43569 research outputs found
Sort by
Clinical-epidemiological profile, and treatment response in relation to associated atopic comorbidity in atopic dermatitis. Experience from the BIOBADATOP registry
No full textArticle disponible en castellà: http://hdl.handle.net/10230/71243Background: Despite advances made in treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD), information on its impact and interaction with atopic comorbidities, such as asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and ocular disease is limited. This study aims to assess the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of patients with AD - treatment response included - while taking into consideration atopic comorbidities like these. Materials and methods: Data were analyzed from the multicenter BIOBADATOP registry (a prospective cohort of AD patients initiating systemic treatment). We conducted a descriptive analysis of the main characteristics collected in the registry in relation to atopic comorbidity. Results: We included a total of 509 patients, mostly adults (81.9%) with severe AD (73.7%). Patients with personal atopic comorbidity (64%) more frequently exhibited flexural dermatitis (89.7% vs. 81.5%), a higher mean of previous systemic treatments (1.6 vs. 1.3), and higher baseline values on the POEM scale (19.6 vs. 17.9). Patients with familial atopic comorbidity (40.7%) had a higher incidence of pediatric/adolescent patients (24.2% vs. 13.9%) and a history of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (61.1% vs. 47.1%). No differences regarding treatment response were observed at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups based on the presence or absence of atopic comorbidities. Conclusions: Results suggest that a history of atopic comorbidity is associated with an early onset and persistent course of AD. Although no differences were reported in the short-term treatment response, further follow-up is required to better understand the impact of comorbidities on AD
Local perceptions of spatial management indicate challenges and opportunities for effective zoning of sustainable-use protected areas in Brazil
No full textProtected areas (PAs) are widely applied conservation instruments. Often, they are also expected to help secure livelihoods of poor subsistence, small-scale producers, making the management of PAs often dependent on community support. The usefulness of analyzing the perceptions of PAs among local users to improve the effectiveness of PA management is increasingly recognized; however, there are few studies on spatial perceptions, for example, how users perceive the PA’s geographical boundaries or its zoning, and how these can be used in PA zoning. Here, we analyze how local stakeholders perceive two sustainable-use PAs on the Amazon coast, the changes they have brought about, and their current management. We identify and link the mental models of different user groups to formal conceptualizations of the PAs in legal instruments and identify mismatches related to what the PA means to local stakeholders and where it is located, which need to be considered when building a zoning plan. Because of the frequent research in our study area, we also discuss possible research fatigue in this region. We highlight the challenges and opportunities related to promoting spatial literacy and awareness-raising regarding PAs. We recommend adapting legal instruments to include diverse territorial representations and alternative management tools
L’ús del català en la restauració del districte 22@: actituds i conductes lingüístiques
No full textTutor: Carme Bach MartorellTreball de fi de grau en Llengües AplicadesLa manca de recerca sociolingüística en l’àmbit de la restauració mitjançant una metodologia observacional ha fet que aquest treball es proposi analitzar l’ús del català en l’àmbit de la restauració del districte 22@, al barri del Poblenou de Barcelona, una zona marcada per la innovació i la diversitat sociolingüística i que, per tant, presenta una realitat demolingüística complexa. L’objectiu principal és esbrinar fins a quin punt el català és present en el sector de la restauració en el dia a dia, tant en llengua oral com en llengua escrita, i quins factors en condicionen l’ús. Per fer-ho, s’ha combinat l’observació directa a establiments, enquestes a clients i entrevistes semiestructurades a treballadors i responsables de restaurants, amb una anàlisi qualitativa i quantitativa de les dades. Els resultats mostren, tal com plantejava la hipòtesi de partida, una presència escrita del català sovint superficial i uns usos orals encara menys freqüents, mentre que el castellà i l’anglès ocupen una posició predominant en l’atenció al públic. El perfil del personal, la manca d’exigència lingüística per part dels responsables i la submissió lingüística de molts clients catalanoparlants són factors i conductes lingüístiques que expliquen en gran part aquesta situació en detriment del català. Es demostra que, malgrat el marc legal favorable, el català no es percep com a llengua habitual de relació.La poca investigación sociolingüística en el ámbito de la restauración mediante una metodología observacional ha hecho que este trabajo se proponga analizar el uso del catalán en el ámbito de la restauración del distrito 22@, situado en el barrio del Poblenou de Barcelona, una zona marcada por la innovación y la diversidad sociolingüística y que, por lo tanto, presenta una realidad demolingüística compleja. El objetivo principal es averiguar hasta qué punto el catalán es presente en el sector de la restauración en el día a día, tanto en lengua oral como en lengua escrita, así como los factores que condicionan su uso. Para hacerlo, se han combinado la observación directa en establecimientos, encuestas a clientes y entrevistas semiestructurades a trabajadores y responsables de
restaurantes, con un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de los datos. Los resultados muestran, tal como planteaba la hipótesis de partida, una presencia escrita del catalán a menudo superficial y unos usos orales todavía menos frecuentes, mientras que el castellano y el inglés ocupan una posición predominante en la atención al público. El perfil del personal, la carencia de exigencia lingüística por parte de los responsables y la sumisión lingüística de muchos clientes catalanohablantes son factores y conductas lingüísticas que explican en gran parte esta situación en detrimento del catalán. Se
demuestra que, a pesar del marco legal favorable, el catalán no se percibe como lengua habitual de relación.The lack of sociolinguistic research in the field of catering by means of an observational methodology has led this study to analyse the use of Catalan in the catering sector in the 22@ district, located in the Poblenou district of Barcelona, an area marked by innovation and sociolinguistic diversity and which, therefore, presents a complex demolinguistic reality. The main objective is to find out to what extent Catalan is present in the catering sector daily, both in spoken and written language, as well as the factors that condition its use. To do this, direct observation in establishments, customer surveys and semi-structured interviews with restaurant workers and managers were combined with a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data.
The results show, as the initial hypothesis suggested, an often superficial written presence of Catalan and even less frequent oral uses, while Spanish and English occupy a predominant position in customer service. The profile of the staff, the lack of linguistic demand on the part of the managers and the linguistic submission of many Catalan speaking customers are factors and linguistic behaviours that largely explain this situation to the detriment of Catalan. It shows that, despite the favourable legal framework, Catalan is not perceived as a common language of relations
Trends in antimicrobial consumption in tertiary care hospitals in Costa Rica from 2017 to 2021: a comparative analysis of defined daily doses per 100 bed days and per 100 discharges
No full textBackground: Antimicrobial consumption (AMC) data in Latin America are scarce and usually spread out across different sources used to make AMC calculations, making it difficult to both standardize and compare regions through similar time frames. The main objective was to analyze AMC trends in Social Security tertiary care hospitals in Costa Rica in the period spanning January 2017 to December 2021, using both the defined daily dose (DDD)/100 bed days and DDD/100 discharges. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of antimicrobial consumption. Global consumption trends were calculated and expressed as DDD/100 bed days and DDD/100 discharges. Trends in antimicrobial consumption were analyzed using a simple linear regression model to determine potential differences in antimicrobial usage throughout the study's duration. Results: A statistically significant increase in the consumption expressed in DDD/100 discharges was observed in the following groups: carbapenems, 7.6% (trend: 64.68, p < 0.0001), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: 12.6% (trend: 16.45, p < 0.0001), quinolones 9.4% (trend: 36.80, p = 0.02), vancomycin 2.0% (trend: 16.30, p = 0.03), echinocandins: 6.0% (trend: 15.17, p = 0.01) and azole antifungals: 12.10% (trend: 102.05, p < 0.0001). Additionally, a statistically significant increase of 10.30% in the consumption of azole antifungals expressed in DDD/100 bed days was observed (p = 0.0008). In contrast, a statistically significant decrease in consumption, expressed in DDD/100 discharges, was identified for cephalosporins -6.0% (p < 0.0001) and macrolides -16.5% (p < 0.0001). Macrolides also showed a downward trend in consumption, as expressed in DDD/100 bed days (-14.3%, p < 0.0001). According to World Health Organization (WHO) access, watch and reserve (AWaRe) classification trend analysis, only the reserve group showed a statistically significant upward change of 9.2% (p = 0.016). Conclusions: This five-year analysis demonstrated trends over time in overall antimicrobial consumption measured in DDD/100 bed days and DDD/100 discharge rates that correlate. In general, for all antimicrobials, after the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP), a downward trend is reported; in contrast, during the COVID-19 pandemic the AMC shows a general upward trend. The comparison between DDD/100 bed days and DDD/100 discharges allows for complementary comparisons to be made regarding antimicrobial exposure in a clinical setting
Deepfakes, AI, and the Law: summary
No full textThe social phenomenon we broadly call ‘disinformation’ has multiple faces. The most common is fake news, a term as old as information itself, which monarchies and religious authorities were already concerned about and pursuing in the 16th century.
The globalization of news dissemination—primarily due to the invention of the World Wide Web in the 1990s, followed by the popularization of social media (today, a primary source of infor-mation for citizens, networks and platforms often reluctant to provide authorship or provenance data for what they publish)—and finally, the widespread use of artificial intelligence (starting in 2022, as an article by Wachter, Mittelstadt, and Russell states, it is doubtful that LLM systems have any obligation to tell the truth)1 have exponentially increased exposure to false, biased, or malicious content. The legal response to this is neither sim-ple nor internationally harmonized.It is a result of the ongoing research projects Newsnet: “Impact of artificial intelligence and algorithms on online media, journalists and audiences” (PID2022-138391OB-I00) and “Automated counter narratives against misinformation and hate speech for journalists and social media” (TED2021-130810B-C22), funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain and the European Commission NextGeneration EU/PRTR
Peñón de la Zorra
No full textEste trabajo se ha desarrollado y financiado en el marco del proyecto de I+D+i PID2020-115956GB-I00 Origen y conformación del Bronce Valenciano, concedido por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades del Gobierno de España
The youth gender gap in support for the far right
No full textData de publicació electrònica: 24-03-2025The 2024 European Parliament election showcased a surprising new trend. While progressive parties have traditionally done well among younger voters, it was far-right parties that enjoyed unprecedented electoral support among young voters in the 2024 EP elections. Analyzing data from the European Election Studies (EES) 2024, covering 27 countries and almost 25,000 voters, this paper shows that there is a sizable gender gap in voting for the far right. The electoral success of far-right parties among young voters is primarily driven by the support of young men, peaking at over 21% of all young men in 2024 compared to only about 14% among women of the same age cohort. Descriptive analyses from the EES shows that this gap can partially be explained by attitudinal differences, with young women holding more socially progressive views than young men. Age-Period-Cohort models based on EES data covering eight elections from 1989 to 2024 further reveal that this gender gap is greatest for Millennials and Generation Z. Since political attitudes and voting behaviour during the formative years may have a long-lasting effect on voting patterns and attitudes later in life, our findings have important implications for the future of European democracies
Ressenya: Pablo ORTEGA-DEL-CERRO: La Escuadra de Asia. Guerra, comercio e información en el ocaso de la primera edad global (1795-1803), Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 2023, 211 pp., ISBN 978-84-00-11153-3
No full textReseña de Pablo ORTEGA-DEL-CERRO: La Escuadra de Asia. Guerra, comercio e información en el ocaso de la primera edad global (1795-1803), Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 2023, 211 pp., ISBN 978-84-00-11153-3
"In public space, the naked body is still explosive:" how photographer Spencer Tunick won and lost the fight to work on New York's streets
No full textThis article examines renowned yet controversial American photographer Spencer Tunick, whose work has led to numerous arrests, a high profile court-case and finally, success abroad. Spencer Tunick's photographic works, which he calls installations, have brought him great renown, but his work was and continues to be hazardous, exposing the unstable rules about art and nudity in public space. Masses of naked bodies populate his works, standing up, lying down, painted blue, lifted up, holding hands, in public spaces all over the world. Tunick is not interested in sexualised imagery: the boundaries he wants to push against are political. Ironically, it was his high-profile court-case win in 2000 to photograph a group of nude persons outdoors in New York that led to increased censorship, and 'more fortuitously' to international success. Using archival records, interviews (by the author) with Tunick and reflections on the interactions between photography, the law, morality and public space, this article delves into the New York quality of Tunick's work, which is both timelessly aesthetic and highly topical and political