International Journal of Environment, Engineering and Education
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Physico-Chemical and Heavy Metal Valences Reduction of Wastewater from The Beverage Industry by Fungi (Penicillium Sp)
Full text linkThis work aimed to characterize beverage wastewater generated in the beverage industry and to assess wastewater treatment plant performance by fungi (Penicillium sp.) and the feasibility of wastewater reuse. Freshly discharged beverage wastewater was collected and analyzed for the physicochemical parameters such as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Nitrate, Phosphate, Magnesium, Calcium, Iron, Copper, and Zinc by standard methods. At a 7-day interval, 190ml of the sterilized local dye wastewater was inoculated with Penicillium sp. for two weeks, and the physicochemical parameters were determined. The results observed for raw, bio-treated and removal efficiency showed: BOD (280 mg-1, 255 mg-1 , 108 mg-1 and 19.64 %, 61.43 %); COD (540 mg-1, 420 mg-1, 285 mg-1 and 43.75%, 88.13%); Nitrate (130 mg-1, 90 mg-1, 25 mg-1 and 30.77%, 80.77%); Phosphate (48 mg-1, 25 mg-1, 5 mg-1 and 30.91%, 78.18%); Calcium (55 mg-1, 38 mg-1, 12 mg-1 and 30.91%, 78.18%); Iron (29 mg-1, 18 mg-1, 07 mg-1 and 37.93 %, 75.86 %); Copper (0.09 mg-1, 0.07 mg-1, 0.02 mg-1 and 22.22 %, 77.78 %); Zinc (0.08, 0.06, 0.03 mg-1 and 22.5%). Fungi (Penicillium sp.) demonstrated the ability to remove pollutants and other wastes from beverage wastewater. These results indicate that some companies employing treatment methods for their effluents do not remove the parameters and heavy metals
Analysis of Traffic Violations and Accidents with Enforcement: A Study in Jimma Town
Full text linkThe level of enforcement of road traffic laws plays a significant role in reducing traffic accidents, especially pedestrians, who are more than a fifth of the 1.24 million people killed each year due to traffic accidents. For assessing traffic law enforcement, the registered traffic violation data for the years 2015-2017 were taken from the Traffic Police Department to describe the activities of traffic police personnel in enforcing traffic laws. The violations were categorized into four groups: -those related to driving, vehicle, parking, and others, and Traffic Law Enforcement into safety and other traffic law enforcement activities. The vehicles involved in the violations were categorized as cars, small load vehicles, motorcycles, Bajaj, etc. Traffic Police had registered 77 traffic law violations in the year 2015, 65 in the year 2016, and 86 in the year 2017. Driving violation was the highest registered violation in the three years, and it was slightly higher in 2017. The cars and small load vehicles categories were the highest registered vehicles in several violations within the three years. For motorized two-wheeled vehicles, the highest number of registered violations in the three years was the one related to driving. All vehicle-related and other violations were registered more commonly for cars in 2015 and 2016. Of the registered violations, the parking-related violation occurred only in 2017. Safety-related traffic law enforcement was 89.96% of the total traffic law enforcement activity
Accuracy Assessment of Unsupervised Land Use and Land Cover Classification Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems
Full text linkA significant tool for determining how accurate a categorization product is the accuracy assessment. Remote Sensing is one of the essential tools for compiling land use and land cover maps through image classification. The availability of high-quality Landsat imagery and secondary data, an accurate classification technique, and the user's knowledge and competence with the procedures essential to the image classification process. Assess the satellite image classification suitability for further mapping and analysis through accuracy assessments. This paper examined land use and land cover classification using unsupervised classification and extracted NDBI and NDVI further to support main land use and land cover types in the area. The accuracy of classifications was assessed using an error matrix and Kappa statistics. Land use and land cover, NDBI, and NDVI classification accuracies are almost perfect, further verified by the Kappa statistics tool. An excellent unsupervised classification of land use and land cover classes was generated. Accuracy assessment evaluation is one of the most significant tools for determining a classification product's accuracy. The confusion error matrix and Kappa coefficient were particularly useful in calculating accuracy assessment. Typically, accuracy measures of the unsupervised classification show a moderate accuracy level. This study observed almost perfect agreement in all types of accuracy measures. This study is an important source of information that planners and decision-makers may utilize to plan the environment sustainably
Traffic Conditions and Characteristics: Investigation of Road Segment Performance
Full text linkThe dimensions of the road affect the flow of traffic passing over it. Even though the traffic lanes are the same width, the traffic flow will not be the same because the environment is different. This study aims to determine traffic conditions and characteristics through density analysis and the level of traffic service on the roads. This research is a type of non-experimental research, like a case study with survey methods and direct field observations to determine the performance of the road network. The primary data collected through direct recording in the field is the number of vehicles passing through Perintis Kemerdekaan Road and observing the side constraints that reduce capacity and service levels and impede smooth traffic flow. Data analysis used the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) and Indonesia Road Capacity Manual (MKJI) 1997. The service level value (LOS) is obtained by dividing the peak traffic volume in the west direction of 4728 PCU/hour with the road capacity value obtained by the service level of 0.89 entering category E while in the east direction with a traffic volume value of 4974 PCU/hour obtained the degree of saturation value of 0.94. The results of the study show that the level of road service is between (D - E) with a value of 0.85 to 1.00, which means that it is close to road capacity and sluggish speed, high traffic density due to internal barriers and vehicle drivers who experience traffic jams of medium duration
Edutainment Methods in the Learning Process: Quickly, Fun and Satisfying
Full text linkThe spirit of edutainment learning is in the learning process that is fun, comfortable, and amazing and is in how the interaction between teachers and students is established with close, friendly, and harmonious communication like friends. That way students do not feel restricted, afraid and can interact freely and happily. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the edutainment approach to learning. The research location is at the Tourism Middle School Academy in Makassar, Indonesia with a sample size of 31 students. The research process through Classroom Action Research (CAR) was carried out for one semester. The results of the evaluation show that through the edutainment approach, students prefer to learn more, and student achievement in learning has increased as seen from the percentage of success achieved reaching 57 percent, previously only 23 percent for learning to write and learning to read, the percentage of success was up to 62 percent previously 25 percent. The Edutainment approach is a variation in learning strategies that convey subject matter by combining question and answer methods with fun and creativity. The assessment of students must be more flexible, there must be variations in the assessment, for example, with written evaluations, singing and speaking
Land Use Changes on Traffic Generation: A Study in the Tallasa City Corridor
No full textThe objectives to be achieved in this study are to examine the effect of land-use change on traffic generation in the Tallasa City corridor in Makassar City. The goals to be completed are identifying land use and transportation conditions, calculating traffic flow, analyzing land use development, analyzing movement generation, and analyzing the effect of land-use change on traffic generation on the corridor of Tallasa City. The research method used in this research is descriptive by identifying the land use and transportation conditions of the Tallasa City corridor. Then carried out an analysis of land use development, analysis of generation and attraction, and analysis of the effect of land use on the generation and appeal of the Tallasa City corridor movement in Makassar City. Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that the condition of average service level of the existing conditions on the Tallasa City corridor is in category A, with the meaning of stable flow, and the driver is free to determine the speed he chooses. The planned land use pattern in the study area is dominated by land use for housing, education, trade, and services. The type of land use influences the effect of land-use change on traffic generation in the Tallasa City corridor. As a result of this land-use change causes a generation that reduces the level of road services in the planning year, which changes to category C with the meaning of steady flow and speed controlled by traffic
Estimating and Monitoring the Land Surface Temperature (LST) Using Landsat OLI 8 TIRS
Full text linkLand Surface Temperature (LST) is average temperature of an element of the exact surface of the Earth calculated from measured radiance which depends on the albedo, the vegetation cover, and the soil moisture. Land Surface Temperature can affect human discomfort, health problem, higher energy bill and further reduce the habitability of urban and sub urban area as Makassar city has been recently undergoing massive urban development. This study tries to monitor and estimate Land Surface Temperature by using Landsat 8 TIRS and the data analyzed by vegetation index, and temperature index in order to derive Land Surface Temperature value. The result shows that the vegetation area declined around 3470 hectares in the last four years while the urban area increased approximately 1509 hectare. In addition, 2015, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia are experienced the highest temperature at 32 degree Celsius while 2019 shown that the maximum heat reached 29 degree celsius. However, the moderate and high temperature (26 – 29 degree Celsius) in 2019 expand and cover wider area than in 2015 as the area of vegetation declined and built-up area increased significantl
The Impact of Implication Problem Posing Learning Model on Students in High Schools
Full text linkProblem posing is a learning model that requires students to compose their questions or solve a problem into more straightforward questions that refer to solving the problem based on the initial situation. The study aimed to determine the increase of students in mastering the learning material through the Problem Prosing Learning Model. The type of research used in this study is quasi-experimental research. The sample used was 64 high school students with mathematics as the learning subject. There are two class groups: the experimental class with 31 students and the control class with 33 students. The research data obtained were processed by analysis of the paired sample t-test. The research results found that learning with the problem-posing approach made students active and creative, as seen from the ability of students to develop their questions based on the information provided. Students can process and explore existing information and ask problems or questions that can be resolved. Learning with the problem-posing approach can also increase student activity in the learning process, especially in interacting and sharing ideas with other students and with the teacher. Learning activities are meaningful, and student understanding of the concept becomes better
Modelling the Behavior of DVI and IPVI Vegetation Indices Using Multi-Temporal Remotely Sensed Data
Full text linkRemote sensing techniques are widely used to detect and analyze land cover changes due to their accuracy and cost-effectiveness. Among the various spectral indices derived from the satellite data Difference Vegetation Index (DVI) and Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index (IPVI) vegetation indices applied to model the behavior of the indices in the study of suburb ecosystem vegetation cover over twenty years. To achieve the aim of the study two objectives were formulated; detect Spatial-temporal variations in urban vegetation and how suitable the selected algorithms to study urban ecosystem vegetation. The study area is a rapidly developing area consists of several suburbs including Battaramulla, Malabe, and Kaduwela, Sri Lanka. The study used Landsat data and pre-processing, processing, geometric and atmospheric corrections were performed using ERDAS imagine mapping software and all the mappings were carried out via Arc GIS software. The results show Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index (IPVI) algorithm as the most suitable vegetation index to study suburb ecosystem vegetation than Difference Vegetation Index (DVI) in the study area. Therefore, the study recommends IPVI than DVI to study ecosystem vegetation in sub-urban areas. 
Application of E-Learning Based on Enriched Virtual Model in the Subject Database
Full text linkThe study aims to discover the quality of e-learning based on Enriched Virtual model in database subject in the Computer and Informatics Engineering Study Program uses the ISO/IEC 25010 software quality metric method on the aspects of external quality and quality in use. The development model used in this study was adapted from Borg and Gall development model, consisting of 8 stages, namely, (1) Research and information collecting (initial research and information gathering), (2) Planning, (3) Develop preliminary form of product, (4) Preliminary field testing, (5) Main product revision, (6) Main field testing, (7) Final product revision, and (8) Final product. The subjects in this study were 74 students of Computer and Informatics Engineering Education Study Program. Data were collected through interview, observation, and questionnaire techniques. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques and software quality metric methods ISO/IEC 25010. Based on the results of the study, e-learning based on Enriched Virtual model is produced in the database subject. The product developed has fulfilled all aspects of development. Media and material validation are in very good category, while the student’s responses are in good category. The results of software quality testing using the quality metric method concludes that the final value of external quality is 0.45 and which is in medium category