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Replication Data for: Genome wide association study and linkage mapping dissect resistance to Fusarium stalk rot in tropical maize
No full textThe economically important post flowering stalk rot (PFSR) disease of maize known as Fusarium stalk rot (FSR) is caused by Fusarium verticillioides. A genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted with 342 maize lines for identification and validation of genomic regions associated with FSR resistance. The genotypic and phenotypic data used for the analysis are included in this dataset and the results are reported in the accompanying article
Conservation agriculture practices lead to diverse weed communities and higher maize grain yield in Southern Africa
No full textWeed development is one of the major constraints to cereal cropping systems in Southern Africa with potential severe crop losses. Understanding weed community responses to different conservation agriculture (CA) components (i.e., no-tillage, NT; crop rotation, R; and mulching, M) and/or their combinations is crucial in Southern Africa where farmers apply different combinations depending on local context. Here, for the first time, we assessed how weed density, community diversity and structure respond to different combinations of CA components [conventional tillage (CT), CT+M, CT+R, CT+M+R, NT, NT+M, NT+R, NT+M+R]. The study was carried out over three seasons at two locations with contrasting soil textures i.e., clayish, and sandy. At the sandy location, across seasons, weed density (number of individuals per unit area) and community diversity (distribution of individuals within the species) were significantly and positively affected by precipitation and not by cropping system. Weed richness (number of species) was affected by the interaction of season and cropping system, with the highest number of weed species being recorded in the NT+M+R system in the seasons with medium to high precipitation. At the clayish location, an opposite pattern was observed, and weed density was lower in seasons with medium-high precipitation than under low precipitation. Weed community diversity was 50 % higher under NT+M than under CT+R, whereas weed species richness decreased with the increase of precipitation. At both locations, the implementation of rotation and mulching either in NT or CT systems resulted in the modification of the structure of weed community with respect to CT and NT alone, and these CA combinations were associated with highest maize grain yield. Overall, eight weed species common to both locations were responsible for most of the community structure differences among cropping systems. Structural equation modelling showed that at the sandy location precipitation did not affect grain yield, but positively affected weed density, diversity, evenness, and richness. By contrast, at the clay location, precipitation positively affected grain yield, but did not modify weed density and evenness, and reduced weed community diversity and richness. At this location, weed density negatively affected grain yield. The differential weed-crop relationship supports the need to find a site-specific equilibrium between the control of weeds and the maintenance of their diversity
Maize experiment with increasing rates of nitrogen to develop a calibration for the GreenSeeker in Guanajuato
No full textThis experiments were established with different rates of nitrogen in order to generate a wide range of values for NDVI and grain yield in order to develop a calibration model for the GreenSeeker in Sinaloa
REMATTOOL-R
No full textREMATTOOL-R is a tool that helps breeders to visualize and assess the relationship between yield and several agronomic traits. Users can download the application, an abstract of the paper describing the application, and a sample dataset. The sample dataset includes maize field trial result means of an experiment from the Water Efficient Maize for Africa (WEMA) Project funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF, Grant # OPP1019943) and the Howard Buffet Foundation. The tabulated means are from data obtained from five locations across Kenya
Screening of Phalaris sp. against key herbicides
No full textScreening of Phalaris sp. against key herbicides. Most of the Phalaris biotypes showed varying degrees of tolerance to the tested herbicide
Evaluation of herbicides for weed control in maize in El Batán, México (2017)
No full textEffectiveness of 14 herbicides were compared during 2017 in El Batán, México. The results will be used to make recommendations to maize farmers for weed control
Wheat Blast Data for the 35th to 37th Semi-Arid Wheat Screening Nursery (SAWSN)
No full textWheat head blast index (%) data for the 35th to 37th SAWSN is presented. Field trials took place in Quirusillas and Okinawa (Bolivia) and Jashore (Bangladesh) during the 2018 to 2021 cycles. Two sowings were made in each location/cycle
39th Semi-Arid Wheat Screening Nursery
No full textThe Semi-Arid Wheat Screening Nursery (SAWSN) is a single replicate trial that contains diverse spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) germplasm adapted to low rainfall, drought prone, semi-arid environments typically receiving less than 500 mm of water available during the cropping cycle. CIMMYT's breeding approach attempts to combine high yield potential with drought resistance for ME4. The combination of water-use efficiency and water responsive traits plus yield potential is important in drought environments where rainfall is frequently erratic across years. When rains are significantly above average in certain years, the crop must respond appropriately (water responsive) with higher yields, while expressing resistance to the wider suite of diseases that appear under more favorable conditions. Constrains including leaf, stem and yellow rusts, and Septoria spp., Fusarium spp., Pyrenophora tritici-repentis tan spot, nematodes and root rots must be considered. It is distributed to 120 locations, and contains 150-250 entries
Fertility Maps of "Yecapixtla, Morelos".
No full textSoil sampling with 1x1 km grid in the agricultural area of the Yecapixtla Municipality at at 0 to 30 cm depth
Impact of long term conservation agriculture on soil quality under cereal based systems of North West India
No full textIndo Gangetic plains of India. Hence, we evaluated long-term (10 years) effect of conservation agriculture (CA)
practices on soil quality improvement under six different cropping scenarios (Sc), i.e. Sc1-represented by
transplanted puddled rice (TPR) followed by conventional tilled broadcasted wheat (CT-wheat) with residue
removal, Sc2-TPR rice followed by zero tillage (ZT) wheat and ZT-mung bean with partial residue retention, Sc3-
direct seeded rice (DSR) followed by ZT-wheat and ZT-mung bean with full residue retention, Sc4-DSR is
replaced by ZT-maize followed by ZT-wheat and ZT-mung bean, Sc5 and Sc6 were – Sc3 integrated with sub
surface drip irrigation (SDI) and Sc4 + SDI, respectively. Soil samples were collected from 0 to 5, 5–15 and
15–30 cm soil depth from each scenario after harvesting of wheat in 2019. Results showed that, reduction in bulk
density (BD), soil penetration resistance (SPR) and enhancement of water holding capacity and infiltration were
associated with CA based scenarios (Sc3–Sc6). Scenario 3 recorded lowest BD of 1.39 and 1.58 g cm 3 at 0–5 and
5–15 cm soil depth, respectively. CA based Sc6 recorded highest infiltration rate (1.48 cm hr 1) and lowest was
associated with Sc1 (0.5 cm hr 1). The enrichment of soil organic carbon (SOC) content, stock, available nitrogen
and potassium was mainly confined to upper surface soil layer (0–5 cm). The SOC content and stock in CA based
scenarios (average of Sc3 to Sc6) was 41–57 and 69–94% higher than Sc1 at 0–5 cm soil layer. Available nitrogen
was increased by 23–50 and 64–98% and available potassium increased by 13–28 and 42–71% in 0–5 and 5–15
cm soil depth, respectively in CA based scenarios over Sc1. Similarly, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and
dehydrogenase (DHA) activity in top soil layer under CA based scenarios was increased by 177–195 and
67–107% over Sc1, respectively. The maximum SQI was registered with Sc6 (0.91) followed by Sc4 (0.89) and
least was recorded in Sc1 (0.65) at 0–5 cm soil depth. Maize-wheat based cropping system recorded higher SQI
over rice–wheat based cropping system. Sustainable yield index was strongly related with key soil quality indicators
and also positively correlated with SQI. Thus our study suggests that CA based maize-wheat-mung bean
cropping system should be recommended for better soil quality and yield sustainability in North West India