Portal de revistas electrónicas de la UAM (Univ. Autónoma de Madrid)
Not a member yet
14423 research outputs found
Sort by
Analysis of the functions of deliberative democracy in cultural policy
No full textEn el contexto de la globalización y el desarrollo social, la interacción y fusión de diversas culturas se ha convertido en un tema de creciente interés y debate. La relación entre la cultura dominante y las culturas locales, así como el papel de la política en la gestión de estas relaciones, son aspectos cruciales que requieren una atención detallada. La política cultural, entendida como el campo donde se manifiestan las luchas por la dominación y el reconocimiento entre diferentes culturas, es un fenómeno complejo y altamente conflictivo. Este artículo explora las causas y teorías subyacentes a la política cultural, analizando cómo las culturas, al considerarse a sí mismas como universales, entran en conflicto con otras que también reclaman su propia universalidad. Además, se examinan las estrategias gubernamentales para manejar estas tensiones, desde la homogeneización hasta el relativismo cultural, y se propone la democracia deliberativa como una posible solución para fomentar el diálogo y la coexistencia pacífica entre culturas diversas.In the context of globalization and social development, the interaction and fusion of diverse cultures have become topics of increasing interest and debate. The relationship between dominant culture and local cultures, as well as the role of politics in managing these relationships, are crucial aspects that require detailed attention. Cultural politics, understood as the field where struggles for domination and recognition among different cultures manifest, is a complex and highly conflictive phenomenon. This article explores the causes and underlying theories of cultural politics, analyzing how cultures, by considering themselves universal, come into conflict with others that also claim their own universality. Additionally, it examines governmental strategies for managing these tensions, ranging from homogenization to cultural relativism, and proposes deliberative democracy as a potential solution to foster dialogue and peaceful coexistence among diverse cultures
Animal rights. A review of the arguments of the last thirteen years in the light of the philosophical presuppositions of ontological personalism
No full textEn el contexto contemporáneo está en auge otorgar derechos a los animales. En el presente estudio se abordarán las últimas propuestas en esta línea y los argumentos que se han dado al respecto en los últimos trece años (2010-2023). Se mostrará primero los argumentos de quienes plantean la existencia de derechos de los animales y, seguidamente, se analizarán desde los presupuestos metafísicos del personalismo ontológico. Se concluye que los argumentos en los últmos años tienen las mismas bases de hace diez años y cuyo fundamento está en la filosofía moderna marcada por el abandono de la metafísica que diluye la distinción ontológica entre el hombre y el animal.In the contemporary context, the provision of animal rights is booming. This work will address the latest proposals in this line and the arguments that have been given in this regard in the last thirteen years (2010-2023). The arguments of those who raise the rights of animals will be shown first and, then, they will be analyzed from the metaphysical assumptions of ontological personalism. It is concluded that the arguments in recent years have the same bases of ten years ago and whose foundation is in modern philosophy determinated by metaphysical abandonment that dilutes the ontological distinction between man and animal
The Vitality of Greek Philosophy: A Conversation with Pierre Aubenque, Alexandre Kojève, and Merab Mamardashvili
No full textEn este artículo intentaré abordar las ideas de algunos filósofos desde distintas perspectivas. Junto con Pierre Aubenque, reflexionaré sobre la importancia del mundo helenístico para nuestra modernidad; expondré las ideas de Alexandre Kojève sobre la tiranía, el poder y la vida filosófica, y analizaré la visión de Merab Mamardashvili acerca de las posibilidades humanas en diferentes contextos y situaciones.In this article, I will attempt to approach the ideas of several philosophers from different perspectives. Together with Pierre Aubenque, I reflect on the importance of the Hellenic world for our modernity; I reconsider the notions of tyranny, authority, and philosophical life developed by Alexandre Kojève, and I analyze Merab Mamardashvili’s vision of human possibilities in various contexts and situations
García Martínez de Lagrán, I., Tejedor, C., Arcusa, H.;Royo, J. L., Garrido, R. y Rojo, M. A. (2024): La cerámicaneolítica de la Cueva de Els Trocs (Huesca) en elcontexto del Mediterráneo occidental
No full text Revie
Mitos EdTech: Fetichismo, Ejército Digital de Reserva y Estado Financiarizador en Educación
No full textGlobal education policy is shaping new sociotechnical imaginaries about Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital transformation, where EdTech myths play a central role. This article aims to analyze the ideology embedded in these sociotechnical imaginaries of AI and digital transformation, as well as their materializations in the privatization of education in Spain. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative and qualitative methods across four phases: Critical Discourse Analysis, policy network analysis, web scraping of public procurement tenders, and financial investment valuation. The findings are structured into three interconnected sections that link ideology and privatization: AI fetishism and the policy network of governance in AI; the reserve army of digital labor and the economic profit from digital skills training; and the financialization of the state through EdTech industry investments. The main findings are discussed in relation to critical analyses of capitalism in its digital age, ultimately revealing the connection between sociotechnical imaginaries of AI and digital transformation and their materializations in the privatization of education.En la política educativa global se están configurando nuevos imaginarios sociotécnicos sobre Inteligencia Artificial (IA) y transformación digital donde los mitos EdTech ocupan centralidad. El objetivo del artículo es analizar la ideología de los imaginarios sociotécnicos sobre la IA y la transformación digital, y sus materializaciones en la privatización de la educación en España. Mediante un enfoque metodológico mixto, se combinan métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos en cuatro fases: Análisis Crítico del Discurso, análisis de redes políticas, web scraping de licitaciones públicas y valorización de inversiones financieras. Los hallazgos se describen destacando tres apartados de resultados que interrelacionan la ideología y la privatización: fetichismo de la IA y la red política de gobernanza en IA; ejército digital de reserva y lucro económico de la formación en competencias digitales; Estado financiarizador e inversiones financieras de la industria EdTech. Se discuten los principales hallazgos con otros análisis críticos sobre el capitalismo en su era digital para concluir en la relación de los imaginarios sociotécnicos sobre la IA y la transformación digital, y sus materializaciones en la privatización de la educación
Tiris, the Poets’ Bride, and the Sea in the Mythology of Saharawi Literature
No full textEn este trabajo se explora desde la oratura hasanófona bidan del Sahara Occidental la personalidad erudita de Tiris con sus leyendas mitológicas tan recurridas en la literatura hasania y en español. Por otra parte, hace hincapié en la ausencia-presencia del mar en la literatura bidan saharaui, que se analiza mediante una compendiosa exploración etnográfica sobre las amenidades de la cultura saharaui de raíz afro-senhaya-árabe. Es una road movie en la que también se introduce al lector de forma muy breve a la historia colonial del territorio.This work explores, through the Bidan-speaking Hasanophonic orature of Western Sahara, the erudite personality of Tiris, with his mythological legends so frequently used in Hassanian and Spanish literature. Furthermore, it emphasizes the absence/presence of the sea in Sahrawi Bidan literature. This is a comprehensive ethnographic exploration of the amenities of Sahrawi culture, rooted in Afro-Senhaya-Arab culture. It is a road movie that also briefly introduces the reader to the territory’s colonial history
Entre la prosperidad y el planeta. El reto de las planificaciones nacionales latinoamericanas para incorporar modelos de desarrollo que aporten al cumplimiento de la Agenda 2030
No full textThe new global commitment to sustainable development has materialised in the creation of the 2030 Agenda and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), approved in 2015 by 193 member states of the United Nations. Through this pact, states have committed to ensuring sustained and inclusive economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection, and to doing so within a framework of peace and cooperation. In this regard, the Agenda is divided into five vital areas, spheres, or dimensions, universally known as the 5Ps: people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnerships.
Likewise, the Agenda has highlighted a set of fundamental principles that are interconnected and give a comprehensive character to its approach. First, it includes the principle of universality, as it has a global scope regardless of the relative level of development of the countries. Secondly, the principle of inclusion is prioritised, calling for the participation of all segments of society; this principle emphasises the core commitment to "Leaving No One Behind" (LNOB), which implies a deliberate effort to reach the furthest behind, the most vulnerable, and the marginalised first, ensuring that development is truly universal. Therefore, it is expected that its goals are achieved comprehensively, in an interconnected and indivisible manner.
It is precisely the interconnectedness and indivisibility of the SDGs that generate a crucial analytical focus when examining the potentially tense relationship between the goals aligned with the prosperity sphere and those focused on the planet sphere. While Prosperity aims to foster a world with productive and fulfilling lives, benefiting from economic and social progress, planet groups the measures to protect the environment and achieve sustainable consumption and production.
Within this global framework, some national development plans in the Latin American region show a commitment to styles with a strong emphasis on economic growth, based predominantly on a production matrix with a significant weight of raw materials and natural resources. Despite the existence of a set of measures involving technological promotion and the encouragement of innovation aimed at increasing the competitiveness of production processes, there is clear commitment to the extractive-export model, which contributes to the idea of a scenario of reprimarisation of economies in the last two decades. This scenario is linked to a strategy of insertion into the international market that positions these countries as avid captors of foreign investment and, on the other hand, presents them with a primary role as suppliers of raw materials to industrial centres, reproducing a bygone international division of labour.
This scenario poses a challenge for several countries in the region to articulate a set of public policy proposals towards the productive sector and others towards environmental care within the framework of their planning processes, with the commitments set forth in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, directly linked to the goals related to the prosperity and planet spheres. This thus generates a divergence between short-term factors and decisions and long-term objectives, which requires a balance between eventually opposing purposes. This tension is nourished by the persistence of the epistemic coloniality of power, a eurocentric rationality that has historically subordinated peripheral territories to accumulation logics centred on extraction.
In light of this tense scenario, this work aimed to analyse to what extent and in what way these two spheres of the SDGs have been contemplated within the framework of national post-2015 planning. To this end, three national planning documents were selected, namely: Colombia (Government Plan "Colombia, World Power for Life. 2022-2026"), Costa Rica (Bicentennial National Development and Public Investment Plan 2019-2022), and Uruguay (Development Strategy 2050). The selection was guided by the interest in countries that, despite their differences, present productive models with strong pressure on natural resources. The methodology was based on a cross-sectional content analysis of the planning documents, seeking to identify the strategies that each of these countries has taken in response to the dilemmas raised and comparing the relative emphasis given to the prosperity and planet spheres in their development agendas.
The case analysis for Colombia reveals that the Government Plan is conceived as a basis for fostering a country leader in the protection of life and the overcoming of injustices, seeking good living (buen vivir). It is structured around three key transitions, with the economic transition being essential, involving the gradual abandonment of extractivism towards a decarbonised economy. The qualitative analysis of the strategic interventions shows that the prosperity sphere concentrates the largest relative weight in the planning documents, followed by people and peace, indicating a significant priority in the agenda. The planet sphere has a lower concentration of interventions.
In the case of Costa Rica, its National Development and Public Investment Plan adopts the SDGs as its own, seeking inclusive economic growth in harmony with the environment. Its central challenges include the reduction of poverty and inequality, the strengthening of infrastructure, and, fundamentally, the management of climate change. Costa Rica seeks to be a pioneer in the decarbonisation of the economy, which requires a gradual decrease in the consumption of fossil fuels to move towards a sustainable system of renewable energies, reflecting an explicit and long-term commitment to the planet sphere.
For its part, the case of Uruguay, through its Development Strategy 2050, is distinguished by its focus on a long-term vision and marked institutional stability, seeking the articulation between the goals of prosperity and planet. Its planning emphasises quality of life, social investment, and environmental sustainability, attempting to reconcile economic growth with the care of its natural resources. However, like the other countries, its planning must manage the intrinsic tension of the region, which involves sustaining a predominantly primary-export model, requiring a constant effort to diversify its economy and ensure that environmental goals are not postponed due to short-term economic pressures.
Through the analysis of these cases, it can be concluded that the 2030 Agenda has exerted an undeniable influence on the spirit and structure of post-2015 Latin American national planning, with the SDGs adopting a central role in the planning documents. However, the existence of a persistent tension is confirmed. Although countries like Colombia and Costa Rica demonstrate an explicit commitment to the planet sphere and the intention to change the production matrix, the adopted models continue to depend largely on external demand and are conditioned by the logic of the global economy, which imposes strong pressure on environmental resources. The incorporation of the global aspirations of prosperity and planet undoubtedly poses a dilemma between the incorporation of world goals and the processes of Latin American national planning.
El nuevo compromiso global por el desarrollo sostenible se ha traducido en la elaboración de la Agenda 2030 y sus diecisiete Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), aprobados en 2015 por ciento noventa y tres estados miembros de las Naciones Unidas, a través de los cuales se comprometen a velar por un crecimiento económico sostenido e integrador, la inclusión social y la protección del medio ambiente, y a hacerlo en un marco de paz y cooperación. En tal sentido, la Agenda se divide en cinco áreas, esferas o dimensiones de vital importancia (también conocidas como las 5P): personas, planeta, prosperidad, paz y partenariados. En este marco global, algunas planificaciones nacionales para el desarrollo en la región latinoamericana evidencian una apuesta a estilos con fuerte énfasis en el crecimiento económico, basado predominantemente en una matriz productiva con fuerte peso de sus materias primas y recursos naturales. Aunque existe un conjunto de medidas que involucran la promoción tecnológica y el fomento de la innovación dirigidas a aumentar la competitividad de los procesos de producción, se evidencia una apuesta firme al modelo extractivo-exportador, lo que contribuye a la idea de un escenario de reprimarización de las economías latinoamericanas en los dos últimos lustros. Este escenario se liga a una estrategia de inserción en el mercado internacional que posiciona a estos países, por un lado, como captadores ávidos de inversión extranjera y por otro, los presenta con un rol principalmente proveedor de materias primas a los centros industriales, reproduciendo una pretérita división internacional del trabajo. Este escenario plantea el reto, para varios países de la región, de articular un conjunto de propuestas de política pública hacia el tejido productivo y otras hacia el cuidado del medio ambiente en el marco de sus procesos de planificación, con los compromisos que plantea la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, vinculados directamente a las metas relativas a las esferas de Prosperidad y Planeta. Se genera así, una divergencia entre factores y decisiones a corto plazo y los objetivos a largo plazo, lo que requiere de un equilibrio entre propósitos eventualmente contrapuestos.En virtud de este escenario en tensión, este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar en qué medida y de qué forma se han contemplado, en el marco de las planificaciones nacionales post 2015, estas dos esferas de los ODS. Para ello, se han seleccionado tres planificaciones nacionales (una del cono sur y una del norte de Sudamérica, y una de Centro América) a los efectos de identificar las estrategias que han tomado cada uno de estos países frente a los dilemas planteados. Con ello, es de interés poder contribuir a la discusión sobre la forma en que han sido (o no) incorporadas las aspiraciones y metas mundiales de las esferas de Prosperidad y Planeta a los procesos de planificación nacionales latinoamericanos
Entre el Mérito y la Paternocracia: Las Clases Particulares como (Re)Producción de las Desigualdades Escolares
No full textNum contexto educativo neoliberal marcado pela crescente centralidade da avaliação externa e pela disseminação de dispositivos meritocráticos, este artigo analisa como as explicações privadas, enquanto estratégia adotada por alunos e famílias, acentuam ou mitigam desigualdades no acesso ao sucesso escolar. Retomam-se dados de uma investigação doutoral que procurou compreender as motivações e iniciativas desenvolvidas por estudantes e suas famílias perante a pressão dos resultados escolares e as respostas promovidas por escolas públicas/privadas e centros de explicações, enquanto agentes da oferta educativa. Através de uma metodologia mista e de um estudo de casos múltiplos, foram recolhidos dados junto de alunos (Estudo 1 – inquérito por questionário, n=692), diretores de agrupamentos de escolas/colégios (Estudo 2 – entrevistas, n=10) e diretores de centros de explicações (Estudo 3 – entrevistas, n=4). Verificou-se que: (i) os exames nacionais são um eixo estruturante das prioridades educativas; (ii) o mercado de explicações surge como principal resposta das famílias à pressão avaliativa; (iii) estas práticas reforçam desigualdades sociais no acesso ao sucesso escolar. Esta realidade aprofunda clivagens socioeconómicas no acesso ao sucesso escolar e evidencia a forma como a meritocracia é instrumentalizada na produção de desigualdades, colocando em causa princípios de justiça social em educação.In a neoliberal educational context marked by the growing centrality of external assessment and the dissemination of meritocratic devices, this article analyses how private tutoring, as a strategy adopted by students and families, accentuates or mitigates inequalities in access to school success. It uses data from a doctoral research project that sought to understand the motivations and initiatives developed by students and their families in the face of pressure from school results and the responses by public/private schools and tutoring centres, as agents of the educational offer. Using a mixed methodology and a multiple case study, data was collected from students (Study 1 - survey, n=692), heads of school groups/colleges (Study 2 - interviews, n=10) and directors of tutoring centre (Study 3 - interviews, n=4). It was found that: (i) national exams are a structuring axis of educational priorities; (ii) the tutoring market emerges as the main response of families to assessment pressure; (iii) these practices reinforce social inequalities in access to school success. This reality deepens socio-economic divides in access to educational success and shows how meritocracy is instrumentalized in the production of inequalities, calling into question principles of social justice in education.En un contexto educativo neoliberal marcado por la creciente importancia de la evaluación externa y la difusión de dispositivos meritocráticos, este artículo analiza cómo las clases particulares, como estrategia adoptada por los alumnos y las familias, acentúan o mitigan las desigualdades en el acceso al éxito escolar. Se retoman datos de una investigación doctoral que buscaba comprender las motivaciones y las iniciativas desarrolladas por los estudiantes y sus familias ante la presión de los resultados escolares y las respuestas promovidas por las escuelas públicas/privadas y los centros de clases particulares, como agentes de la oferta educativa. Mediante una metodología mixta y un estudio de casos múltiples, se recopilaron datos de alumnos (Estudio 1: encuesta mediante cuestionario, n = 692), directores de agrupaciones de escuelas/colegios (Estudio 2: entrevistas, n = 10) y directores de centros de clases particulares (Estudio 3: entrevistas, n = 4). Se constató que: (i) los exámenes nacionales son un eje estructurante de las prioridades educativas; (ii) el mercado de clases particulares surge como la principal respuesta de las familias a la presión evaluativa; (iii) estas prácticas refuerzan las desigualdades sociales en el acceso al éxito escolar. Esta realidad profundiza las divisiones socioeconómicas en el acceso al éxito escolar y pone de manifiesto la forma en que la meritocracia se instrumentaliza en la producción de desigualdades, poniendo en tela de juicio los principios de justicia social en la educación
Book review of Mohammed HASHAS (ed.) (2025): Contemporary Moroccan Thought. On Philosophy, Theology, Society, and Culture, Brill, Leiden-Boston, 793 pages.
No full textContemporary Moroccan Thought. On Philosophy, Theology, Society, and Culture es una contribución extraordinaria al conocimiento y la divulgación del pensamiento marroquí contemporáneo, editada por Mohammed Hashas, que reúne investigaciones originales de académicos marroquíes e internacionales que examinan ámbitos tan diversos como la filosofía, la teología, el sufismo, las ciencias sociales, la teoría política, la historia o la literatura desde esa mirada multidisciplinar.Contemporary Moroccan Thought: On Philosophy, Theology, Society, and Culture. Edited by Mohammed Hashas, this extraordinary book is a valuable contribution to our understanding of contemporary Moroccan thought. It brings together original research by Moroccan and international academics, examining diverse fields such as philosophy, theology, Sufism, the social sciences, political theory, history, and literature from a multidisciplinary perspective.