Nnamdi Azikiwe University Journals
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PRE-ELECTION LITIGATION AND THE CRISIS OF INTERNAL PARTY DEMOCRACY IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC (1999–2023)
No full textPre-election litigation has become a defining feature of Nigeria’s electoral process, largely driven by weak internal party democracy. Internal party conflicts and issues have continued to plague the Nigerian political party system, resulting in increased internal problems within the parties and a surge in court cases. This has significantly affected the Nigerian democratic system, threatening its continued existence. It is against this background that this article critically examines how intra-party conflicts, ranging from flawed primaries to wrongful substitutions, have flooded the judiciary with disputes and destabilized Nigeria’s democratic consolidation. This work considered the existing legislation on the subject to identify the prospects of the existing legal structure, the challenges inherent in the legal structure, and also infused a comparative analysis of the pre-election litigation and internal party conflicts in Nigeria with that of other countries. In carrying out this research, the doctrinal method of data collection was adopted. This method involved the reliance on primary and secondary sources of law. The researcher found that the extant legal structure in Nigeria presented significant issues for pre-election litigation and internal party conflicts, including insufficient regulatory frameworks and the various claw-backs in the law. It was recommended that reforms in party structures, INEC’s oversight, and judicial approaches to pre-election matters should be employed in order to ensure that the Nigerian political system is effective, thereby ensuring wider voter trust in the system and the development of democracy in Nigeria.
ABC INVENTORY CONTROL MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY SERVICE DELIVERY OF SELECTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN SOUTH WEST NIGERIA.
No full textEffective inventory management plays a vital role in ensuring operational efficiency and quality service delivery in manufacturing. This study explores the relationship between Activity-Based Classification (ABC) inventory control and service delivery performance in selected manufacturing companies in South West Nigeria. The research was guided by two research questions, focusing on how the periodic inventory system influences responsive customer support in South West, Nigeria, and how Just-in-Time (JIT) inventory management impacts on-time delivery in South West Nigeria. Anchored on Systems Theory, the study employed a quantitative research design. Data were obtained from 300 purposively selected respondents across inventory, logistics, and customer service departments in the targeted firms. A structured questionnaire served as the primary instrument for data collection. To ensure the validity, the instrument was reviewed by domain experts. A pilot study involving 30 non-sample respondents was conducted to test reliability. The instrument yielded a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.83, confirming strong internal consistency. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, applying inferential statistics of Pearson correlation. Results reveal a significant positive relationship between the periodic inventory system and responsive customer support (r = 0.856, p = 0.032), suggesting that well-managed periodic reviews contribute to improved customer responsiveness. Additionally, a very strong and statistically significant correlation was found between JIT inventory management and on-time delivery (r = 0.976, p = 0.020), highlighting the efficiency of JIT practices in meeting delivery timelines. The findings underscore the need for manufacturing firms to strategically align inventory management practices with customer service objectives to boost competitiveness and service quality. The study recommends the adoption of technology-enhanced periodic inventory systems and the integration of JIT practices tailored to each firm’s operational structure and market demands. These measures are essential for improving responsiveness, reducing inefficiencies, and achieving sustainable service excellence
Geospatial Analysis of Telecommunication Masts Distribution in Ilorin South, Kwara State, Nigeria using GIS Techniques
No full textEffective management of telecommunication infrastructure is essential for the sustainable development of peri-urban and rapidly growing cities such as Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria. This study aims to map the distribution of telecommunication masts in Ilorin South Local Government Area using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. Primary data were collected through field observations with handheld GPS devices to record mast locations, while secondary data were sourced from service providers and satellite imagery. The data were analyzed using ArcGIS and Microsoft Excel to visualize and assess the spatial distribution of masts. Findings reveal that 86 telecommunication masts are distributed across the study area, with the majority operated by major network providers such as MTN Nigeria, GLO, 9Mobile, and Airtel Nigeria. The analysis indicates a clustered pattern of mast distribution, with several instances of co-location where multiple providers share infrastructure. This clustering is likely influenced by population density, network demand, and regulatory considerations. The study underscores the value of GIS in supporting network planning, ensuring equitable infrastructure distribution, and addressing safety and environmental concerns related to mast siting. The insights gained are crucial for telecommunication companies and urban planners, facilitating informed decision-making for future mast deployment and promoting compliance with regulatory standards. This approach can be replicated in other fast-developing regions to enhance telecommunication infrastructure management and urban development
Comparative Analysis of Artificial Neural Networks and Regression Models for Water Level Prediction Using Radar Altimetry in the Upper Niger River
No full textThe upper Niger River Basin experiences floodings and remains a recurring disaster, yet existing hydrological monitoring systems are limited by sparse in-situ observations and insufficient predictive accuracy. Traditional regression-based models struggle to capture the nonlinear dynamics of river systems, creating an urgent need for advanced approaches such as radar altimetry integrated with Artificial Neural Networks to improve water level prediction and flood early warning. This study explores the deployment of satellite radar altimetry for predictive modelling of water surface elevation in the Upper Niger River Basin, Nigeria. Satellite altimetry datasets from Jason-2, Sentinel-3, and SARAL/AltiKa, spanning a seven-year period, were integrated with in-situ hydrological measurements to evaluate their effectiveness in water level monitoring and flood forecasting. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and regression models were comparatively assessed to determine their predictive accuracy. Results showed that the ANN model consistently outperformed regression analysis across all performance metrics. ANN achieved higher correlation with observed data (R²= 0.8 - 0.95) compared to regression (R² = 0.60 - 0.80); while also recording significantly lower errors (RMSE = 0.20 - 0.50 m, MAE = 0.18 - 0.40 m) than regression (RMSE = 0.50 - 1.20 m; MAE = 0.45 - 1.00 m). Moreover, ANN predictions exhibited minimal bias (0.01 - 0.05 m), closely approximating the ideal zero, whereas regression models demonstrated systematic underestimation or overestimation. The study highlights the strong generalization capacity of ANN across diverse hydrological zones of the Niger River Basin, underscoring its suitability for operational flood monitoring and early warning systems
Integrating Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making and GIS for Sustainable Landfill Site Selection in Rapidly Urbanizing Ilorin City, Kwara State, Nigeria
No full textAn effective landfill site is essential for sustainable solid waste management, particularly in urban areas experiencing rapid population growth. This study develops a decision support framework for landfill site selection by applying Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) and weighted overlay techniques to evaluate potential landfill locations based on various factors. The study area covered Ilorin and its environs in Kwara State, Nigeria. The Fuzzy AHP was applied to determine the weights of relevant criteria, accounting for uncertainty in expert judgment. The weighted overlay technique was then used to integrate the various input criteria maps according to their assigned weights, thereby producing a landfill suitability map for the entire study area. The results of the findings show that 5% and 4% of the study area are unsuitable and less suitable, respectively, while 28% are moderately suitable, and 51% are suitable. On the other hand, 13% of the study area is highly ideal for landfill siting. The output suitability map was validated with two dumpsites. The old and decommissioned dumpsite at Ita Amo, which falls entirely within an unsuitable area, and the currently used site at Ago Aiyekale span both moderately suitable and suitable areas
Contributions of Fadama NG-CARES programme on livelihoods of beneficiaries in Kwara State, Nigeria
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic outbreak significantly affected the livelihoods of many rural people, mostly within the agricultural sector in Nigeria. The Nigeria COVID-19 Action Recovery and Economic Stimulus (NG-CARES) Programme, implemented as an extension of the National Fadama Development Project, aims to lessen these effects by providing immediate support to susceptible farmers. This study assesses the contributions of the Fadama NG-CARES programme to the livelihoods of rural households in Kwara State, Nigeria. The sampling procedures involved 3-stage random sampling of 180 beneficiaries. The data was collected through the use of a structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency count, mean score, and standard deviation. The result revealed that the mean age of the beneficiaries was 56.2 years, about 70.6% were male, about 68.9 % of the respondents had formal education, and the average annual income of the farmers was 370,138 Naira. The highest ranked contribution of Fadama NG-CARES programme to the farmers was the provision of food, nutrition, and safety extension services (mean = 3.06). About 76.7% of the respondents have a moderate level of contribution of the Fadama Ng-Cares Programme to the livelihoods of beneficiaries. The most severe constraint was the unpredictable rising cost of inputs (mean=3.13). The study recommends that there should be constant reviewing to identify gaps and expansion of the programme so as to accommodate more farmers that need such intervention, and there should be provision of financial support and resources to the beneficiaries. 
Impact of conservation outreach programmes on the attitude of support zones dwellers in Gashaka-Gumti National Park, Nigeria
No full textOutreach programmes on conservation played a significant role in promoting conservation objectives by affecting people’s attitudes and behaviour towards wildlife conservation and protection of their environment. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of conservation outreach programmes on the awareness and attitudes of support zones and enclave dwellers towards wildlife conservation in Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria. The research procedure involved the stratification of the study area into six ranges. The purposive sampling technique was used in selecting settlements, while random sampling was used for respondents. Structured questionnaires were used for the collection of data. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive (frequency and percentages) and inferential statistics (t-test at 95% probability level). Results obtained indicated the occurrence of outreach programmes such as extension (20.19%), school visits (15.46%), special campaigns (26.17%), television broadcasts (10.15%), printed materials (36.55%), and radio jingles (38.96%). The rate of occurrence of outreach programmes indicated monthly (27.88%) and quarterly (28.21%) as the most frequent. Affirmations of the positive impacts of outreach programmes on awareness and attitudes were 77.83% - 93.48% for awareness and 67.31% - 92.03% for attitudes. The occurrence of wildlife conservation outreach programmes in the support zone communities of Gashaka Gumti National Park impacted positively on the residents’ awareness and attitudes, resulting in a positive outcome. It is therefore recommended that the content, strategies, and intensity of the outreach programmes be improved upon for greater success of the programmes
Economic impact of backyard yam farming on household livelihoods in Delta North agricultural zone, Nigeria
No full textThe study assessed the economic importance of backyard yam farming among households in the Delta North Agricultural Zone, Nigeria. Multistage random sampling was used to select a total of 385 households across seven Local Government Areas for the study. Data were collected with the use of a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentage, mean, gross margin, and multiple regression were used for data analysis. The mean net profit earned by the farmers was ₦151,575.93, and the benefit-cost ratio of 2.63 indicated that backyard yam farming is profitable. Its contribution to household income was relatively low, averaging 15.2%, which suggests complementarity in livelihood. The significant determinants of income were farm size (β = 0.725, p-value <0.01), labour cost (β = -0.456, p-value <0.01), access to credit (β = 0.193, p-value <0.05), and farming experience (β = 0.287, p-value <0.01). Some of the identified binding constraints include pests (mean = 2.76), limited access to credit (mean = 2.54), and declining soil fertility (mean = 2.53). Identified coping strategies include traditional pest control (mean = 2.74), income diversification (mean = 2.84), and farmer groups (mean = 2.71). It was recommended that specific interventions involving improved credit facilities, mechanization, and extension services are required for improving productivity and sustainability
Family Dispute Mediation (Sulh) in Islamic Family Law: An Overview of Its Validity and Practice
No full textThe idea behind the resolution of disputes through amicable settlement process particularly Islamic oriented family is one of the most valuable instrument or tools in that regard. This process has succeeded in keeping the family tie intact and has contributed to peaceful and harmonious relationship. This article seeks to explore the validity or otherwise of this practice of resolving Islamic family disputes without resorting to conventional court practice and procedure. The article used a combination of two legal research methods. That is doctrinal and analytical research methods wherein primary and secondary sources of law were examined and analyzed. It is observed that lack of training and creating awareness for judges and stakeholders in amicable settlement of Islamic disputes particularly family ones contribute to accumulation of it. It is recommended that workshops, seminars and conferences be held on regular basis for them