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Greater local cooling effects of trees across globally distributed urban green spaces
Get PDFUrban green spaces (UGS) are an effective mitigation strategy for urban heat islands (UHIs) through their evapotranspiration and shading effects. Yet, the extent to which local UGS cooling effects vary across different background climates, plant characteristics and urban settings across global cities is not well understood. This study analysed 265 local air temperature (TA) measurements from 58 published studies across globally distributed sites to infer the potential influence of background climate, plant and urban variables among different UGS types (trees, grass, green roofs and walls). We show that trees were more effective at reducing local TA, with reductions 2–3 times greater than grass and green roofs and walls. We use a hierarchical linear mixed effects model to reveal that background climate (mean annual temperature) and plant characteristics (specific leaf area vegetation index) had the greatest influence on cooling effects across UGS types, while urban characteristics did not significantly influence the cooling effects of UGS. Notably, trees dominated the overall local cooling effects across global cities, indicating that greater tree growth in mild climates with lower mean annual temperatures has the greatest mitigation potential against UHIs. Our findings provide insights for urban heat mitigation using UGS interventions, particularly trees across cities worldwide with diverse climatic and environmental conditions and highlight the essential role of trees in creating healthy urban living environments for citizens under extreme weather conditions.Science of The Total Environmen
Hybrid PTA-laser melting process
No full textThis is a supplementary video showing the hybrid PTA-laser melting process.New Wire Additive Manufacturing (NEWAM
Data for: Nanoindentation Response of 3D Printed PEGDA Hydrogels in a Hydrated Environment
No full textRaw and processed data sets from nanoidentation response of 3D printed hydrogels. 1. Raw data of nanoindentation response. 2. Representative load-displacement curves for each type of hydrogel. 3. Representative data for creep for different types of hydrogels. 4. Representative data for NMR spectras of different types of hydrogels. 5. Representative data for glass transition of different types of hydrogels.EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Ultra Precisio
Data: Effect of substrate alloy type on the hardness profile of the substrate and deposited material interface in Aluminium Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing
No full textThis file provides the hardness measurements used in the paper to plot the different hardness profiles in figures 3 and 9 and the chemical composition measurement displayed in figure 10.New Wire Additive Manufacturing (NEWAM
Data: Penetration and mixing of filler wire in hybrid laser welding
No full textThis file contains all dataset from the above paperM31.8.12461 Materials Innovation Institute M2i, supported by Heerema Marine Contractor
Day 1 - 1230 - Sebastien Cuvelier & Clara Debiesse.pdf
No full textAddi tive Manufacturing (AM) & Energetic Technical Textile (ETT) with nitrocellulose formulations Sébastien CUVELIER – Clara DEBIESSE - Eurenco 9th International Nitrocellulose Symposium Presentation
Touchscreen Inspector in Future Flight Deck Design
No full textFifty-one participants were invited to conduct two scenarios which consisted of landing with disturbance (LD) and landing no disturbance (LN) using three inceptors, including sidestick, gamepad and touchscreen on the FSS. Both the system usability scale (SUS) and situation awareness rating technique (SART-10D) were completed by participants at the end of each trial. Therefore, two-way repeated measure ANOVA was applied to analyse participants€™ ratings on SUS for system usability involving two sub-dimensions: usability (SUS-U) and learnability (SUS-L), and SART-10D for situation awareness including three sub-dimensions: demand (SART-D), supply (SART-S) and understanding (SART-U) while interacting with a touchscreen as inceptor for flight control. The inceptors and scenarios are two independent variables, both SUS and SART, and their sub-dimensions were dependent variables.European social fun
'A Holistic Cabin Conceptualisation Approach (HCCA) framework'
Get PDFThe presented toolset defines the stakeholders involved in aircraft passenger cabin interior development projects, and their pursued design drivers. - Stakeholder Definition sheet presents all types of organisations involved in the design of aircraft cabin interiors, disregarding of the involvement extent. - Stakeholder Analysis sheet contains the pairwise comparison matrices for all stakeholders along the influence and interest axes, and the resulting plot. - Cabin Design Drivers sheet contains the definition of drivers pursued by the cabin interior projects. These are defined as a multi-level structure including: -- Top-level profitability-based design drivers, -- Their constituent factors representing the design considerations and themes, and -- Bottom-level design criteria representing the detailed product specifications, requirements, features, qualities, performance targets etc. - Design Factor Weights present a set of pairwise comparison matrices for deriving the relative importance weights at the factor and driver levels. - R Input sheet contains R code template to use with R Studio software to retrieve Eigenvector values. - Design Factors Map sheet contains factor applicability mapping to represent stakeholder concern and interaction points on a cabin interior project. - Cabin Product Breakdown sheet presents the composition of state-of-the-art cabin interiors by listing out the components it may have. The presented list is an all-encompassing version and does not represent the product line of any specific cabin manufacturer or equipment supplier. The presented sheets may be used as information source, or be amended to reflect the needs of their specific project. Amendments may be performed in the white cells of the pairwise comparison matrices on Stakeholder Analysis and Design Factor Weights; and applicability indicators in Design Factors Map and Cabin Product Breakdown sheets.FUture Cabin for the Asian Marke
The Regenerative Lens: a conceptual framework for regenerative social-ecological systems
Get PDFSocieties must transform their dynamics to support the flourishing of life. There is increasing interest in regeneration and regenerative practice as a solution, but also limited cohered understanding of what constitutes regenerative systems at social-ecological scales. In this perspective we present a conceptual, cross-disciplinary, and action-oriented regenerative systems framework, the Regenerative Lens, informed by a wide literature review. The framework emphasizes that regenerative systems maintain positive reinforcing cycles of wellbeing within and beyond themselves, especially between humans and wider nature, such that “life begets life.” We identify five key qualities needed in systems to encourage such dynamics: an ecological worldview embodied in human action; mutualism; high diversity; agency for humans and non-humans to act regeneratively; and continuous reflexivity. We apply the Lens to an envisioned future food system to illustrate its utility as a reflexive tool and for stretching ambition. We hope that the conceptual clarity provided here will aid the necessary acceleration of learning and action toward regenerative systems.One Eart
Identifying the drivers of circular food packaging: a comprehensive review for the current state of the food supply chain to be sustainable and circular
Get PDFThe resilience of food systems is jeopardized by using food packaging materials that have adverse impacts on the environment, food quality, food safety, shelf-life, food loss, and waste. Therefore, a transition into a more sustainable system can only be possible by adopting circular economy principles and practices that can facilitate the elimination of unsustainable packaging, irresponsible disposal behaviors, and waste management. This paper mainly focuses on circular packaging practices in the existing literature to reveal the drivers of circular food packaging applications. The study also displays the triple combinations of material-sector, material-CE, and sector-CE principles. As a methodology, a systematic literature review (SLR) has been used for this study. Furthermore, this study investigates the literature findings, such as the most frequently mentioned food sector and sub-sector, CE principles, materials adopted for food packaging, and so on. The primary contribution of this study to the body of literature is the synthesis and mapping of the literature as a whole from the perspectives of CE principles, both sector-based and national, and the materials used through circular food packaging, and the attempt to facilitate this transition into a more circular system by outlining the drivers of circular food packaging