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Usungulo lwenkqubo yeziqulatho zevidiyo nemixholo yesifundo seKhemistri ngolwimi lwesiXhosa.
No full textEyona njongo iphambili yolu phando kukusungulwa kwenkqubo yeziqulatho zesifundo seKhemistri ngolwimi lwesiXhosa. Ekwenzeni njalo, olu phando luzakwenza uguqulolwimi lweziqulatho zevidiyo kwanemixholo yesifundo seKhemistri ukusukela kulwimi lwesiNgesi ukuya kulwimi lwesiXhosa ngeenjongo zokuzenza zifumaneke kubafundi abantetho yabo isisiXhosa, bezifumana ngolwimi lwabo lwemveli. Ngelilungiselela ungqamanongqo (ulingano) kuguqulolwimi, iifankshinalisti ezifana noVemeer (1996) kwingcingane yakhe ye‘Skopos’ ziphakamisa uluvo lokuba, ‘uguqulolwimi ngalunye lunenjongo elifuna ukuyiphumeza, kwaye ngesizathu sokuba iilwimi ezi zinendima ebalulekileyo ezithi ziyidlale kwiinkcubeko zazo, uguqulolwimi kufaneleke ngoko ukuba lubonwe okanye luthathwe njengoku- “tshintshiselana ngeenkcubeko’. Olu phando, ngokukhokelwa sisihloko kwaneenjongo zalo luqhutywe ngokusebenzisa izixhobo eziquka ulwazi olutsha, olube ludliwanondlebe kumakhasi omoya phakathi komphandi kunye neengcali ezingabahlohli kwisiza seKhemistri nesebe leInformation Systems zeYunivesithi yaseNtshona Koloni. Umphandi ngokwakhe, ‘ubesesinye sezixhobo ezibalulekileyo ekucholacholeni ulwazi’, Miles noHuberman (1940: 40). Uphando lusebenzise nolwazi olusele lukhona (uphando lwaseDesikeni). NgokukaSimelane (2014: 29) ulwazi olusele lukhona, ‘lulwazi olusele luqokelelwe lwadityaniswa lwaze lwashicilelwa ngalo naluphi na uhlobobo loncwadi’. Imithombo yolu phando kolu hlobo lolwazi ibe yiManyuwali yesifundo seKhemistri (iKhemistri 114/116), iziqulatho zevidiyo ezingemixholo yesi sifundo sonyaka wokuqala kwiYunivesithi yaseNtshona Koloni, iiJenali kwaneeNcwadi zoguqulolwimi
The structure, distribution and role of education in the Cape Colony, 1849 - 1909
No full textThe role of human capital as a central factor in economic development has long been established. There are many theories and empirical factors that prove this assumption. More recently, economists and economic historians have investigated the long-term development of human capital and in particular education and how this has influenced countries' performance. Africa has not gone unnoticed with inquiries into its colonial past and how this affected human capital development. While little has been done on informal human capital like skills passed from generation to generation, more focus has been placed on the formal human capital measured through education and schooling. This formal schooling often started with missionary schools and colonial institutions leading to its expansion during the nineteenth century. The Cape Colony was no exception to this. A school was established at the slave lodge for the slaves, but the education they received was very limited. Later the colony too, experienced growth in the mission schools but also had public schools and farm schools. While some research has been done on the missionary stations, there is no systematic analysis of education from various angles. This thesis proposes to examine the education system of the Cape Colony. The focus of the thesis will be on both the demand and supply side factors of education. It will probe aspects like the structure of the schooling system, the types of schools that were present in the colony, scholar enrolment and attendance, the distribution of Private Farm schools, and the outcomes in terms of literacy. Various data sources are used such as Census data and Superintendent General of Education reports. This thesis has shown that through colonialism, education was brought to the Cape, however, it predominantly served its European settlers. The rate of literacy varied sharply between White and Coloured races throughout the nineteenth century. Literacy rates did however increase for all inhabitants of the Cape Colony including the Coloured population. Private Farm schools were also instrumental in bringing schools to the children and expanding the reach of education in the Cape Colony
Identifying promoters to enhance heterologous gene expression in recombinant saccharomyces cerevisiae strains cultivated on non-native substrates
No full textAbstract: Efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires its engineering to express heterologous enzymes at titres high enough to make significant impacts on industrial consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). Promoters are required for this purpose, but are reportedly influenced by various environmental factors as well as the protein specific nature of expression, warranting the need for assessment under the conditions for which they are intended. Heterologous xylosidase- and xylanase-encoding genes (xln43_SED1 and xyn2) were individually cloned under transcriptional control of the SED1P and TDH3P promoters, and DIT1T terminator, and integrated into the genome of an a S. cerevisiae strain engineered for xylose utilization. Enzymatic assays were used to quantify the performance of the promoters when strains were cultivated on glucose (aerobically and micro-aerobically) and xylose. Additional strains containing both xln43_SED1 and xyn2 under different promoter combinations were then used to allow direct fermentation of beechwood xylan to ethanol in a CBP. The SED1P/DIT1T and TDH3P/DIT1T combinations significantly outperformed the benchmark ENO1P/T under all of the tested cultivation conditions, as well as with regard to growth trials on non-native substrates (xylo-oligosaccharides/XOS and beechwood xylan) and fermentations of beechwood xylan to ethanol. Overall, TDH3P was the best-performing promoter. This study demonstrates that heterologous metabolic pathways and CBP can be significantly enhanced by employing carefully selected promoters tailored to specific conditions
Beyond the line and hook: Identifying primary e-logistics technology adoption factors in the fishing industry
No full textIn the current era, e-logistics technologies have become commonplace in businesses to enhance supply chain and associated data analytics efficiencies. However, while contributing significantly to the GDPs in many countries, the fishing industry has been slow at adopting new technologies. Many slow adopters in this industry continue to use outdated data collection methods, thereby resulting in less-than-optimal data-driven decision-making. While prior research has examined the role of emerging technologies in the industry, there has been limited research to date to understand adoption issues. Our study therefore investigates factors that influence the adoption of e-logistics technologies in the fishing industry, using the Western Cape province in South Africa as the study site. The research investigated these factors using the Security-Technology-Organisation-Environment-Diffusion-ofInnovation framework. Qualitative data was collected via semi-structured interviews. The findings provide a rich insight into several adoption factors that demonstrate an interplay of technological innovations, organisational dynamics, and the environment within the industry. The findings were synthesized into an e-logistics technology adoption model. This paper enriches the existing literature on technology adoption, contributing insights for fishing industry stakeholders, and lays the foundation for informed decision-making in the realm of e-logistics integration.
Sex and environment shape cochlear sensitivity in human populations worldwide
No full textHearing remains an underexplored aspect of human evolution. While the growing prevalence of hearing issues worldwide highlights the need to investigate factors beyond age, ototoxic substances, and recreational noise— factors affecting only a subset of the population —the role of environmental influences remains relatively unaddressed. In contrast, hearing and vocalizations have been extensively studied in many vertebrates through the Acoustic Adaptation Hypothesis, which suggests that acoustic communication adapts to the structure of the immediate environment. To explore how the environment shapes the ear’s ability to process sound, studying the cochlea is essential since it is responsible for capturing, amplifying, and converting sound waves into electrical signals. Cochlear sensitivity can be measured using Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE), which assess the cochlea’s ability to produce and transmit an acoustic response after sound stimulation. By analyzing TEOAE profiles, we gain valuable insights into how the cochlea responds to external auditory stimuli. We evaluated the influence of both endogenous (age, sex, ear side) and exogenous factors (ethnicity, environment, language) on cochlear sensitivity by collecting TEOAE data from 448 healthy individuals across 13 global populations in Ecuador, England, Gabon, South Africa, and Uzbekistan, living in diverse environments. For each individual, we derived six acoustic metrics from these TEOAE profiles to characterize the amplitude and frequency spectrum of cochlear sensitivity. Our results show that amplitude is primarily influenced by sex (up to 2 dB) and environment (up to 3.6 dB), followed by age and ear side. The frequency spectrum is determined exclusively by exogenous factors, with environment— particularly altitude, and urban versus rural settings —being the most significant. These findings challenge existing assumptions and highlight the need to consider both biological and environmental factors when studying auditory processes
Implementing productive practice in a grade 10 classroom for the development of procedural fluency in quadratic functions: a design-based research study.
No full textThis qualitative study investigated the influence of implementing a teaching strategy to address poor performance in high-stakes examinations. The intervention employed productive practice as a teaching strategy to address procedural fluency, one of the core issues identified by the past decade's National Senior Certificate (NSC) diagnostic reports. This study used design-based research, using the iterative learning cycles, thus modifying and refining the learners' learning experience. The collected data include observational notes and analysis of the learners’ written responses to the designed productive practice activities. This study aimed to investigate the influence of implementing productive practice on developing procedural fluency in quadratic functions. The findings of the study indicate that some learners have cognitive obstacles and misconceptions of the concept of quadratic functions, resulting in the learners not being procedurally fluent in quadratic functions. Additionally, learners also seem to have difficulty remembering the concepts. Therefore, through the regular implementation of spiral revision and deepening mathematical thinking activities, the retention issue and the procedural fluency issue can be addressed. This study highlights the importance of spirally revising to improve retention of mathematical concepts, enhancing the self-explanation abilities and deepening the mathematical thinking of learners through engaging with productive practice activities and providing teachers with knowledge on the designing of activities that will address retention, procedural fluency and the reasoning skills of the learners
Current practices for mental fatigue quantification and induction in movement science: introducing the SPeCIFY guidelines
No full textMental fatigue (MF) is a complex phenomenon with significant implications for human performance, for which there are numerous studies investigating the effects of MF. Nevertheless, there is considerable variability in the approaches used to induce and quantify MF, making it hard to compare findings across studies and draw well-supported conclusions. This review addresses the methodological variability in the induction and quantification methods of MF in movement science in the following ways: on the one hand, by providing an overview of task design strategies to induce MF, emphasizing the importance of tailoring task duration, difficulty, and nature to individual participants and specific research contexts; on the other hand, by providing an overview of current methods used to quantify MF, including behavioural, subjective, and physiological measures, and highlighting the strengths and limitations of each. Finally, this review proposes a best-practice framework for MF research, incorporating multi-method approaches for the induction and quantification of MF and introducing the Settings, Protocol establishments, Confounders, Individuals, Framework, and Yield (SPeCIFY) reporting guidelines that aim at improving consistency and transparency in future MF studies
A qualitative study on the role of alcohol in the lives of a group of sexual minority women in South Africa
No full textDespite extensive research on alcohol misuse in South Africa, a significant gap remains in the literature regarding the experiences of sexual minorities, defined as individuals whose sexual orientation or gender identity differs from heteronormative expectations. International studies have confirmed that sexual minority women are at a higher risk of harmful alcohol use compared with their heterosexual counterparts. This disparity is attributed to the distinctive and chronic stressors that sexual minorities face. There remains a paucity of research in South Africa on the experience of alcohol misuse among sexual minority women. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature. Twenty-five sexual minority women from diverse backgrounds residing in Cape Town, South Africa, participated in the study. Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, the study explored participants’ lived experiences of alcohol misuse and their perspectives of the reasons for initiating such use. The findings indicate that alcohol served as an emotional regulation strategy, helping them to manage emotional distress arising from experiences of rejection, stigma, and discrimination related to their sexual minority status. Rejection and ostracism from family and religious communities were identified as salient sources of distress precipitating alcohol misuse. In addition, participants identified childhood sexual abuse and internal conflicts related to reconciling their sexual identity with cultural and religious beliefs as key drivers of their alcohol misuse. The findings underscore the importance of addressing individual, familial, and societal-level factors in efforts to reduce harmful alcohol consumption within this population
Solitary fibrous tumour of the parapharyngeal space – a case report
No full textWe present a case of a female patient with solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) originating in the parapharyngeal space which was successfully resected using an open transoral approach. The patient presented with a worsening airway obstruction, obstructive sleep apnoea, and dysphagia for three years. Rhinolaryngoscopy revealed a right nasopharynx and oropharynx lateral pharyngeal wall submucosal mass. Histopathological analysis was consistent with an SFT. This uncommon site of a rare tumour often presents diagnostic challenges or leads to overt misdiagnosis. We interrogated the literature in respect of the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this rare condition
A critical exploration of Pan-African ecofeminist popular education within WoMin’s feminist schools
No full textWoMin African Alliance (WoMin) has hosted six Feminist Schools since 2016 in which a Pan-African ecofeminist popular education approach has evolved. The participants are women in communities of resistance against extractive projects in West, East, and Southern Africa. Given the limited research on ecofeminist popular education in Africa, an exploratory case study method is used to examine the praxis of the emergent curriculum. Most participants have limited levels of formal schooling; therefore, we probe how we build an understanding of complex theoretical ideas while simultaneously honouring the centrality of women’s embodied knowledge. We describe various participatory, inventive pedagogical practices which place women’s experiences at the centre while elucidating abstract concepts. The facilitator’s ability to weave theory from the stories while ‘on her feet’ is crucial. The case deepens the argument that experience is a source of knowledge and provides rich evidence to support it