacuation had a significantly better functional prognosis (p = 0.008 and p = 0.039, respectively). In multivariate analysis, the intervention performed was the greatest predictor of functional status at the end of follow-up. Conclusions: DC without clot evacuation improves the functional prognosis of patients with acute intraparenchymal hematomas. Larger multicenter studies are warranted to determine whether a change in the management of acute ICH should be recommended.This work was funded by the Junta de Andalucía (BIO-0139), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (FPU16/05059), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-funded by European Union (ERDF/ESF, "Investing in your future": PI16/00264; CD19/00255), MINECO (PID2019-105564RB-I00) and CIBERobn
External exposome and incident asthma across the life course in 14 European cohorts: a prospective analysis within the EXPANSE project
No full textBackground: The joint impact of exposure to multiple urban environmental factors on asthma remains unclear. Methods: We analysed data from 14 European cohorts to assess the impact of the urban exposome on asthma incidence across the life course. We linked three external exposome domains (air pollution, built environment, ambient temperature) to the participants’ home addresses at baseline. We performed k-means clustering within each domain and assessed associations of clusters with asthma adjusting for potentially relevant covariates in cohort-specific analyses, with subsequent separate meta-analyses for birth and adult cohorts. An environmental risk score using a coefficient-weighted sum approach was used to assess the impact of combining the three domains. Findings: A total of 7428 incident asthma cases were identified among 349,037 participants (from birth up to age 70+). Overall, we observed higher risks of asthma for clusters characterized by high particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide exposure in adults (ORmeta = 1.13, 95%CI:1.01–1.25), and clusters characterized by high built-up area and low levels of greenness in both children and adults (ORmeta = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.14–1.64 for birth cohorts and ORmeta = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.03–1.28 for adult cohorts, respectively). The joint exposure using the environment risk score combining the three domains was consistently associated with higher risks of incident asthma (ORmeta = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.07–1.20 for birth cohorts, ORmeta = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.10–1.20 for adult cohorts per 20% increase). On average 11.6% of the incident asthma cases could be attributed to environmental risk score above cohort-specific median levels. Interpretation: Multiple environmental exposures jointly contribute to incident asthma risk across the life course. Urban planning accounting for these factors may help mitigate asthma development. Funding: This study was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under agreement No 874627 (EXPANSE).This study was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under agreement No 874627 (EXPANSE) and No 857560 (CETOCOEN Excellence). ZY is funded by the Swedish Research Council (VR No. 2024-02345) and Swedish Research Council for Health, Working life and Welfare (Forte No. 2023-01213). AS has received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number 210781). MS received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 949906). PD and CT acknowledge support from the grant CEX2023-0001290-S funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. Cohort-specific fundings are presented in the Supplementary materials. Authors thank the RECETOX Research Infrastructure (No LM2023069) financed by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports for supportive background. EM reports grants from Swedish Research Council (2024-03164), The Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation and Region Stockholm (ALF)
Regional, state, and immigrants' heritage languages in high school: the effect of geographic origin and linguistic acculturation profiles on language attitudes
No full textAims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions:
This study explores the language attitudes that high-school students of immigrant origin hold toward Catalan, Spanish, and the heritage languages of immigrant communities, focusing on linguistic acculturation profiles at school and geographic origin of these students. It takes place in Catalonia (Spain), a multilingual setting where Spanish and Catalan have official status.
Design/Methodology/Approach:
Using a 5-point Likert-type scale, 198 students of immigrant background were asked about their attitudes regarding these three languages, as well as questions regarding their linguistic acculturation profiles at school.
Data and Analysis:
A K-means cluster analysis was conducted to create identity groups based on linguistic acculturation profiles at school. Then, a series of analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were run: first to analyze the relationship between linguistic acculturation profiles and attitudes toward heritage languages, such as Catalan and Spanish, and second between linguistic acculturation profiles and continent of origin. A two-factor ANOVA was conducted to test the interaction effects between linguistic acculturation and geographic origin regarding language attitudes.
Findings/Conclusions:
Those in the acculturation profile that incorporates all three languages at school have significantly lower attitudes toward Catalan, suggesting that heritage language maintenance is perceived as incompatible with Catalan at school. As for geographic origin, the European origin group is more commonly placed in the Catalan assimilation acculturation profile than the African and Latin American groups. There is also a significant interaction effect between origin and the acculturation profile, with the European multilingual group showing significantly less positive attitudes toward Catalan.
Originality:
While other studies have explored immigrant attitudes toward Catalan and Spanish, very few have incorporated the wide range of unofficial languages present in the territory, like Arabic, Amazigh, or Romanian.
Significance/Implications:
These results complement previous general acculturation research showing that, for linguistic acculturation as well, racialized ethnic hierarchies affect the acculturation options available to different linguistic groups
The effect of practice frequency on pronunciation gains in a self-paced karaoke training with high school ESL students
No full textTreball de fi de màster en Lingüística Teòrica i Aplicada. Directors: Dra. Pilar Prieto i Dra. Florence BaillsResearch shows that music can assist in second language pronunciation instruction, and that the use of familiar melodies can further bootstrap phonological acquisition. This study tested whether a self-paced karaoke training can improve English pronunciation among 52 Spanish-Catalan bilingual high schoolers aged 14-16. After two in-class tutorial sessions participants voluntarily completed between zero and five approximately ten minute long, self-paced karaoke training sessions over one week using English songs with familiar melodies (N of students with 0-2 training sessions = 22; N of students with 3-5 training sessions = 30). Pronunciation was assessed before and after training for comprehensibility, fluency, and accentedness, using sentence imitation and reading tasks with both trained and untrained materials. Results showed that, while both groups improved, students who completed three to five sessions improved significantly more across all measures and tasks with trained phrases (except comprehensibility in reading), and in comprehensibility for untrained phrases in the imitation task, compared to the zero to two sessions group. A satisfaction questionnaire at post-test showed that 53.9% of participants felt the training had improved their pronunciation, and 79.5% were satisfied with the learning experience. The results suggest that a short karaoke training using familiar songs can effectively enhance second language pronunciation in adolescent learners