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Optimising anonymity in CSCL: comparing collaboration between identified and anonymous-to-peers login modes
No full textMost research on anonymity in computer-supported collaborative learning, which has reported both positive and negative outcomes, largely focuses on a fully anonymous login mode. In this context, further research is necessary to finetune the approach to the ‘login mode’ to optimise the potential benefits while mitigating the drawbacks. This study tests a subtle variation in this mode by which messages remain anonymous to peers (APM) but not to the teacher. We designed a quasi-experimental study with an analysis of the conversations and preferences of first-year university students (N = 109), conducted by employing content analysis of the log data and a post-task questionnaire. We conclude that APM is more productive in terms of participation and discussion oriented to content than in a completely anonymous mode. Additionally, a content analysis of the discussion messages focused on'off task'messages has been performed aiming to enhance comprehension of their nature, impact on social interactions, and the patterns associated with their use. The outcome of this analysis has resulted in a first attempt at a taxonomy that enhances the understanding of the APM and its impact on social interactions in CSCL environments.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work was supported in part by PID2020-112584RB-C33, PID2023-146692OB-C33, CEX2021-001195-M funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and SGR 00930, the Ramón y Cajal programme (P. Santos) and ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme (D. Hernández-Leo, Serra Hunter)
Les dones a la Catalunya de finals del XVIII: una aproximació a partir d'articles de premsa i impresos
No full textTreball de Fi de Màster en Història del Món. Curs 2024-2025Tutor: Joaquim Albareda i SalvadóEl present treball tracta sobre les dones catalanes de finals del segle XVIII. Primerament, en la introducció, s’explica el que va suposar el moviment filosòfic de la Il·lustració en un marc europeu, posant èmfasi en el cas de França, per la seva proximitat geogràfica i cultural amb Catalunya. Alhora, es presenten els diferents canvis socials, polítics i econòmics de la Catalunya del XVIII, els quals són rellevants per entendre la importància de les dones. Posteriorment, a partir de les fonts utilitzades s’exposa la diferència entre gènere i sexe durant l’època moderna i la polèmica dels sexes. Es remarca l’activitat econòmica de les dones, la qual augmenta notablement en diversos àmbits, especialment en el cas de les zones de protoindústria o de les puntes de coixí. També s’exposen les diferents estratègies de subsistència que realitzaven les dones i les famílies per enfrontar la pobresa. Finalment, es tracten diferents aspectes del marc jurídic en relació amb les dones, centrant-nos en els conflictes matrimonials, les separacions i els divorcis, que van augmentar considerablement a finals del XVIII. Tot plegat indica que les dones van tenir els seus espais de llibertat i un paper actiu en la societat catalana de la segona meitat del segle XVIII
Joint multi-view RGB optimization for clothed 3D avatar reconstruction
No full textTreball fi de màster de: Master in Intelligent Interactive SystemsTutor: Vicenç Gómez i Cerdà
Supervisor: Rafael Redondo TejedorThe creation of high fidelity 3D human avatars from images is a central challenge in computer vision, with wide ranging applications in virtual reality, gaming, and telepresence. However, state-of-the-art single-view reconstruction methods are inherently limited by self occlusion and viewpoint ambiguity, often resulting in geometrically inaccurate or incomplete models, especially for subjects with complex clothing.
This thesis introduces ExECON, a novel pipeline for avatar reconstruction. Our method extends ECON, a state-of-the-art framework that uses a single front-view RGB image, by leveraging sparse multi-view RGB inputs for improved robustness and geometry accuracy. The cornerstone of ExECON is a proposed multi-view algorithm, named Joint Multi-view Body Optimization (JMBO), which optimizes a single, canonical SMPL-X body model across all available viewpoints simultaneously. This multi-view consistent body prior then serves as a more accurate foundation for a subsequent detailed surface reconstruction stage, which leverages real front and back views to improve both body pose and clothing geometry. The efficacy of JMBO has been demonstrated through experimental validation. The multi-stage approach is critical for achieving global consistency, which significantly improves key pose and geometric quality metrics. An end to end evaluation of the final reconstructed avatars reveals substantial quantitative enhancements. The over all geometric error is reduced by nearly 65% compared to the single-view baseline. Qualitative results show that the method successfully reconstructs challenging loose clothing geometries, such as hoodies, which are a common failure case for single view systems. Our work demonstrates that establishing a multi-view geometrically consistent body prior and using it to guide the surface reconstruction can resolve the critical ambiguities of single-view methods, producing more accurate and complete 3D human avatars
The pathway of unconventional protein secretion involves CUPS and a modified trans-Golgi network
No full textCompartment for unconventional protein secretion (CUPS), a compartment for secretion of signal sequence-lacking proteins, forms through COPI-independent extraction of membranes from early Golgi cisternae, lacks Golgi-specific glycosyltransferases, and requires phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) for biogenesis, as well as phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate for stability. Our findings demonstrate that Drs2, a PI4P effector from the trans-Golgi network (TGN), is essential for CUPS formation, specifically through its interaction with Rcy1, and Rcy1 is crucial for the unconventional secretion. Using 4D super-resolution confocal live imaging microscopy, we observed that CUPS interact with a modified TGN that contains Drs2 in addition to proteins Tlg2 and Snc2, which are necessary for membrane fusion. Notably, while CUPS remain stable, the modified TGN undergoes remodeling during the later stages of unconventional secretion. In summary, we suggest that CUPS and the modified TGN, without the function of COPII and COPI, participate in collecting and sorting unconventionally secreted proteins, reflecting the role of Golgi membranes in receiving cargo from the ER during conventional secretion.This work was funded by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BFU2013-44188-P and BFU2016_75372-P to V. Malhotra) and by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP17H06420 and JP18H05275 to A. Nakano and K. Kurokawa). We acknowledge support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness to the European Molecular Biology Laboratory partnership, the Programmes “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2013-2017” (SEV-2012-0208 & SEV-2013-0347), and the Centres de Recerca de Catalunya Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. This work reflects only the authors’ views, and the EU Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Open Access funding provided by the Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Singing voice accompaniment data augmentation with generative models
No full textSinging voice transcription is a key task in Music Information Retrieval (MIR) that focuses on identifying sung notes within a music audio segment. Advancing state-of-theart methods in this area relies heavily on high-quality data, yet annotating such data is resource-intensive and requires musical expertise. In genres like pop music, data sharing is further complicated by copyright and distribution limitations. In this paper, we refine a recently proposed data augmentation technique that leverages AI-generated music audio to address these data-related challenges. Specifically, we create musical accompaniments for vocals with known target notes, enabling the generation of new mixes that retain the original piece’s harmony while introducing substantial audio variation. Our cross-dataset experiments reveal that using harmony-matched mixes improves generalization, though performance remains below that achieved by training with additional real data
Electrical source imaging and intracranial recordings in epilepsy: a prospective concordance study
No full textIntroduction: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder affecting a significant portion of the population (prevalence of 1%). Approximately one-third of epilepsy patients exhibit drug resistance, posing challenges for effective management. In this context, both focal and generalized drug-resistant epilepsies (DRE) require specialized evaluation and treatment approaches. Patients with focal DRE can benefit from resective epilepsy surgery. A critical step in this process involves thorough presurgical evaluation. Key components include and may involve: 1. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Structural brain imaging to identify potential epileptogenic lesions; 2. Neuropsychological Testing (NPS): Assessing cognitive function and identifying brain regions associated with language, memory, and other functions; 3. Video-EEG (video-electroencephalography) Monitoring: Recording brain activity during seizures to pinpoint the seizure onset zone (SOZ); 4. Functional Neuroimaging: In selected cases, additional imaging techniques (such as 18FDG-PET or SPECT scans) may be necessary to map brain epileptogenic regions. 5. Intracranial Recordings: Invasive intracranial electrode monitoring to precisely localize the epileptogenic focus. For patients with generalized DRE, palliative techniques can provide relief. These approaches aim to reduce seizure frequency and improve quality of life (Noachtar & Borggraefe, 2009). While surgical resection may not be feasible for generalized epilepsies, other interventions (such as vagus nerve stimulation, ketogenic diets, and responsive neurostimulation) can be considered.
Electrical Source Imaging (ESI) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique used to localize the sources of electrical activity in the brain, particularly useful in the study of epilepsy. It involves recording electrical signals from the scalp using electroencephalography (EEG) and applying advanced mathematical algorithms, such as inverse solutions, to estimate the spatial origin of the brain's electrical activity. This method helps clinicians to localize the SOZ or other brain regions involved in pathological activity, contributing to the diagnosis, presurgical evaluation, and treatment planning for patients with epilepsy and other neurological disorders. ESI typically integrates EEG data with anatomical information from MRI scans, improving its accuracy by mapping the electrical sources onto the patient's specific brain anatomy.
Over recent years, software packages like BESA® and CURRY® have emerged for ESI. These tools utilize scalp EEG and/or MEG data to localize the epileptogenic tissue. ESI assists in identifying critical regions, including the interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) zone and the SOZ. It aids in developing precise resection hypotheses. Recent research has explored combined techniques, such as simultaneous EEG, magnetoencephalography (MEG) (Grova et al., 2016; Murakami et al., 2016), and intracranial recordings. However, ESI alone has not undergone rigorous testing with exclusive electrical data and intracranial recordings to validate dipole localization using intracerebral electrodes.
The primary goal of this doctoral thesis project is to rigorously assess the accuracy of interictal ESI of IEDs in conjunction with stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). By validating the dipole generator localization, we aim to enhance our understanding of epileptogenic networks and improve presurgical planning. In summary, advancements in evaluation techniques and innovative imaging tools offer hope for better outcomes in epilepsy management. This research contributes to our ongoing efforts to optimize patient care and surgical decision-making.
Objective: The primary goal of this study was to assess the concordance between two critical approaches in epilepsy research and diagnosis: ESI of the main cluster of IEDs and intracranial recordings (specifically SEEG). We also aimed to investigate the clinical utility of the main cluster of IEDs during the presurgical evaluation of DRE, to integrate it with direct cortical stimulation (DCS) during SEEG, and to compare it with functional neuroimaging techniques like 18 FDG-PET. By integrating these methods, we aim to enhance our understanding of epileptogenic networks and improve patient care.
Materials and methods
Participants: This study enrolled 33 patients diagnosed with DRE studied with simultaneous SEEG+ESI. The assessments were conducted at the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) of Hospital del Mar. By combining these techniques, we aim to improve our understanding of the networks involved in epilepsy and enhance clinical decision-making for this challenging patient population.
Methods: After initial evaluations in the outpatient clinic, patients underwent detailed assessments, including MRI, NPS testing, and video-EEG. A specific group of these patients then received additional diagnostic procedures, such as 18FDG-PET, ictal/interictal SPECT integrated with MRI (SISCOM), functional MRI, Wada tests, and voxel-based morphometry (VBM). ESI was also conducted for these patients, and its findings were compared with other neuroimaging results. The clinical relevance of the primary cluster of IEDs was evaluated. A subset of these patients was further examined using simultaneous SEEG+ESI and DCS. The outcomes of these tests were analyzed using Cohen’s Kappa index and contingency tables and by comparing postsurgical outcomes based on the Engel Class. The effectiveness of ESI in identifying the primary cluster of IEDs during presurgical assessments was further explored and compared to the results from 18FDG-PET.
Study design: Prospective cohort study followed by a retrospective review to assess the concordance and distribution of IEDs related to other neuroimaging modalities using the Cramer´s V, the agreement between ESI of IEDs and SEEG using validity measures, Cohen’s Kappa index and ROC curves, the utility of the DCS during SEEG using validity measures, and the clinical utility of the main cluster of IEDs during presurgical evaluation of DRE in comparison to 18FDG-PET scan. This investigation holds significant implications for advancing our understanding of epileptogenic networks and optimizing patient care.
Results
We demonstrated concordance between IEDs, as captured by ESI, and results from established imaging modalities such as MRI, 18FDG-PET, and SISCOM. This concordance was statistically significant, underscoring the value of ESI in aligning with and validating the findings from these traditional methods. We validated the precision of localization in mathematical models like Standardized Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (SLORETA) and Standardized Weighted Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (SWLORETA). These methods showed high concordance rates with MRI and functional imaging, emphasizing their reliability in pinpointing epileptogenic zones (EZ). This precision is crucial for accurately targeting therapeutic interventions in epilepsy treatment. The utility of ESI in surgical planning was another significant aspect of this thesis. We showed how ESI's capability to localize the main cluster of IEDs plays a vital role in delineating the EZ. The integration of ESI with SEEG was explored, which provided a more comprehensive understanding of the EZ. The highest Cohen’s Kappa Index was found between interictal ESI of IEDs for the Local Autoregressive Average (LAURA). Also,we found that the Standardized Shrinking Loreta Focuss (SSLOFO) and Classical Loreta Analysis Recursively Applied (CLARA) to be the most specific inverse solutions for detecting contacts involved in IEDs generation compared to SEEG. In this sense, LAURA, SWLORETA and SLORETA displayed the best ROC curves for detecting contacts without IEDs. This combination of non-invasive and invasive techniques proved optimal for enhancing surgical outcomes by offering a detailed view of the epileptic network. This work also assessed the added value of interictal ESI compared to 18FDG-PET. The findings indicated that while 18FDG-PET effectively identifies hypometabolic regions, ESI frequently includes the main cluster of IEDs within these regions. However, in some patients, the main cluster of IEDs, as demonstrated with SEEG, and later demonstrated with ESI, was localized out of the hypometabolic region. This highlights ESI's additional benefit in bridging the gap between metabolic and electrical abnormalities in the brain. Finally, the impact of ESI on surgical outcomes was rigorously evaluated, focusing on the utility of the main cluster of IEDs in the presurgical evaluation of patients with DRE. The precise localization and subsequent resection of these zones, as identified by ESI and localized with SEEG, were associated with transitioning patients to Engel Class Ia, indicating a successful surgical outcome with the patients achieving seizure freedom.
Relevance
Interpreting EEG results, considered the gold standard test for epilepsy diagnosis, can be intricate, especially in patients with DRE. To address this challenge, ESI employs various strategies to tackle the EEG inverse problem. The EEG inverse problem involves localizing the electro-anatomical brain source responsible for the in the scalp recorded electrical signals. ESI meticulously analyzes EEG data, considering multiple factors such as electrode placement, head geometry, and conductivity, to unravel the hidden sources. SEEG is the new gold standard and has recently emerged as the gold standard for intracranial recordings. SEEG involves implanting depth electrodes directly into the brain tissue, providing unparalleled spatial resolution. These electrodes capture neural activity at precise locations. Clinicians rely on SEEG to map the EZ, guiding treatment decisions and surgical planning. Testing ESI with SEEG complements SEEG by offering a non-invasive perspective. Integrating ESI with intracranial recordings could significantly enhance our understanding of epileptogenic tissue localization. By combining these modalities, we bridge the gap between surface EEG and deep intracranial recordings, refining our ability to pinpoint the elusive source of seizures.
Clinical implications and future directions:
The development of robust electrical source localization using intracranial recordings holds immense promise. In the presurgical workup of DRE patients evaluated for surgery, ESI can aid in designing implantation schemes and refining resection hypotheses. Collaborative efforts between ESI and SEEG pave the way for personalized treatment strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes. In summary, the synergy between ESI and SEEG empowers clinicians to navigate the intricate neural landscape, unraveling the mysteries of DRE.Introduccion: La epilepsia es un trastorno neurológico prevalente que afecta a una parte significativa de la población (prevalencia del 1%). Aproximadamente un tercio de los pacientes con epilepsia presentan resistencia a los fármacos, lo que plantea desafíos para su manejo efectivo. En este contexto, tanto las epilepsias focales como generalizadas resistentes a fármacos (DRE) requieren enfoques especializados de evaluación y tratamiento. Los pacientes con DRE focal pueden beneficiarse de la cirugía resectiva de epilepsia. Un paso crítico en este proceso implica una evaluación prequirúrgica exhaustiva. Los componentes clave incluyen: Resonancia Magnética (MRI): Imágenes estructurales del cerebro para identificar posibles lesiones epileptogénicas. Pruebas Neuropsicológicas (NPS): Evaluación de la función cognitiva e identificación de regiones cerebrales asociadas con el lenguaje, la memoria y otras funciones. Video-EEG: Registro de la actividad cerebral durante las crisis para localizar la zona de inicio de las crisis (SOZ). Neuroimagen Funcional: En casos seleccionados, pueden ser necesarias técnicas de imagen adicionales (como 18FDG-PET o SPECT) para mapear regiones cerebrales epileptogénicas. Registros Intracraneales: Monitoreo invasivo con electrodos intracraneales para localizar con precisión el foco epileptogénico. En los pacientes con DRE generalizada, las técnicas paliativas pueden proporcionar alivio, reduciendo la frecuencia de las crisis y mejorando la calidad de vida (Noachtar & Borggraefe, 2009). Si bien la resección quirúrgica puede no ser factible para estas epilepsias, se pueden considerar otras intervenciones como la estimulación del nervio vago, dietas cetogénicas y neuroestimulación responsiva. Electrical Source Imaging (ESI): ESI es una técnica de neuroimagen no invasiva utilizada para localizar las fuentes de actividad eléctrica en el cerebro, especialmente útil en el estudio de la epilepsia. Consiste en registrar señales eléctricas del cuero cabelludo mediante electroencefalografía (EEG) y aplicar algoritmos matemáticos avanzados, como soluciones inversas, para estimar el origen espacial de la actividad eléctrica cerebral. Este método ayuda a los clínicos a localizar la SOZ u otras regiones cerebrales implicadas en la actividad patológica, contribuyendo al diagnóstico, la evaluación prequirúrgica y la planificación del tratamiento. En los últimos años, se han desarrollado paquetes de software como BESA® y CURRY® para ESI, que integran datos de EEG y/o MEG para localizar tejido epileptogénico. ESI ayuda a identificar regiones críticas, incluida la zona de descargas epileptiformes interictales (IEDs) y la SOZ, y desarrolla hipótesis precisas de resección. Este método, combinado con técnicas como registros intracraneales, ha mostrado potencial para mejorar la planificación quirúrgica y los resultados en el tratamiento de la epilepsia.
Resumen: El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la concordancia entre ESI del principal grupo de IEDs y los registros intracraneales (específicamente SEEG). También se investigó la utilidad clínica del principal grupo de IEDs durante la evaluación prequirúrgica de DRE, integrándolo con la estimulación cortical directa (DCS) durante SEEG y comparándolo con técnicas de neuroimagen funcional como 18FDG-PET.
Materiales y métodos:
Participantes: Se incluyeron 33 pacientes con DRE estudiados con SEEG+ESI simultáneos, evaluados en la unidad de monitoreo de epilepsia (EMU) del Hospital del Mar.
Métodos: Los pacientes fueron sometidos a evaluaciones detalladas que incluyeron MRI, NPS, y video-EEG. Un subgrupo recibió procedimientos adicionales como 18FDG-PET, SPECT ictal/interictal integrado con MRI (SISCOM), fMRI, pruebas de Wada, y morfometría basada en vóxel (VBM). Se realizó ESI para estos pacientes y sus hallazgos se compararon con otros resultados de neuroimagen. La relevancia clínica del grupo principal de IEDs se evaluó en comparación con resultados quirúrgicos basados en la Clasificación de Engel.
Diseńo del estudio: Estudio prospectivo de cohortes seguido de una revisión retrospectiva para evaluar la concordancia y distribución de IEDs relacionadas con otras modalidades de neuroimagen, utilizando medidas de validez, índice de Kappa de Cohen y curvas ROC.
Resultados:
Se demostró concordancia estadísticamente significativa entre los IEDs capturados por ESI y los resultados de métodos de imagen tradicionales como MRI, 18FDG-PET y SISCOM. ESI mostró utilidad en la planificación quirúrgica al localizar con precisión la zona epileptogénica (EZ). Las técnicas de localización matemática como SLORETA y SWLORETA mostraron altas tasas de concordancia con MRI y neuroimagen funcional.
Relevancia clinica y futura direcciones:
La integración de ESI con SEEG representa una combinación poderosa para comprender redes epileptogénicas y personalizar estrategias de tratamiento, optimizando los resultados quirúrgicos y mejorando el cuidado del paciente.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
Interplay between lifestyle factors and polygenic risk for incident coronary heart disease in a large multiethnic cohort
No full textIntroduction: The objective of this study was to examine the interplay of polygenic risk and individual lifestyle factors (and a composite score of lifestyle) as antecedents of CHD in a large multiethnic cohort. Methods: We used Genetic Epidemiology Resource in Adult Health and Aging (GERA) cohort participants free of CHD at baseline (n = 60,568; 67 % female; 18 % non-European). The individual and joint associations of smoking, Mediterranean diet pattern, level of physical activity and polygenic risk with incident CHD were assessed using Cox regression adjusting for genetic ancestry and non-mediating risk factors. Hazard ratios (HRs) and number needed to treat (NNT) were estimated according to these lifestyle factors and polygenic risk categories. Strengths included large sample size, long-follow-up, ethnic diversity, a clinically-validated polygenic risk score (PRS), and rich phenotype information. Results: After 14 years of follow-up, there were 3159 incident CHD events. We observed no statistically significant interactions between individual lifestyle factors and polygenic risk (all p > 0.23). For individuals with a high genetic risk, moving from the worse lifestyle combination (no favorable lifestyle factors) to the best lifestyle combination (all three) is associated with 52 % lower rate of CHD. The NNT was highest in the low polygenic risk group (34), lowest in the high polygenic risk group [19] and in-between (Jin et al., 2011) [24] in the intermediate polygenic risk group. Conclusions: Lifestyle and polygenic risk together influence the risk of incident CHD. Our results support consideration of polygenic risk in lifestyle interventions because those with high polygenic risk are likely to derive the most benefit
Risk, determinants, and persistence of long-COVID in a population-based cohort study in Catalonia
No full textBackground: Long-COVID has mostly been investigated in clinical settings. We aimed to assess the risk, subtypes, persistence, and determinants of long-COVID in a prospective population-based study of adults with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Catalonia. Methods: We examined 2764 infected individuals from a population-based cohort (COVICAT) established before the pandemic and followed up three times across the pandemic (2020, 2021, 2023). We assessed immunoglobulin (Ig)G levels against SARS-CoV-2, clinical, vaccination, sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors. Long-COVID risk and subtypes were defined based on participant-reported symptoms and electronic health records. We identified a total of 647 long-COVID cases and compared them with 2117 infected individuals without the condition. Results: Between 2021 and 2023, 23% of infected subjects developed long-COVID symptoms. In 56% of long-COVID cases in 2021, symptoms persisted for 2 years. Long-COVID presented clinically in three subtypes, mild neuromuscular, mild respiratory, and severe multi-organ. The latter was associated with persistent long-COVID. Risk was higher among females, participants under 50 years, of low socioeconomic status, severe COVID-19 infection, elevated pre-vaccination IgG levels, obesity, and prior chronic disease, particularly asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mental health conditions. A lower risk was associated to pre-infection vaccination, infection after omicron became the dominant variant, higher physical activity levels, and sleeping 6-8 h. Vaccination during the 3 months post-infection was also protective against long-COVID. Conclusions: Long-COVID persisted for up to 2 years in half of the cases, and risk was influenced by multiple factors.We acknowledge support from the Horizon Europe END-VOC (grant agreement no. 101046314), Spanish Ministry of Science & Innovation (PID2019-110810RB-I00 grant); the Spanish State Research Agency and Ministry of Science and Innovation through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023” Program (CEX2018-000806-S), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI17/01555, PI18/01512), the La MaratoTV3 Foundation (167/C/2021), the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program and the Fundació Privada Daniel Bravo Andreu; Xavier Farré is supported by VEIS project (001-P-001647, co-funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). G.M. is supported by RYC 2020–029886-I/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033, co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF). We acknowledge support from the grant CEX2023-0001290-S funded by MCIN/AEI/ https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033, and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program
Estudi qualitatiu sobre l'impacte de la migranya en dones adultes de Barcelona
No full textTreball de fi de grau d'Infermeria
Tutora: Montserrat Sanclemente DalmauIntroducció i justificació: La migranya és una patologia neurològica prevalent, amb un impacte clarament superior en les dones, tant per la seva freqüència com per la intensitat del dolor i les repercussions emocionals i socials que comporta. Tot i els avenços clínics, la mirada biomèdica sovint deixa de banda l’experiència subjectiva de les pacients. Aquest treball posa el focus en aquestes vivències, amb l’objectiu de visibilitzar la càrrega invisible que arrosseguen moltes dones i promoure un abordatge més humà i integral per part de la infermeria i del sistema sanitari en general.
Objectius: L’objectiu principal és interpretar l’impacte de la migranya en la vida diària de les dones que la pateixen. Específicament, s’exploren les experiències emocionals vinculades al dolor crònic, les estratègies d’afrontament que desenvolupen, i les barreres i facilitadors que troben en el seu entorn, inclòs l’àmbit sanitari.
Mètodes: Es planteja un estudi qualitatiu amb grups focals formats per dones diagnosticades de migranya crònica residents a Barcelona. Per a la captació de participants es preveu la col·laboració amb l’Associació Espanyola de Migranya i Cefalea (AEMICE). Les dades es recolliran mitjançant enregistraments de les sessions i se sotmetran a una anàlisi temàtica amb codificació sistemàtica i revisió subjectiva.
Resultats esperats i discussió: Es preveu identificar vivències compartides que ajudin a comprendre millor com conviuen les dones amb la migranya, com aquesta afecta la seva identitat i la seva qualitat de vida, i com poden millorar-se els circuits d’atenció des de la proximitat i l’empatia.
Conclusions: Aquest treball vol ser una aportació que doni veu a les dones amb migranya i que impulsi canvis reals en la manera d’entendre i acompanyar aquesta condició des de la pràctica infermera.Introduction and Justification: Migraine is a prevalent neurological condition that disproportionately affects women, both in terms of frequency and in the emotional and social burden it entails. Despite clinical advances, the biomedical perspective often overlooks the subjective experience of those who live with the condition. This project focuses on these lived experiences, aiming to shed light on the invisible weight many women carry and to promote a more compassionate and holistic approach, particularly within nursing and the healthcare system.
Objectives: The main objective is to interpret the impact of chronic migraine on the daily lives of affected women. Specifically, the study explores the emotional experiences associated with chronic pain, the coping strategies women develop, and the barriers and facilitators they encounter in their environment, including healthcare settings.
Methods: A qualitative study is proposed, using focus groups composed of women diagnosed with chronic migraine and residing in Barcelona. Participant recruitment is expected to take place in collaboration with AEMICE (Spanish Association of Migraines and Headaches). Data will be collected through recorded sessions and analysed thematically using a systematic coding process and intersubjective review.
Expected Results and Discussion: The study aims to identify shared experiences that can provide deeper insight into how women live with migraine, how it shapes their identities and quality of life, and how healthcare services might better respond to their needs through empathy and active listening.
Conclusions: This project seeks to give voice to women with migraine and contribute to real change in how this condition is understood and addressed in nursing practice. It also calls for future research to explore the emotional and social dimensions of migraine in greater depth
Conditional environmentalism of right-wing populism in power: ideology and/or opportunities?
No full textThis study focuses on right-wing populists (RWP) in power and their discourses and policy preferences on environmental issues. Through a content and frame analysis of electoral manifestos, party communication and semi-structured, in-depth interviews with party representatives, this paper examines whether ideological or contextual factors (political opportunities) determine RWP positioning on the environment. By focusing on the only three cases in Europe of RWP in government in a prominent position, i.e. alone or as a major coalition partner (also representing key ideological varieties of RWP), Law and Justice - PiS in Poland; Fidesz in Hungary and Lega in Italy, this study shows that ideological positions (and especially differences) are less important in determining RWP environmental discourses than are opportunities and institutionalization. Moreover, we also find that the shared features across these actors reflect a conditional, 'yes-but' environmentalism of these parties, embedded in the discourse of ecological modernization and oppositional, Manichean framing