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Fertility Maps of Coroneo, Guanajuato 2019.
No full textSoil sampling with 1x1 km grid in the agricultural area of the Coroneo Municipality at at 0 to 30 cm depth
Evaluation of different varieties of wheat, barley and triticale in Valle Altos (PV 2017)
No full textEvaluation of different varieties of barley, triticale and wheat in Valles Altos region during agricultural cycle spring-summer 201
Wheat Blast Data for the 8th to 12th Helminthosporium Leaf Blight Screening Nursery by the scientists
No full textWheat head blast index (%) data for the 8th to 12th HLBSN is presented. Field trials took place in Quirusillas and Okinawa (Bolivia) and Jashore (Bangladesh) during the 2018 to 2021 cycles. Two sowings were made in each location/cycle
Wheat Blast Data for the 50th to 52nd International Bread Wheat Screening Nursery
No full textWheat head blast index (%) data for the 50th to 52nd IBWSN is presented. Field trials took place in Quirusillas and Okinawa (Bolivia) and Jashore (Bangladesh) during the 2018 to 2021 cycles. Two sowings were made in each location/cycle
Maize experiment with increasing rates of nitrogen to develop a calibration for the GreenSeeker in Querétaro.
No full textThis experiments were established with different rates of nitrogen in order to generate a wide range of values for NDVI and grain yield in order to develop a calibration model for the GreenSeeker in Querétaro
Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia
No full textSouth Asia is a global hotspot for climate change with enormous pressure on land and water resources for feeding
the burgeoning population. The agricultural production systems are highly vulnerable in the region and is primarily
dominated by small and marginal farmers with intensive farming practices that had favored the loss of C
from soil. This review discusses the potential of soil and crop management practices such as minimum/reduced/
no-tillage, use of organic manure, balanced and integrated plant nutrient application, precision land levelling,
precision water and pest management, residue management and cropping system optimization to maintain the
C-equilibrium between soil and atmosphere and to enhance the C-sequestration in the long run. Results of metaanalysis
show a potential 36% increase in soil organic C stock in the top 0–15 cm layer in this region which
amounts to ∼18 Mg C stocks ha−1. Improved management practices across crops and environment may reduce
methane emission by 12% resulting in an 8% reduction in global warming potential (GWP), while nonsubmerged
condition led to a 51% GWP reduction in rice. Conservation agriculture and precision fertilization
also reduced GWP by 11 and 14%, respectively. Although several innovative climate resilient technologies having
significant potential for C-sequestration have been developed, there is an urgent need for their scaling and accelerated
adoption to increase soil C-sequestration. Policies and programs need to be devised for incentivizing
farmers to adopt more C-neutral or C-positive agricultural practices. The national governments and other agencies
should work towards carbon farming together with global initiatives such as the 4p1000 Initiative and
Global Soil Partnership, in addition to research and policy changes. This will be vital for the success of soil C sequestration
in South Asia
Fertility Maps of "Muna, Yucatán".
No full textSoil sampling with 1x1 km grid in the agricultural area of the Muna Municipality at at 0 to 30 cm depth
Effect of Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices on Climate Change Adaptation, Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Economic Efficiency of Rice-Wheat System in India
No full textConventional rice–wheat (RW) rotation in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of South Asia is
tillage, water, energy, and capital intensive. Coupled with these, crop residue burning contributes
significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and environmental pollution. So, to evaluate the
GHG mitigation potential of various climate-smart agricultural practices (CSAPs), an on-farm research
trial was conducted during 2014–2017 in Karnal, India. Six management scenarios (portfolios of practices),
namely, Sc1—business as usual (BAU)/conventional tillage (CT) without residue, Sc2—CT with
residue, Sc3—reduced tillage (RT)with residue + recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), Sc4—RT/zero
tillage (ZT) with residue + RDF, Sc5—ZT with residue + RDF + GreenSeeker + Tensiometer, and
Sc6—Sc5 + nutrient-expert tool, were included. The global warming potential (GWP) of the RW
system under CSAPs (Sc4, Sc5, and Sc6) and the improved BAU (Sc2 and Sc3) were 33–40% and
4–26% lower than BAU (7653 kg CO2 eq./ha/year), respectively. This reflects that CSAPs have the
potential to mitigate GWP by ~387 metric tons (Mt) CO2 eq./year from the 13.5 Mha RW system
of South Asia. Lower GWP under CSAPs resulted in 36–44% lower emission intensity (383 kg CO2
eq./Mg/year) compared to BAU (642 kg CO2 eq./Mg/year). Meanwhile, the N-factor productivity
and eco-efficiency of the RW system under CSAPs were 32–57% and 70–105% higher than BAU,
respectively, which reflects that CSAPs are more economically and environmentally sustainable than
BAU. The wheat yield obtained under various CSAPs was 0.62 Mg/ha and 0.84 Mg/ha higher than
BAU during normal and bad years (extreme weather events), respectively. Thus, it is evident that
CSAPs can cope better with climatic extremes than BAU. Therefore, a portfolio of CSAPs should be
promoted in RWbelts for more adaptation and climate change mitigation
Pest Dynamics under Conservation Agriculture based Cereal Systems of South Asia
No full textPests are the key yield limiting factors in agricultural production systems around the world. Their
population dynamics are shown to vary with the modifications in agro-ecosystem, cropping system and
management practices. Plentiful information is available on assessment of their seasonal population
fluctuations mainly due to abiotic factors in conventional tillage (CT) based cereal production systems.
However, while transitioning from CT based production systems to a more stable and ecologically
sustainable conservation agriculture (CA)- based systems, the pest dynamics particularly in relation to
biotic factors are not clearly understood. Therefore, we conducted a systematic study on pest dynamics
under long-term CA in major cropping systems of North-West Indo-Gangetic plains. In our study, crop
rotations, no-tillage and residue retention led to more diverse aerial and epigeic arthropod communities
which seemingly increased biological control of pests through predation by natural enemies, that
subsequently resulted in no significant increase of pests in the CA-based cereal systems. CA-based ricewheat
(RW) system had the highest insect diversity than respective CT system and maize-wheat (MW)
systems. In RW system, stem borers (+7.0% and -11.2%), leaf folders (15.6% and 4.8%), leafhoppers
(-2.9% and -3.6%) and grain sucking insects (0% and -2.0%) were observed at tillering and grain filling
stage, respectively under CA- based system compared to CT- system. Similarly, in MW system, stem
and silk borers (-14.8% and -14.0%), defoliators (-4.6% and -36.8%), beetles (-22.9% and -4.2%), shoot
fly (-9.2% and 0%) were recorded. The parasitoids and predators density under CA-based RW system
was about 20 folds at tillering stage and 3.5 folds at grain filling stage, while, under CA-based MW
system it was 6.4 times (at tillering stage) and 3.9 times (at grain filling stage) as compared to their CT
counterparts. The increased density of both aerial and epigeic beneficial arthropod diversity perhaps
yields in increased niche differentiation and consequently reduced herbivory in CA systems. The CA
systems naturally conserve and foster beneficial biodiversity that potentially helps mitigating the
populations of several detrimental arthropods by making production systems more amenable to
biocontrol
Water budgeting in conservation agriculture‑based sub‑surface drip irrigation in tropical maize using HYDRUS‑2D in South Asia
No full textIn water scarce regions of South Asia, diversification of rice with maize is being advocated towards
sustainability of cereal-based cropping systems. Adoption of innovative agronomic management
practices, i.e., conservation agriculture (CA) and sub-surface drip irrigation (SSDI) are considered
as key strategies for much needed interventions to address the challenges of water scarcity under
projected climate change. Benefits from CA and SSDI concerning water economy are well-established,
however, information about their complementarity and water budgeting in cereal-based systems are
lacking. A field study was conducted with process-based model (HYDRUS-2D) to understand water
transport, root water uptake and components of soil water balance in maize grown in rotation with
wheat after five years of continuous adoption of conservation agriculture. In this study, altogether
eight treatments comprising of 6 CA+ treatments (CA coupled with SSDI); permanent beds using
sub-surface drip (PB-SSD) with (WR) and without (WOR) crop residue at different N rates, 0, 120 and
150 kg N ha−
1 were compared with CA (PB using furrow irrigation-FI with crop residue-120 kg N ha−
1)
and conventional tillage practices (CT) (CT using FI without crop residue-120 kg N ha−
1). Results
showed that the model could simulate the daily changes in profile soil water content with reasonable
accuracy in all the treatments. Simulated soil water balance indicated higher cumulative root water
uptake (CRWU), lower cumulative evaporation (CE) and higher soil water retention in CA+ (PB-SSD+
crop residue at 150 and 120 kg N ha−
1) than CA and CT plots. Hydrus-2D model efficiency > 0, RMSE
between 0.009–0.026 and R2
value between 0.80–0.92 at P < 0.01 indicates that the model is
performing efficiently. The mean evaporation from CA+ treatments was 10 and 36% less than CA and
CT treatments, respectively. On average, CRWU under CA+ treatments were 14–48% higher than FI
treatments. The mean cumulative deep drainage in CA+ plots was 80–100 mm less than CA and CT
plots. In CA+ based plots significantly higher biomass production and radiation use efficiency were
observed with reduced water use than CA and CT. Therefore, the study justifies the water-saving
nature of CA+, while maintaining higher productivity and meeting the transpiration demand of crops
and halting unnecessary evaporation and deep drainage losses