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PCAPFunnel: A Tool for Rapid Exploration of Packet Capture Files
Get PDFAnalyzing network traffic is one of the fundamental tasks in both network operations and security incident analysis. Despite the immense efforts in workflow automation, an ample portion of the work still relies on manual data exploration and analytical insights by domain specialists. Current state-of-the-art network analysis tools provide high flexibility at the expense of usability and have a steep learning curve. Recent---often web-based---analytical tools emphasize interactive visualizations and provide simple user interfaces but only limited analytical support. This paper describes the tool that supports the analytical work of network and security operators. We introduce typical user tasks and requirements. We also present the filtering funnel metaphor for exploring packet capture (PCAP) files through visualizations of linked filter steps. We have created PCAPFunnel, a novel tool that improves the user experience and speeds up packet capture data analysis. The tool provides an overview of the communication, intuitive data filtering, and details of individual network nodes and connections between them. The qualitative usability study with nine domain experts confirmed the usability and usefulness of our approach for the initial data exploration in a wide range of tasks and usage scenarios, from educational purposes to exploratory network data analysis.Analyzing network traffic is one of the fundamental tasks in both network operations and security incident analysis. Despite the immense efforts in workflow automation, an ample portion of the work still relies on manual data exploration and analytical insights by domain specialists. Current state-of-the-art network analysis tools provide high flexibility at the expense of usability and have a steep learning curve. Recent--often web-based--analytical tools emphasize interactive visualizations and provide simple user interfaces but only limited analytical support. This paper describes the tool that supports the analytical work of network and security operators. We introduce typical user tasks and requirements. We also present the filtering funnel metaphor for exploring packet capture (PCAP) files through visualizations of linked filter steps. We have created PCAPFunnel, a novel tool that improves the user experience and speeds up packet capture data analysis. The tool provides an overview of the communication, intuitive data filtering, and details of individual network nodes and connections between them. The qualitative usability study with nine domain experts confirmed the usability and usefulness of our approach for the initial data exploration in a wide range of tasks and usage scenarios, from educational purposes to exploratory network data analysis
Dictionaries in the European Enlightenment: a testimony to the civilization of its time and the foundations of modern Europe
Get PDFThe text presents a plan for an international and multidisciplinary research project that is under preparation now and which is looking for collaborators from other universities or research centers. It aims to investigate the role that played monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual dictionaries published in the 18th century in the constitution of modern Europe as we know it now. It is well known that in the 18th century there appeared many dictionaries in various European countries. These dictionaries were mainly monolingual but there appeared many bilingual or plurilingual ones as well. They had a wide range of functions: linguistic (to write and understand texts), but also symbolic, representing the development and the level of civilization and prestige that a given language of culture had in times previous to 19th-century European linguistic nationalisms. Another aspect is text-oriented and text-based: the 18th-century dictionaries used to be built on relatively large sources of contemporary texts and they reflected the level of knowledge in various subjects. Therefore, they can be considered testimonies of contemporary linguistic thinking and the applied linguistics, but at the same time, they resume the development of science, legal thought, political science, etc., illustrating how knowledge spread in the Enlightenment at the international level. The project seeks to unite researchers dedicated to the linguistic historiography of philologies of European languages, historians of natural sciences, law, and social and political history, among other disciplines. It aims to offer a map of the intellectual and political globalization that began to take place in the 18th century as it is reflected in its dictionaries. The project currently counts with a small group of researchers from linguistic historiography of Romance languages. Researchers of the historiography of other European philologies are welcome and needed, and so are historians of natural and social sciences specialized in the 18th century. The main aim of the project is to stop working in parallel, horizontal and vertical, tunnels and to form a network, necessary for this type of transdisciplinary research
The EU as a Choice : Populist and Technocratic Narratives of the EU in the Brexit Referendum Campaign
Get PDFThe article investigates the main populist and technocratic narratives employed in the campaign in the run-up to the 2016 British EU referendum. Based on a qualitative dataset comprising 40 selected speeches, interviews and other public interventions by prominent Leave and Remain protagonists and adopting the general orientation of the Discourse Historical Approach in Critical Discourse Analysis, the paper discusses how the language of the Remain and Leave camps bore signs of both populist and technocratic discourses. The key argument developed in this article is that while, at the most general level, the populist rhetoric was discursively appropriated by the Leave campaign (with the key narratives of the EU as a failure, EU as an oppressor and of anti-establishment fury) and the technocratic rhetoric by the Remain campaign (with the key narratives of the EU as a tool, the single market benefits and the withdrawal economic effects), the Remain side displayed a lower degree of narrative consistency
Súčasné možnosti lokálnej liečby rekurentného karcinómu nosohltana
Get PDFLokálne recidivujúci karcinóm nosohltana (recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, rNPC) v klinickej praxi predstavuje náročnú terapeutickú výzvu. Vzhľadom na zraniteľnosť predliečených kritických neurologických štruktúr, ktoré sú anatomicky v tesnom kontakte s nosohltanom, každá potenciálne kuratívna možnosť (chirurgická liečba, reiradiácia) so sebou prináša nezanedbateľné riziko závažných komplikácií, ktoré môžu viesť k vysokej morbidite spojenej s liečbou a k zhoršeniu kvality života pacienta. Pri pozornej selekcii je však možné dosiahnuť dlhodobé prežívanie v podskupine pacientov s rNPC. Včasná detekcia recidívy je kľúčom k terapeutickému úspechu a v prípade skorého záchytu ochorenia tak možno pacientovi ponúknuť niekoľko terapeutických možností s kuratívnym zámerom; i keď s minimálnou oporou prospektívnych klinických dát. Cieľom tohto prehľadového článku je sumarizácia aktuálne dostupných dôkazov o modernej chirurgickej liečbe a reiradiácii rNPC. Oba prístupy boli vedecky skúmané, zatiaľ však neexistuje konsenzus o jednoznačnej preferencii konkrétneho typu záchrannej liečby. Definitívne rozhodnutie o liečebnom postupe je tak do značnej miery závislé od dostupnosti špecifických operačných techník alebo techník rádioterapie v rámci jednotlivých pracovísk.Locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) represents a challenging therapeutic scenario in the clinical practice. Due to the vulnerability of the heavily pretreated neurological structures anatomically surrounding the nasopharynx, any potentially curative treatment option (surgery, reirradiation) bears a significant risk of severe complications that may lead to a high treatment-related morbidity and quality of life deterioration. Yet with careful patient selection, long-term survival can be achieved in a subset of patients with rNPC. Early detection of the recurrence is crucial for the therapeutic success and in the case of early detection of the disease, the patient can be offered several treatment options with a curative intention; albeit with minimal support in prospective clinical data. The aim of this review is to summarize the currently available evidence on modern surgical treatment and reirradiation of rNPC. Both approaches have been scientifically explored, yet there is no consensus on a definitive preference of a particular type of salvage treatment. The final decision-making on the treatment approach is largely dependent on the availability of the particular surgical or reirradiation techniques across the institutions
Social Policy in the Face of a Global Pandemic : Policy Responses to the Covid-19 Crisis in Central and Eastern Europe
Get PDFThis article documents and compares the social policies that the governments in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) implemented to combat the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic by focusing on Hungary, Lithuania, Poland and Slovakia. Our findings show that governments in all four countries reacted to the COVID-19 crisis by providing extensive protection for jobs and enterprises. Differences arise when it comes to solidaristic policy responses to care for the most vulnerable population, in which CEE countries show great variation. We find that social policy responses to the first wave of COVID-19 have largely depended on precious social policy trajectories as well as the political situation of the country during the pandemic
Biomedicínske použitie 3D tlače
Get PDFRešeršný článok, ktorý sa zaoberá súhrnom informácii a konkrétnych príkladov o použití 3D technológie v medicíne, farmácii a zdravotníctve. V druhej časti sú rozobraté materiály, ktoré sú najčastejšie používané, ich výhody a limitácie.235 / 5000 Výsledky překladu A research article that deals with a summary of information and specific examples of the use of 3D technology in medicine, pharmacy and healthcare. In the second part, the materials that are most often used, their advantages and limitations are discussed
Comparison of the Evaluation of Performance Preconditions in Tennis with the Use of Equal and Expertly Judged Criteria Weights
Get PDFTennis performance is influenced by various factors, among which physical performance factors play an important role. The aim of the study was an analysis of possibilities of the use of Saaty’s method for assessing the level of performance prerequisites and comparing the results obtained using equal weights and various weights. The research on Czech female players (U12; n = 211) was based on the results of the TENDIAG1 test battery (9 items) and the results were processed by FuzzME software and relevant statistical methods (correlation coefficient r, Student´s t-test, effect size index d). The results of Saaty's method show that the most important athletic performance criteria for tennis coaches are the leg reaction time and the running speed, while the least important are endurance and strength. The evaluation using various criteria weights offers a finer scale for assessing athletes’ performance prerequisites despite the proven high degree of association between the results obtained with equal and various weights and the insignificant difference of mean values. The results have shown possibilities for the use of a fuzzy approach in sports practice and motivate further research towards broadening the structure or the number of evaluation criteria.Tennis performance is influenced by various factors, among which physical performance factors play an important role. The aim of the study was an analysis of possibilities of the use of Saaty’s method for assessing the level of performance prerequisites and comparing the results obtained using equal weights and various weights. The research on Czech female players (U12; n = 211) was based on the results of the TENDIAG1 test battery (9 items) and the results were processed by FuzzME software and relevant statistical methods (correlation coefficient r, Student´s t-test, effect size index d). The results of Saaty's method show that the most important athletic performance criteria for tennis coaches are the leg reaction time and the running speed, while the least important are endurance and strength. The evaluation using various criteria weights offers a finer scale for assessing athletes’ performance prerequisites despite the proven high degree of association between the results obtained with equal and various weights and the insignificant difference of mean values. The results have shown possibilities for the use of a fuzzy approach in sports practice and motivate further research towards broadening the structure or the number of evaluation criteria
Motivation and Achievement in English as a Foreign Language
Get PDFMotivation is a key factor connected with successful EFL learning and is a central focus of the current research. Motivation studies repeatedly show the connection ofmotivation to acquired EFL skills. They show that motivation differs based on gender, age, school type, and across countries. Our study analyses the level of students’ achievement motivation in EFL and its relationship to their grades and aspiration. The sample was constructed by using the probability sampling of lower secondary schools in the Czech region of South Moravia and consisted of 26 schools (i.e., 25 of 9th grade classes, 462 students). In this analysis, 324 students were included (172 female). The Achievement Motivation Questionnaire (Hrabal & Pavelková, 2010) was used, measuring the need for achievement (NfA, 7 items) and the need to avoid failure (NtAF, 7 items) on a 5-point response scale. The reported grade in English, receiving a final report card with honours, and aspiration to study at an upper secondary comprehensive school were measured by a questionnaire and analysed as dummy variables. Data analysis included logistic regression models computed in software R (glm function with probit specification). The need for achievement (NfA) in EFL was found to be a positive predictor and the need to avoid failure (NtAF) was found to be a negative predictor of student final grade in English, receiving a final reportcard with honours, and aspiration to study at an upper secondary comprehensive school. The effect of NfA on all three variables was, on average, lower for males than for females, and the effect of NtAF formales was, on average, higher. In accordance with previous studies, our findings confirm the relation between reported motivation in EFL and English achievement. Also, previous studies conclude that domain-specific instruments predict indicators of achievement in particular domains better than domain-general instruments (Michel et al., 2020). Our instrument measuring NfA and NtAF was successfully predicting not only English achievement, but also general learning achievement (i.e. receiving a final report card with honours) and aspiration to study at an elite upper secondary comprehensive school. Our further research will consider the scale usage differences among students by using the anchoring vignette method.Výzkumů motivace k učení se angličtině a jejího vztahu ke studijním výsledkům a aspiracím u českých žáků je málo. Tato studie si klade za cíl identifikovat vztah mezi úrovní výkonové motivace v angličtině a vybranými studijními výsledky a aspiracemi žáků. Výsledky dotazníkového šetření mezi žáky devátých ročníků základních škol (N = 324) ukazují, že potřeba úspěšného výkonu (PÚV) v angličtině je pozitivním prediktorem a potřeba vyhnutí se neúspěchu (PVN) v angličtině negativním prediktorem všech následujících indikátorů: známky z angličtiny na vysvědčení, získání vyznamenání, budoucí aspirace žáků studovat na g ymnáziu. Pro chlapce byl efekt PÚV na tyto indikátory v průměru nižší a naopak efekt PVN byl v průměru vyšší než pro dívky, nicméně v rámci regresní analýz y se ukázalo, že efekty nejsou statisticky signifikantní. Potvrzení těchto z jištění vyžaduje další výzkum, který by bral v úvahu rozdíly v užívání škál mezi žáky (např. skrze aplikaci metody ukotvujících vinět)
Výzkum názoru editorů českých biomedicínských časopisů na pravidla citování: pilotní studie
Get PDFÚčel – Víc jak 40 let se diskutuje otázka příčiny existence více citačních stylů. Cílem této pilotní studie bylo provést výzkum mezi českými biomedicínskými časopisy a jejich editory, jaké citační styly používají a jak důležité jsou pro ně údaje v citacích včetně jejich podoby a citačních metod. Design/metodologie/přístup – Na webech 185 českých biomedicínských časopisů byly vyhledány citační pokyny a expertní analýzou identifikovány používané citační styly a podle vzorů bibliografických citací požadované citační údaje. Formou dotazníkového šetření bylo osloveno 185 editorů českých biomedicínských časopisů za účelem zjištění, proč používají jiný citační styl než AMA, Vancouver/NLM a Uniform requirements a jak jsou důležité údaje v bibliografických citacích článku, knihy/kapitoly v knize a webové stránky a kterou preferují citační metodu. Výsledky – Ze 185 periodik styly AMA, NLM/Vancouver nebo Uniform requirements používá 16 časopisů a 34 v nějak modifikované úpravě. Ze 185 oslovených editorů 37 zodpovědělo první část dotazníku k údajům v citacích a 31 k citačním metodám. Podle nich je důležité vždy uvést autory, název článku/kapitoly, název časopisu/knihy a rok vydání. Ostatní údaje v citacích čtvrtina a více respondentů nepovažuje za důležité. Z citačních metod editoři preferují citation-seqence. Při srovnání názoru editorů a vzorů citací v jimi zastupovaných časopisech se ukázalo, že ani v jednom časopise požadované údaje neodpovídají názoru editora. Originalita/hodnota – Zatímco podle dosud publikovaných názorů jsou příčinou užívání více stylů místo standardizovaného rozdílné potřeby autorů a vydavatelů, tento pilotní výzkum odhalil možnost příčiny i v samotných standardizovaných stylech nedostatečně reflektujících reálnou praxi ve vědeckém publikování.Purpose – The cause of the existence of various citation styles has been discussed for more than 40 years. This pilot study aimed to examine Czech biomedical journals and their editors to find what citation style is recommended and editors’ bibliographic references and citation methods preferences. Design/Methodology/Approach – The research sample consisted of 185 Czech biomedical journals. Expert analysis was applied to identify citation styles used by the journals and a structure of bibliographic references. Then 185 editors were asked to fill a survey on reasons for using different citation styles than AMA, Vancouver/NLM or Uniform requirements and how important data is in bibliographic references of articles, books/chapters in books and websites. They were also asked for their citation method preferences. Results – From the 185 periodicals, AMA, NLM/Vancouver or Uniform requirements are used by 16 journals and in some modified form by 34 journals. From the 185 editors, 37 replied to the first part of the questionnaire on citation data and 31 on citation methods. According to them, authors, the title of the article/chapter, the title of the journal/book and the year of publication are the most important data in bibliographic references. However, a quarter or more respondents do not consider other data in references to be important and editors prefer citation-sequence as a citation method. Comparing the editors' opinion and the examples of references in their journals showed that none of the journals' reference data comply with the editor's opinion. Originality/Value – Formerly published studies declared a different need of authors and publishers as the main reason for using various citation styles instead of the standardized one. This pilot study brings a new view on Czech biomedical journal customs concerning references and suggests drawing attention to the fact that standardized styles may insufficiently reflect real practice in scientific publishing
Client’s complaints after seeing five psychotherapists : A case study
Get PDFWe will briefly describe a unique case of Mr. L who saw five therapists with whom he has attended eight psychological treatments altogether. A series of in-depth interviews were conducted to explore his copious negative experiences and complaints. The data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The results offer an insight into how these negative effects echo the patient’s basic issues that brought him to psychotherapy, resonating with Arkowitz and Lilienfeld’s thought that “people who seek psychotherapy for conditions that cause them serious distress often thwart the very help they seek.” However, we strived to carefully analyze how both the patient and his therapists could have contributed to the development of these negative experiences and ponder some implications for the therapeutic practice