43569 research outputs found
Sort by
Effectiveness of STEMI networks with out-of-hospital triage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textIntroduction and objectives: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) is recommended for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Countries have designed various STEMI network models to optimize out-of-hospital triage, timely treatment, and patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of STEMI network implementation including out-of-hospital triage in improving STEMI case-fatality and long-term mortality, and its effect on the proportion of patients presenting with heart failure, their ischemia time, and time to pPCI. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases covering January 2000 to December 2023, study selection, and data extraction were completed by 3 independent reviewers. Results: A total of 32 articles were selected. STEMI network implementation with out-of-hospital triage was associated with reductions of 35% in case-fatality (95%CI, -23% to -45%), 27% in long-term mortality (95%CI, -22% to -32%), and in the proportion of patients with Killip III-IV at admission, ischemia, time and time to pPCI (-17%, 95%CI, -35% +6%; -19%, 95%CI, -6% to -31%; -33%, 95%CI, -16% to -47%, respectively). Networks based on emergency transport systems and those involving the entire health system, including primary care centers and hospitals without pPCI capabilities, showed similar effectiveness. Greater effectiveness was observed in urban vs rural areas and high-income vs middle- and low-income countries. Conclusions: The implementation of out-of-hospital triage-based STEMI networks is effective in reducing STEMI case-fatality and long-term mortality, independently of the geographic and socioeconomic conditions of the region. Participation of the emergency transport system is the key element of successful networks
Sistemas para la ideación y el análisis de sitios web
No full textEl capítol defineix el lloc web com una entitat en evolució contínua i un procés dinàmic que transcorre per tres etapes: la preweb (planificació i ideació), la web (gestió i operació) i la postweb (anàlisi i millora). S'emfatitza que l'èxit d'un projecte depèn de la integració de diverses disciplines com l'arquitectura de la informació, la usabilitat i el disseny gràfic sota una visió estratègica.
Els punts principals inclouen: Ideació Estratègica: Es presenta el WebSite Canvas Model (WSCM) com una eina sintètica i visual per identificar els 14 elements clau de l'estratègia d'un lloc web. Aquest model permet consensuar aspectes com la proposta de valor, el model d'ingressos, l'estratègia SEO i el benchmarking abans del desenvolupament; Especificació de Requeriments (ER): Un cop definida l'estratègia, cal detallar els requeriments funcionals (accions del sistema) i tècnics (com el tipus de CMS o el nivell d'accessibilitat WCAG) per garantir un desenvolupament eficient; Eines de Disseny: El capítol descriu l'ús de wireframes per definir la jerarquia i funcionalitat, mockups per a la representació visual (color, tipografia) i prototips per avaluar la interacció abans de la producció final; Sistemes d'Anàlisi de Qualitat. S'exposen diverses metodologies per jutjar el valor i la utilitat dels llocs web en funcionament, com el Sistema Articulat d'Anàlisi de Cibermitjans (SAAC) o l'Índex de Qualitat Web (ICW), aplicables a sectors com el turisme, la banca o el comerç electrònic. En conclolu que la qualitat tècnica per si sola no garanteix l'èxit; és imprescindible que el lloc web estigui alineat amb els objectius estratègics i el model de negoci de l'organització propietària
Applied pharmacogenetics to predict response to treatment of first psychotic episode: study protocol
No full textThe application of personalized medicine in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) requires tools for classifying patients according to their response to treatment, considering both treatment efficacy and toxicity. However, several limitations have hindered its translation into clinical practice. Here, we describe the rationale, aims and methodology of Applied Pharmacogenetics to Predict Response to Treatment of First Psychotic Episode (the FarmaPRED-PEP project), which aims to develop and validate predictive algorithms to classify FEP patients according to their response to antipsychotics, thereby allowing the most appropriate treatment strategy to be selected. These predictors will integrate, through machine learning techniques, pharmacogenetic (measured as polygenic risk scores) and epigenetic data together with clinical, sociodemographic, environmental, and neuroanatomical data. To do this, the FarmaPRED-PEP project will use data from two already recruited cohorts: the PEPS cohort from the "Genotype-Phenotype Interaction and Environment. Application to a Predictive Model in First Psychotic Episodes" study (the PEPs study from the Spanish abbreviation) (N=335) and the PAFIP cohort from "Clinical Program on Early Phases of Psychosis" (PAFIP from the Spanish abbreviation) (N = 350). These cohorts will be used to create the predictor, which will then be validated in a new cohort, the FarmaPRED cohort (N = 300). The FarmaPRED-PEP project has been designed to overcome several of the limitations identified in pharmacogenetic studies in psychiatry: (1) the sample size; (2) the phenotype heterogeneity and its definition; (3) the complexity of the phenotype and (4) the gender perspective. The global reach of the FarmaPRED-PEP project is to facilitate the effective deployment of precision medicine in national health systems
La Divina comèdia de Josep Maria de Sagarra el context històric i la traducció
No full textLa traducció de la Divina comèdia de Josep Maria de Sagarra (publicada parcialment a La Veu de Catalunya entre 1935 i 1936, i sencera en edició de bibliòfil entre 1947 i 1951) es considera una fita en la història de la literatura catalana perquè Sagarra és l’únic traductor, després del medieval Andreu Febrer, capaç de produir una traducció completa i de qualitat, bastida segons les exigències literàries de l’època, de l’obra cabdal de Dante Alighieri. Des del punt de vista traductològic, aquest text és interessant, d’una banda, perquè s’han conservat dues versions dels primers vint-i-vuit cants del poema, en les quals el traductor no segueix els mateixos criteris; i, d’altra banda, perquè Sagarra valora i justifica certes solucions seves a les postil·les que acompanyen cada cant. Aquesta recerca ajuda a tenir una visió més completa de la traducció i del seu funcionament en la cultura receptora, així com una comprensió més profunda de l’escriptor-traductor, perquè la situa exactament en el context històric en què va ser publicada i n’estudia les característiques textuals. Des del punt de vista contextual, en aquest treball es descriu en termes generals la carrera literària de Josep Maria de Sagarra com a traductor i s’estudien les traduccions de la Divina comèdia anteriors a la sagarriana (d’Antoni Bulbena, Antoni d’Espona, Narcís Verdaguer i Callís i Llorenç de Balanzó). A més, se situa d’una manera exacta la publicació de la traducció, descrivint la relació entre el traductor i els agents culturals —especialment la relació amb el mecenes Francesc Cambó, i la correcció que va fer-ne Joan Baptista Solervicens— i resseguint la recepció que va tenir a l’època, ja sigui en forma d’article periodístic, lectura en veu alta, presentació pública o distribució de l’edició. Des del punt de vista textual, s’identifiquen les fonts —edicions del text, comentaris i traduccions— de les quals parteix Sagarra i es recullen les valoracions que fa, ja sigui del text original com de la seva traducció. Finalment, a partir de la comparació de les dues versions que es conserven, es fa un estudi de la versificació i del grau de seguiment de la normativa fabriana, i, comparant la traducció amb el text original, se’n donen les característiques principals a partir de les solucions més recurrents en el text.La traduzione della Divina commedia di Josep Maria de Sagarra (pubblicata in parte in La Veu de Catalunya tra il 1935 e il 1936, e integralmente in un’edizione per bibliofili tra il 1947 e il 1951) è considerata una pietra miliare nella storia della letteratura catalana perché Sagarra è l’unico traduttore, dopo Andreu Febrer, in grado di realizzare una traduzione completa e di qualità, strutturata secondo le esigenze letterarie dell’epoca, del capolavoro di Dante Alighieri. Dal punto di vista traduttologico, questo testo è interessante, da un lato, perché si sono conservate due versioni per i primi ventotto canti del poema, in cui il traduttore non segue gli stessi criteri; dall’altro, perché Sagarra valuta e giustifica alcune sue soluzioni nelle postille che accompagnano ciascun canto. La presente ricerca aiuta ad avere una visione più completa della traduzione e del suo funzionamento nella cultura ricevente, nonché una comprensione più profonda dello scrittore-traduttore, poiché la colloca esattamente nel contesto storico in cui è stata pubblicata e ne studia le caratteristiche testuali. Da un punto di vista contestuale, questo lavoro descrive in termini generali la carriera letteraria di Josep Maria de Sagarra come traduttore e studia le traduzioni della Divina commedia anteriori a quella sagarriana (di Antoni d’Espona, Narcís Verdaguer i Callís e Llorenç de Balanzó). Inoltre, permette di situare con precisione la pubblicazione della traduzione, descrivendo il rapporto tra il traduttore e gli agenti culturali — in particolare il rapporto con il mecenate Francesc Cambó e la correzione effettuata da Joan Baptista Solervicens — e ripercorrendo l’accoglienza ricevuta all’epoca, sotto forma di articolo di giornale, lettura ad alta voce, presentazione pubblica o distribuzione dell’edizione. Dal punto di vista testuale, vengono identificate le fonti — edizioni del testo, commenti e traduzioni — da cui Sagarra attinge e vengono raccolte le sue valutazioni, sia del testo originale che della sua stessa traduzione. Infine, sulla base del confronto tra le due versioni pervenute, vengono studiati la versificazione e il grado di rispetto delle norme di Fabra; e in base al confronto fra la traduzione e il testo originale, vengono riportate le principali caratteristiche della traduzione partendo dalle soluzioni più ricorrenti nel testo.La traducción de la Divina comedia de Josep Maria de Sagarra (publicada parcialmente en La Veu de Catalunya entre 1935 y 1936, e íntegramente en edición de bibliófilo entre 1947 y 1951) se considera un hito en la historia de la literatura catalana porque Sagarra es el único traductor, después del medieval Andreu Febrer, capaz de producir una traducción completa y de calidad, construida según las exigencias literarias de la época, de la obra principal de Dante Alighieri. Desde el punto de vista traductológico, este texto es interesante, por un lado, porque se han conservado dos versiones de los primeros veintiocho cantos del poema, en las que el traductor no sigue los mismos criterios; y, por otra parte, porque Sagarra valora y justifica ciertas soluciones de su texto en las postilas que acompañan cada canto. Esta investigación ayuda a tener una visión más completa de la traducción y de su funcionamiento en la cultura receptora, así como una comprensión más profunda del escritor-traductor, porque la sitúa exactamente en el contexto histórico en el que fue publicada y estudia sus características textuales. Desde el punto de vista contextual, en este trabajo se describe en términos generales la carrera literaria de Josep Maria de Sagarra como traductor y se estudian las traducciones de la Divina comedia anteriores a la suya (de Antoni Bulbena, Antoni d’Espona, Narcís Verdaguer i Callís y Llorenç de Balanzó). Además, se sitúa de una forma exacta la publicación de la traducción, describiendo la relación entre el traductor y los agentes culturales —especialmente la relación con el mecenas Francesc Cambó, y la corrección que le hizo Joan Baptista Solervicens— y recorriendo la recepción que tuvo en la época, ya sea en forma de artículo periodístico, lectura en voz alta, presentación pública o distribución de la edición. Desde el punto de vista textual, se identifican las fuentes —ediciones del texto, comentarios y traducciones— de las que parte Sagarra y se recogen sus valoraciones sobre texto original y sobre su traducción. Finalmente, a partir de la comparación de las dos versiones que se conservan, se hace un estudio de la versificación y del grado de seguimiento de la normativa fabriana, y, comparando la traducción con el texto original, se dan las características principales a partir de las soluciones más recurrentes en el texto.Josep Maria de Segarra’s translation of the Divine Comedy (partially published in La Veu de Catalunya from 1935 and 1936 and totally printed in a limited edition from 1947 and 1951) is considered a historical milestone in the Catalan literature. Not only is Sagarra a unique translator who is able to produce a complete and well-developed translation of Dante Alighieri’s masterpiece (after medieval poet Andreu Febrer), but he is also able to take into account the different literary thoroughness from Dante’s period. From a translational point of view, this is an interesting text for two main reasons: on the one hand, because the two versions from the first twenty-eight canti of the poem are maintained but the translator does not follow the same criteria and, on the other, because Sagarra values and judges different solutions to the commentary notes in each canto. The forthcoming research aims at having a more accurate translation and at considering its use in the target culture. It also focuses on a deeper analysis of the writer-translator, since it is exactly placed in the historical context in which it was published and its textual features are analysed in detail. From a contextual viewpoint, this study describes Josep Maria de Sagarra’s literary career as a translator and it also tackles different translations of the Divine Comedy previous to Sagarra (the ones from Antoni Bulbena, Antoni d’Espona, Narcís Verdaguer i Callís and Llorenç de Balanzó). Furthermore, the forthcoming work deals with the exact setting the translation was actually published and it also describes the relationship between the translator and his cultural brokers—especially his patron connection with Francesc Cambó and the stylistic and spelling proofread Joan Baptista Solervicens gave Sagarra from his translation. Finally, the research traces the reception it had at the time, either in the form of a newspaper article, reading it aloud, public presentations or delivering the edition. From a textual perspective, the upcoming work aims at identifying the different sources, such as text editions, commentaries on it and other translations, from which Sagarra starts to translate the Divine Comedy and at collecting his judgments about it, either the original text or his translation. Finally, after comparing both versions from the Divine Comedy which are preserved, a study is carried out in order to check the versification and the way Fabra’s language standardization is applied to Sagarra’s translation. Apart from that, it also compares Sagarra’s translation to the original text and the main features are provided based on the most recurring strategies throughout the text.Programa de Doctorat en Traducció i Ciències del Llenguatg
An international perspective on inflation during the COVID-19 recovery
No full textThis chapter examines the global inflation surge that accompanied the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the role of international factors. It attributes the inflation primarily to a global scarcity of tradable goods, driven by supply chain disruptions and increased demand for manufactured goods. The chapter introduces a conceptual framework to understand the international transmission of inflation and explores the spillovers from monetary interventions by central banks worldwide. It also discusses the potential benefits of international monetary policy cooperation. Additionally, the chapter provides a historical perspective by comparing the post-pandemic inflation with past inflationary episodes, such as the high inflation of the 1970s and periods of global deflation following the Great Depression and the 2008 financial crisis
Molecular evolution and network-level analysis of the N-glycosylation metabolic pathway across primates
No full textN-glycosylation is one of the most important forms of protein modification, serving key biological functions in multicellular organisms. N-glycans at the cell surface mediate the interaction between cells and the surrounding matrix and may act as pathogen receptors, making the genes responsible for their synthesis good candidates to show signatures of adaptation to different pathogen environments. Here, we study the forces that shaped the evolution of the genes involved in the synthesis of the N-glycans during the divergence of primates within the framework of their functional network. We have found that, despite their function of producing glycan repertoires capable of evading rapidly evolving pathogens, genes involved in the synthesis of the glycans are highly conserved, and no signals of positive selection have been detected within the time of divergence of primates. This suggests strong functional constraints as the main force driving their evolution. We studied the strength of the purifying selection acting on the genes in relation to the network structure considering the position of each gene along the pathway, its connectivity, and the rates of evolution in neighboring genes. We found a strong and highly significant negative correlation between the strength of purifying selection and the connectivity of each gene, indicating that genes encoding for highly connected enzymes evolve slower and thus are subject to stronger selective constraints. This result confirms that network topology does shape the evolution of the genes and that the connectivity within metabolic pathways and networks plays a major role in constraining evolutionary rates.This research was funded by grants SAF2007-63171 and BFU2010-19443 (subprogram BMC) awarded by Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (Spain) and by the Direcció General de Recerca, Generalitat de Catalunya (Grup de Recerca Consolidat 2009 SGR 1101)
Analysis of circulating RNAs for the early detection of complex diseases using liquid biopsy
No full textRNA is a molecule that is released by the different tissues into the circulation. When it is found in the circulation it is called cell-free RNA (cfRNA). This type of molecule has great potential as a noninvasive biomarker as it can be found in plasma and can be applied to multiple diseases. Here we have shown that using cfRNA and circulating miRNAs with RNA-seq and machine learning we can obtain diagnostic signatures for two different diseases: pediatric cerebellar atrophy and colorectal cancer. Moreover, we have optimized the plasma cfRNA processing protocol so it could be used for future biomarker discovery studies. This study has paved the way for future research using cfRNA, as we have standardized and optimized all of the steps of the plasma cfRNA processing pipeline as well as implemented multiple quality control steps to ensure the optimal quality of the samples.L'ARN és una molècula que s’allibera a la circulació per múltiples teixits. Quan es troba a la circulació s'anomena ARN lliure de cèl·lules (cfRNA). Aquest tipus de molècula té un gran potencial com a biomarcador no invasiu, ja que es pot trobar al plasma i es pot aplicar a múltiples malalties. En aquest estudi hem demostrat que utilitzant cfRNA i miRNAs circulants amb RNA-seq i aprenentatge automàtic podem obtenir firmes diagnòstiques per a dues malalties diferents: atròfia cerebel·losa pediàtrica i càncer colorectal. A més, hem optimitzat el protocol de processament de cfRNA de plasma perquè es pugui utilitzar per a futurs estudis de descobriment de biomarcadors. Aquest estudi ha obert el camí per a futures investigacions amb cfRNA, ja que hem estandarditzat i optimitzat tots els passos del processament de cfRNA de plasma i hem implementat múltiples passos de control de qualitat per garantir la òptima qualitat de les mostres.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
De Joan Maragall a Eugeni d'Ors: cultura i política de la recepció de Noruega a Catalunya al voltant del 1900
No full textAquest article ofereix una aproximació de la recepció de Noruega a Catalunya al voltant del 1900. Durant les darreres dècades s'han publicat alguns treballs sobre l'interès pels països nòrdics a Catalunya al tombant del segle XX, però han estat sempre fragmentaris des del punt de vista disciplinari. S'ha estudiat la fascinació pel teatre d'Ibsen a la Barcelona de finals del segle XIX i també s'ha assenyalat Noruega com un dels models polítics de Catalunya després de la independència de 1905. Tanmateix, les discussions sobre els vessants cultural i polític d'aquesta recepció sempre s'han dut a terme per separat. L'article qüestiona aquesta separació disciplinària tot inspirant-se en aproximacions recents al paper de la cultura en el desenvolupament i configuració d'ideologies polítiques en la història. El text també fa una contribució als debats actuals sobre el paper de les perifèries europees com a creadores de modernitat i més concretament sobre la possibilitat de transferència d'aquesta modernitat de perifèria a perifèria
The rain Rogation Khutba: a case study of the reciprocal relationship between Islamic ritual and religious speech
No full textJournalistic self-regulation for equality: the role of gender editing in Spain
No full textDespite journalisms commitment to ethical principles such as accuracy, humanity and diversity, compliance with the gender perspective in content is still minimal in approximately one hundred countries. This inequality reinforces misperceptions, imbalances, and perceived differences between men and women. To address this situation, from 2010 to 2021, eight Spanish media companies appointed a new editorial position responsible for self-regulating gender equality. This qualitative study focused on 10 journalists who currently exercise or have exercised that job, to detect, describe and propose the implementation of this new professional role. This study suggests that gender editing has advanced equality in parity of sourcing and the presence of women in the opinion sections, but implementation of equality in overall content is more difficult. Gender editors' daily work is hampered by a lack of management support and an absence of independence in editorial decisions