International Journal of Environment, Engineering and Education
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Evaluating Awareness and Practices in Household Wastewater Management in Riverside Dwellers: Implications for Policy and Education
Full text linkIn rapidly urbanizing regions like Bambang, Bocaue, Bulacan, managing household wastewater has become a pressing challenge, primarily due to rapid population growth and inadequate infrastructure. Effective wastewater management is critical to safeguarding environmental and public health, yet it often remains overlooked in developing areas. This study investigates riverside dwellers' awareness levels and practices regarding household wastewater management, aiming to bridge data gaps and provide valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders. By addressing these issues, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of the current challenges and opportunities for improving wastewater practices in the area. The study employs quantitative methods, including surveys and statistical analyses, to examine the demographic profiles, awareness levels, and wastewater management practices of 111 households. Findings reveal a troubling lack of awareness among respondents regarding proper wastewater management, disposal methods, and their environmental impacts. Most households report directly discharging wastewater into nearby water bodies, with only minimal use of appropriate treatment facilities. This practice poses substantial risks, including water pollution, ecosystem degradation, and threats to community health, particularly in a densely populated and ecologically sensitive area like Bambang. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to address this critical issue. Community education programs are essential to raise awareness of wastewater management's importance and environmental impacts. Simultaneously, infrastructure investments—such as constructing affordable and accessible treatment facilities—are crucial for enabling proper wastewater handling. The study also emphasizes the necessity for robust policy measures, including stricter regulations and enforcement, to ensure sustainable wastewater management practices
Advancing Renewable Energy: The Prospects of Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) for Biomass into Bio-oil Conversion
Full text linkHydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) offers a promising approach to convert biomass into bio-oil, contributing to sustainable energy solutions and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. HTL mimics natural geological processes by decomposing biomass at high temperatures (200–350°C) and pressures (10–25 MPa) in a water-based environment, producing bio-oil that can be refined for various energy applications. Despite its potential, several technical challenges limit the efficiency and scalability of HTL. The high energy requirements for maintaining these conditions also pose economic challenges, making HTL less competitive against traditional energy sources. HTL is the complex composition of bio-oil, which contains a mix of organic compounds that make refining and upgrading challenging. This complexity also affects bio-oil’s stability, requiring advanced purification techniques to ensure quality and usability. Solid residue formation during HTL reduces bio-oil yields and increases processing costs. Recent advances aim to address these limitations. New catalysts, such as metal oxides, improve bio-oil yield and reduce oxygen content, enhancing fuel quality. Innovations in reactor design, including continuous flow and microwave-assisted reactors, improve heat transfer and operational stability. Integrating HTL with other biomass conversion technologies, like anaerobic digestion, also offers pathways to increase efficiency and energy recovery. Advances in analytical techniques, like gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, are also improving bio-oil characterization, informing more effective upgrading strategies. While challenges remain, ongoing research in catalyst development, reactor optimization, and process integration strengthens HTL’s potential as a sustainable energy solution, supporting its role in advancing bio-oil production for a cleaner, renewable future.
 
Food Security and Agrotourism: Design and Construction of Elevated Pathways to Facilitate Urban Agriculture in Wetland Areas
Full text linkFood insecurity presents a critical global challenge, with developing countries disproportionately affected by its impacts. From 2020 to 2022, the Philippines reported the highest number of individuals experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity in Southeast Asia. Rapid urbanization exacerbates this problem by significantly increasing food demand in urban areas, particularly densely populated regions. As a highly urbanized locality, Malabon faces heightened risks due to its rising population and limited agricultural resources. This study addresses urban food insecurity by exploring the potential of Urban Agriculture, explicitly focusing on implementing the Baira Farming System in the wetlands of Dampalit, Malabon. Using a qualitative approach, the research involves interviewing stakeholders from the City Land Use, Planning Office, and the Local Government Unit to gather critical insights on land use policies and local socio-economic needs. Researchers perform a comprehensive review of relevant literature and conduct on-site observations to evaluate the feasibility of Urban Agriculture in urban wetland settings. By analyzing the correlation between data gathered and the unique environmental and social conditions of Dampalit, the study highlights the potential of Urban Agriculture to foster sustainable and resilient food systems in urbanized areas. This research underscores the significance of introducing accessible and adaptable agricultural practices to urban communities with limited traditional farming options. By integrating Urban Agriculture concepts, this approach addresses both food insecurity and sustainability challenges. The findings contribute valuable insights to the discourse on innovative agricultural practices, emphasizing the transformative role of sustainable solutions in mitigating food insecurity in rapidly urbanizing regions
Inventory of Electronic Waste (E-Waste) and Residues in Junkshops: A Step Towards Residual Waste Management
Full text linkThe improper management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) constitutes a critical global environmental challenge, with a significant proportion of e-waste ending up in landfills, posing substantial ecological and health risks. In the Philippines, particularly in areas like Marilao, many individuals rely on the recycling of e-waste for their livelihoods, primarily through junkshops and informal recycling networks. Despite providing economic benefits, these practices often result in substantial residual waste, exacerbating landfill overflow and environmental degradation. This study aims to establish a detailed e-waste inventory and propose practical strategies for improving residual waste management. This research used a mixed-method approach to collect data via surveys, interviews, and direct observations at selected junkshops in Marilao. The findings enabled a comprehensive categorization of e-waste based on economic value, highlighting "temperature exchange equipment" as the most economically valuable category while identifying "small IT and telecommunication equipment" as the least. Among the significant residual wastes identified were base/black plastics, styrofoam, and glass, which are commonly mishandled. The study proposes several management strategies, including partnerships with local governmental bodies and recycling companies to enhance recycling processes, improving dismantling techniques to reduce waste, and implementing rigorous waste segregation practices to prevent contamination and improve recycling rates. This expansion is critical for a more comprehensive understanding and monitoring of e-waste management practices, facilitating the development of more effective and sustainable waste management solutions. By adopting these strategies, junkshops and informal recyclers can optimize e-waste management, reducing environmental impact while maintaining economic viability
Challenges and Drivers of Industrialist Propensity Among Chemical Engineering Students in STEM Institution in Zimbabwe: Towards A Conceptual Framework
Full text linkNUST in Zimbabwe grapples with a significant challenge. Despite enrolling many students in chemical engineering, the nation lacks operational industries. Consequently, graduates often encounter difficulties securing employment or attachment placements post-graduation. This underscores the critical need to foster student entrepreneurship, encouraging innovation and idea generation. The study employed a mixed-methods research design to address this issue, combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The quantitative aspect utilized a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design, while the qualitative component involved conducting focus group interviews with chemical engineering students in the experimental group. The findings from both approaches complemented each other, providing a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing entrepreneurial propensity among NUST chemical engineering students. Data collection involved distributing research instruments and questionnaires to NUST students and individuals associated with the mining and pharmaceutical industries. The collected data were then entered into an Excel spreadsheet, allowing for the recording of respondents' numbers alongside their respective responses. The study applied descriptive statistics to evaluate responses and their alignment with research objectives, revealing barriers to entrepreneurial inclination among NUST chemical engineering students, such as limited resources, risk aversion, inadequate entrepreneurial education, and cultural norms. Students benefited from personal motivation, a supportive educational atmosphere, networking opportunities, and exposure to innovative ideas. These factors nurtured self-determination, social networking, and an entrepreneurial mindset. To foster entrepreneurial spirit among NUST chemical engineering students, the study suggests educational reforms, mentorship programs, and potential policy changes create an enabling environment, empowering students to pursue entrepreneurship and contribute to economic growth
The Impact of Bureaucratic Structures on the Performance of School Principals in Public Secondary Schools
Full text linkThe study investigated into bureaucratic role of principals’ leadership performance in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The study adopted the descriptive research design. The population of the study consisted of the two hundred and ninety six (296) principals in all the two hundred and ninety-six (296) public senior secondary schools in the 23 Local Government Areas of Rivers State. The sample of this study comprised the two hundred and ninety-six (296) principals selected from the two hundred and ninety-six (296) public senior secondary schools in the twenty three (23) Local Government Areas in Rivers State, representing 100% of the population using the census sampling technique. Out of the 296 copies of questionnaires distributed 275 representing 96% of the total number of copies, were duly completed and returned. The instrument for data collection for this study was a 30 item self-structured questionnaire titled ‘Bureaucratic Role of Principals’ Leadership Performance Questionnaire (BRPLPQ)”. The instrument was structured using the modified 4-points Likert Scale model of; Very High Extent (VHE) – 4 points; High Extent (HE) =3 points; Low Extent (LE) = 2 point and Very Low Extent (VLE) =1 point. 
Impact of Atmospheric Parameters on Human Respiratory Tract Infections (RTIs)
Full text linkRespiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a significant public health issue globally, with varying degrees of severity and implications. Environmental factors, particularly atmospheric parameters, can exacerbate these health conditions. Understanding the relationship between atmospheric conditions and RTIs is crucial for effective public health interventions. This systematic literature review analyzes research on the impact of atmospheric parameters on RTIs through a systematic search across multiple electronic databases using different keyword combinations. The retrieved articles were categorized based on atmospheric parameters investigated, such as temperature, humidity, air pollution, and rainfall. The review findings indicate that various atmospheric factors, including wind speed, air pollution (PM10, PM2.5, CO, and O3), air temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity, influence the occurrence and severity of respiratory infections. Low wind speed and high air pollution were identified as risk factors for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). In children, meteorological factors like air temperature, atmospheric pressure, rainfall, sunlight hours, wind speed, and relative humidity were associated with lower respiratory tract infections. Pollutants like PM2.5, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and tropospheric ozone directly impact pediatric respiratory infections. Climate variables affect the seasonal activity of pathogens like respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). These findings underscore the importance of considering atmospheric parameters in understanding and preventing RTIs. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach integrating environmental and public health interventions. This approach can better mitigate the effects of atmosphere-related risks on respiratory health
Innovation and Implementation of Online Learning Technology in Enhancing Learning Experience Post-COVID-19
Full text linkRecently, especially with the COVID-19 experience, the need to deploy technology in education has taken center stage. Before the pandemic, many teachers did not particularly consider the use of technology as a valuable resource for teaching and learning. However, this is rapidly beginning to change. Many languages programmed in the country are now experimenting with and utilizing technology in learning. Appropriate use of these new resources has effectively upgraded language instruction and learning. Much time, effort, and money has been spent researching and implementing new and existing technology to improve language training. Twenty-five language educators, in a focus group session conducted, feel that now is the time when the use of technological resources to enhance the learning experience will offer the highly motivated learner an efficient and flexible means of attaining basic communicative competence in language learning. The paper discusses how technology can facilitate learning in language teaching. The paper discusses the need to use some technologies for language teaching, like Zoom, Google Meet, Teams, YouTube, and Facebook, which can be easily accessible to computers, iPads, and Android devices. The research notes that with modern technology, one can learn without necessarily being in the physical classroom. Modern language teaching and learning technology makes learning easily accessible anytime and anywhere, provided internet connectivity exists
Synchronizing Environmental Education Research Trends: Promoting Sustainable Practices and Enhancing Scientific Knowledge
Full text linkThis research explores the diversity of topics related to environmental education issues and students’ environmental concerns regarding their behavior. The bibliometric method is a quantitative approach used to measure and investigate specific indicators within the literature published in a particular field. This method involves creating knowledge maps using extensive databases to identify patterns and trends. Using the keyword “environmental education” on Scopus from 2018 to 2023, 365 relevant documents were found. In the PRISMA flow diagram, the process started with 7550 traced documents, narrowing down to 2536 relevant documents through screening. From these, 776 related documents were chosen, and 573 relevant documents were recognized after the inclusion stage. Throughout, a total of 365 publications were included in the study. VOS viewer software was used to analyze data and generate bibliographic maps and networks. In the last five years, research on environmental education has experienced exciting fluctuations. Key sources like Sustainability Switzerland and the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health have played a significant role. Research by Bogner, F.X. stands out, reflecting high interest in environmental issues and education within the scientific community. Universities such as Universidad de Granada and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia contribute significantly. The United States leads in publications. Environmental education research remains crucial for sustainable practices and environmental literacy despite fluctuations. This data provides essential guidance for future research planning. This research not only underscores the increasing research emphasis on the educational ramifications of pandemics but also identifies specific areas that warrant more extensive exploration
Impacts of Population Trends, Agricultural Supply Chains, and Environmental Decline in Otukpo LGA, Benue State, Nigeria
Full text linkThis research delves into the intricate relationship between population dynamics, agricultural value chain, and environmental degradation in Otukpo Local Government Area (LGA), Benue State, Nigeria. The burgeoning population in the region has precipitated notable shifts in land use patterns, agricultural methodologies, and the overall environmental landscape. A robust research methodology was employed to explore this phenomenon comprehensively. Both primary and secondary data were collected, with a sample size of 400 determined using Taro Yamane's formula. This sample was then strategically distributed among the 13 clans within the LGA, yielding 380 returned samples for meticulous analysis. Statistical analysis, facilitated by tools such as standard deviation and mean, was conducted using SPSS software. Employing a mean criterion of 3.0, questionnaires were administered via survey techniques to discern respondents' perspectives. The research findings illuminate the multifaceted impacts of population dynamics in Otukpo LGA. Notably, these dynamics have instigated challenges within the agricultural value chain, manifesting as farmland degradation and pollution. These repercussions have reverberated throughout the environment, precipitating biodiversity loss, soil contamination, and rampant deforestation. The research also underscores the nuanced nature of these challenges. While population growth undeniably exacerbates these issues, it is crucial to acknowledge the contributory role of ineffective public policies in perpetuating environmental and agricultural dilemmas within the region. In light of these findings, the research advocates for formulating sustainable policies and evidence-based solutions. Addressing these issues holistically demands a concerted effort to mitigate the adverse impacts of population dynamics on agricultural practices and environmental sustainability