Nnamdi Azikiwe University Journals
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IMPACT OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN ADOPTION OF SUSTAINABLE FARMING PRACTICES AMONG RURAL FARMERS IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThe aim of the study was to determine the impact of cooperatives in adoption of sustainable farming practices among rural farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria. Two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The survey research design was used in the study. The population of the study comprised 13,834 members of cooperatives in Anambra State. The sample of the study was 388 members of cooperatives. Standardized questionnaire was used to collect primary data from the respondents. Data for the study was analysed using simple regression. Finding of the study revealed that cooperative education and training influences the adoption of sustainable farming practices among rural farmers in Anambra State. Furthermore, findings showed that cooperative credit facilities significantly influence the adoption of sustainable farming practices among rural farmers in Anambra State. The researcher concludes that cooperative societies significantly influence the adoption of sustainable farming practices among rural farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria. The researcher therefore recommends that Government at all levels should increase its support and commitment towards promoting the activities of cooperative societies
HYBRID LEAN-AGILE FRAMEWORK AND OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA: A FOCUS ON CADBURY NIG PLC.
No full textThis study examines the effect of a Hybrid Lean-Agile Framework on operational efficiency in manufacturing firms, with a specific focus on Cadbury Nigeria Plc in Lagos. Manufacturing firms in Nigeria face persistent challenges such as high production costs, extended lead times, and significant operational waste, which traditional process improvement models have struggled to resolve. By integrating Lean Manufacturing’s waste-reduction principles with Agile\u27s adaptability and responsiveness, the hybrid framework aims to enhance productivity, responsiveness, and process optimization. A mixed-method research design was adopted, combining quantitative data from structured surveys with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews involving 260 employees. Key performance indicators—production lead time, waste generation, and productivity—were analysed before and after implementation. The results show a 25.4% reduction in production lead time, a 29.1% decrease in waste generation, and a 25% increase in productivity. Correlation and regression analyses confirmed statistically significant relationships between framework implementation and all three indicators. Qualitative findings further highlighted enhanced operational flexibility, improved interdepartmental communication, and greater employee engagement, though challenges such as resistance to change and training gaps were noted. The study concludes that the Hybrid Lean-Agile Framework significantly improves operational efficiency and offers a viable model for firms in volatile and resource-constrained environments
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND STRATEGIC POSITIONING OF BEVERAGE FIRMS IN SOUTH-EAST, NIGERIA
No full textThe Beverage industry is confronted with disruptive effects of rapid technological advancement and dynamic market conditions, understanding the factors that improve strategic positioning becomes imperative. This study examines the effect of digital transformation on strategic positioning of beverage firms in South-East, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to determine the effect of data analytics, leadership commitment and ecosystem partnerships on the selling proposition of beverage firms in South-East, Nigeria. This study adopts a descriptive research design. A sample size of 385 respondents was selected from a population of 10,384 employees of five selected beverage firms in Southeast Nigeria. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire. The research questions were analyzed using frequency distribution while the hypotheses were tested using linear regression analysis. The result revealed that: data analytics has a positive and significant effect on selling proposition of beverage firms in South-East Nigeria (β = 0.436, p = 0.000); leadership commitment has a positive and significant effect on selling proposition of beverage firms in South-East Nigeria (β = 0.442, p = 0.000); ecosystem partnership has a positive but statistically insignificant effect on selling proposition of brewery firms in Southeast Nigeria (β = 0.025, p = 0.534). The study concluded that, internal capabilities particularly data analytics and leadership commitment significantly shape the selling proposition of beverage firms in South-East Nigeria, while ecosystem partnerships currently exert minimal influence. The study therefore recommended that Chief Technology Officers (CTOs) in beverage firms should institutionalize the integration of advanced data analytics systems across all marketing and sales operations to enable data-driven hints that improve product positioning, customer targeting, and competitive value delivery, thereby enhancing their overall selling proposition
Effects of NRCRI Training Programmes on the Farmers Utilization of Improved Cassava Technologies in the Host Communities in Abia State, Nigeria
No full textThe National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike, despite her commitments on research and development activities, has been training and empowering farmers in Nigeria on improved root and tuber crops technologies for food security and poverty alleviation in the country. Many States in Nigeria have been trained and empowered on improved cassava technologies, including Abia State. The study was conducted to assess the effects of the training programmes conducted by NRCRI, Umudike to farmers in Abia State Nigeria. Multi stage sampling technique was used in the study. Two Local government Areas, Ikwuano and Umuahia South, were purposively selected for the study because they were trained and empowered as the host of NRCRI, Umudike. About 120 farmers were randomly selected and interviewed with a structured questionnaire, the data collected were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics The result showed that majority of the farmers were between the age of 31-50 years and majority are female and married. The level of utilization of NRCRI improved Cassava production technologies was low (X 2.09), also the level of improved cassava value addition technologies was not high (X2.04). with the mean of 2.50. The result showed a significant and positive effect of the training on the welfare status of the farmers in food and education with the mean (3.0 and 2.64). The coefficient of Education, Age, income and farm size were the major determinants of utilization of improved cassava technologies in the study area. The level of utilization of the technologies was low. It was recommended that the trainers should follow up or revisit the farmers to find out why the utilization was low
EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA.
No full textPoverty remains a critical barrier to sustainable economic growth in Nigeria, despite decades of poverty alleviation initiatives. Evaluating the effectiveness of these efforts is essential for guiding policy decisions. This study analysed the impact of poverty alleviation on economic growth in Nigeria from 1999 to 2023, using data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and the World Bank database. A multiple regression analysis was employed to explore the relationships between Poverty Alleviation Expenditure (PAE), Domestic Investment (DIN), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Credit to Small and Medium Enterprises (CSME), Per Capita Income (PCI), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The findings revealed that PAE and DIN positively influence GDP, reflecting their importance in driving economic growth. CSME also has a positive impact on GDP, indicating that credit availability to small and medium enterprises enhances economic activities and growth. Similarly, PCI positively affects GDP, underscoring the role of improved individual income levels in fostering economic expansion. Conversely, FDI negatively affects GDP, suggesting inefficiencies in its management. The overall regression model highlights the significant collective impact of these variables on GDP, confirming the importance of targeted economic interventions. Based on these results, the study recommends, the need for sustained and strategic investment in poverty alleviation programs to foster inclusive economic growth in Nigeria. 
FOOD SECURITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
No full textSustainable economic development remains one of the most powerful instruments for enhancing output, reducing poverty and improving the quality of life. However, Nigeria is faced with enormous development challenges such as high unemployment rate, inflation, high poverty rate, low institutional quality, huge infrastructure gap amongst others. To examine this concern, this study investigated the impact of food security on economic development in Nigeria using autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) estimation technique with time series data from 1990 to 2023. The ARDL results revealed that an increase in food utilization increased economic development in the short run, and decreased it in the long run. Additionally, the results showed that food availability, food accessibility and food stability decreased economic development in the short run. Meanwhile, in the long run, food availability, food accessibility, and food stability increased economic development in Nigeria. Furthermore, food inflation and climate change have negative impact on economic development in Nigeria both in the long and short run. Arable land however has positive impact in the short run and negative impact in the long run. Therefore, it is recommended that local food markets be promoted and small and medium sized enterprises encouraged to invest in agro-processing by creating an enabling environment and providing incentives for them. Also, the issue of insecurity should be tackled so that farmers can access farmlands. 
FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN NIGERIA
No full textAchieving full employment remains a persistent macroeconomic challenge in Nigeria, where unemployment is influenced by both financial and non-financial sector dynamics. This study examined the impact of financial development on Nigeria’s unemployment rate using the data for the period 1980-2023, focusing on four key dimensions: financial access, financial depth, financial efficiency, and financial stability. The study is anchored on the Keynesian and Neo-Keynesian theories of unemployment, the McKinnon-Shaw hypothesis, and the theory of financial intermediation, offering a comprehensive framework for understanding the link between financial systems and labour market outcomes. Using the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model, the analysis captures both the long-run and short-run asymmetric effects of financial development indicators on unemployment. The results reveal that in the long run, negative shocks to financial access and financial efficiency exert significant effects on unemployment, while other indicators such as financial depth and stability remain statistically insignificant. In the short run, however, none of the individual financial development variables show a statistically significant influence on unemployment. The error correction term is negative and significant, confirming a stable long-run relationship and indicating a relatively fast speed of adjustment toward equilibrium. The findings underscore the need for well-targeted financial sector reforms and inclusive financial policies that support labour market recovery and sustainable economic development. Based on the findings, the study concludes that financial development is an important but indirect and delayed mechanism for reducing unemployment in Nigeria. Therefore, reforms aimed at enhancing financial inclusion, improving financial market depth and efficiency, and stabilizing the financial system must be accompanied by policies that address labour market frictions, skill mismatches, and economic diversification
DECEPTIVE CONSUMER GOODS ADVERTISING IN NIGERIA: A CASE FOR PRO BONO AMMUNITION VIZ-A-VIZ COMPETITION LAW
No full textFalse misrepresentation is a phenomenon prominent in the law of contract but it is also a problem in the world of product marketing and advertising. While in contract law parties can bring an action for damages or redress, in advertising the consumer is left porous and without remedy. The objective of this paper is to consider the issue of deceptive advertising and the possibility of pro bono services to be offered by lawyers. The adopted modus operandi is what is popularly described as doctrinal research and it is exactly the method the researcher adopted for this research. As a desk-based activity, primary and secondary materials will also be sourced online, using legal databases to search for academic papers, legislation, and case law, all of which would aide in properly addressing the research questions raised.1The finding is that National Agency for Food, Drug, Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) are making an effort but there needs to emerge an extra layer of protection for the consumer
LEGAL REGIME FOR TAXING THE BLUE ECONOMY IN NIGERIA: RECONCILING ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY WITH FISCAL OBJECTIVES
No full textThe strategic integration of ocean-based economic sectors into national development planning, commonly framed within the paradigm of the blue economy, has gained prominence as a viable pathway for advancing sustainable growth, enhancing revenue generation, and promoting marine conservation in coastal states like Nigeria. However, Nigeria faces the challenge of designing a taxation regime that effectively mobilizes revenue from its marine sectors without compromising ecological sustainability. This study critically examined the intersection of taxation and environmental governance within Nigeria’s blue economy, assessing whether existing legal and institutional frameworks adequately support the dual pursuit of fiscal and environmental objectives. Adopting a doctrinal methodology with analytical and comparative perspectives, the research relied on key legal instruments such as the 1999 Constitution (as amended), the Federal Inland Revenue Service (Establishment) Act, the Petroleum Industry Act 2021, the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency Act, 2007 and relevant international frameworks, particularly SDG 14. Findings revealed a lack of sector-specific tax policies and weak integration of environmental concerns. The study recommends, amongst others, institutionalizing environmental fiscal reforms in Nigeria’s Tax Regime, enacting a comprehensive Blue Economy Tax Framework, empowering subnational governments to leverage marine taxation autonomously and enhancing data access and transparency in marine industries.
THE RISE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)-DRIVEN MARKETING: TRANSFORMING CONSUMER ENGAGEMENT AND PERSONALIZATION. A STUDY OF SELECTED CONSUMERS IN SOUTHEAST, NIGERIA
No full textThis study investigates the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI)driven marketing and its transformative effects on consumer engagement and personalization. The primary objectives were to examine the impact of AI-driven marketing on consumer engagement, personalization and challenges in implementation of AI-driven marketing strategies. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed via social media and email to ensure wide reach and respondent convenience using a survey of 500 consumer in southeast Nigeria. Content validity was ensured through expert view, The reliability was confirmed with Cronbach’s alpha value above 0.70. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic analysis while multiple regression and ANOVA the study’s hypotheses and finds reveal a significant positive effects of AI on consumer engagement, satisfaction and purchasing decision Highlighting the need for strategic AI integration to maximize marketing outcome.