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Influence of chelating agents and nickel on phenol utilization by pseudomonas species
Get PDFThis thesis is for the award of Master of Science (MSc.) in Environmental MicrobiologyThe effects of nickel and four chelating agents, trisodium citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tannic acid and potassium ferricyanide, at different concentrations in nutrient broth and a mineral salts medium supplemented with phenol, on the dehydrogenase activity of a Pseudomonas species, as well as the effects of nickel and trisodium citrate on phenol
biodegradation were investigated. The results showed that the bacterium was sensitive to nickel with an observed half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.613 mM and 0.0017 mM in nutrient broth and mineral salts medium, respectively. Trisodium citrate and ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid were most efficient in reducing the inhibitory effect of nickel mwhile the effects of tannic acid and potassium ferricyanide were not very pronounced. Nickel inhibited phenol degradation by Pseudomonas sp. The addition of trisodium citrate stimulated 84 the growth rate of the bacterium but had no significant effect on phenol degradation rate. The progress of growth was described by the integrated Haldane model with kinetic constants of µm 0.0967 h-1, Ks 78.289 mg/l, and Ki 346.687 mg/l at 500 mg/l initial phenol concentration. Maximum specific growth rate (µm) decreased in the presence of nickel, and increased with trisodium citrate addition. The results of the study showed that chelating agents could mitigate nickel toxicity. Also, they suggest that trisodium citrate could be used as a possible carbon
source in biodegradation studies
Onions (Allium Cepa, garlic (Allium Sativum), ginger (Zingiber Officinale), and pepper (Piper Guineense) on selected pathogenic bacteria and fungus
Get PDFThe article contains tables and figuresThe toxicity of garlic, ginger, pepper, and onion was studied on some clinical isolates. The isolates include: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus species, and Candida albicans. The crude extracts of the spices were obtained using 99% ethanol, 99% methanol, and hot water (100oc).Different graded concentrations of the extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) were prepared by pipetting one mill of the extract which yielded 100%, one mill of the extract plus one mill of water which yielded 50%, one mill of the extract plus 2 mills of distilled water which yielded 33.3%.The growth inhibitory effects of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts were examined using agar well diffusion method. The extracts were found to possess antimicrobial effects on the isolates by inhibiting their growths on the agar plates used. Hot water extracts of onion exhibited growth inhibitions on Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus species and Candida albicans with a mean of 11mm, 9.67mm, 4.67mm, 7.67mm, and 7mm respectively. Ethanol extracts of garlic exhibited growth inhibitions on Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus species and Candida albicans with a mean of 9.33mm, 7mm, 9.67mm, 9mm, and 11.33mm respectively etc. Organic extracts of methanol exhibited a higher growth inhibition when compared to organic extracts of ethanol, and aqueous extracts. The growth inhibitory effects of the crude extracts were compared with some third generation antibiotics: Ampicillin and Griseofulvin. The conventional antibiotics exhibited greater zones of inhibition compared to the crude extracts. Generally, garlic exhibited a higher growth inhibition when compared to other extracts.Department of Biological Science, FUT
Cabotage implementation in Nigeria: Analysis for improving coastal shipping business opportunities for local and joint venture operators
Get PDFThe article has tables and figuresThe year 2013 marked a decade of the implementation of cabotage law in Nigeria. This study analyzed the implementation of the policy over the 10 years period from 2004 to 2013. The aim of the study is to assess how the implementation of the policy has affected indigenous and foreign coastal shipping firms and how to use the policy to increase coastal shipping business opportunities for local ship operators. Data on number of cabotage vessels chartered from local and foreign shipping operators, their charter fees for each year covered the study were obtained. Assuming equal charter rate for cabotage vessels of local and foreign operators chartered in each year covered by the study, the research estimated the earned by each class of operator from charter fees. The difference of means statistical method was used to analyze the data on number of local and foreign ship operators vessels charter over the period and revenue earned from cabotage vessel. T-test was used to test each null hypothesis. Both null hypotheses H0A and H0B were rejected for the alternate hypotheses. The research found that Non-Nigerian (foreign) ship operators have earned more revenue and supplied more vessels to coastal shipping operations in Nigeria. It was recommended that the cabotage policy be amended remove the provision for waiver option to foreign vessel and encourage joint venture arrangement between local and foreign firms
Isolation and characterization of active principle in leaves of abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) and carica papaya (Paw-Paw)
Get PDFThis thesis is for the award of Master of Science (MSc.) in Pharmaceutical ChemistryThis study was aimed at the isolation, purification and characterization of the bioactive compound present in the neutral metabolites of Abelmoschus esculentus (Okro) and Carica papaya (Paw paw) leaves. The study has adopted both chemical analysis and biological assay to achieve this objective. Samples of Abelmoschus esculentus and Carica papaya leaves were dried at room temperature, pulverized and separately extracted with 250ml of ethanol using the Soxhlet extractor. Each crude extract was analyzed for its photochemical composition and then fractionated into acidic, basic and neutral metabolites. Antimicrobial analysis carried out on the crude extract and various metabolites clearly indicated that both plants possessed pharmacological properties. The neutral metabolites of both plants were found to be the most active of all and were purified by column chromatography using silica gel. The different fractions obtained from Abelmoschus esculentus leaf extract were labeled FA1, FA2, FA3 and FA4 whereas the fractions from Carica papaya leaf were labeled FC1, FC2, FC3 and FC4. A second antimicrobial evaluation was carried out on the purified fractions and the fractions which possessed the best antimicrobial potential (Fraction FA2 from neutral metabolite of Okro leaf and FC3 from neutral metabolite of paw-paw leaf) were selected for spectroscopic identification and structural elucidation using IR and GC/MS spectroscopic methods of analysis. Data analysis revealed that the bioactive compound in neutral metabolite of Okro leaf was Methyl oleate while that found in the neutral metabolite of pawpaw leaf was bis heptenoyl phythalate
Introduction to Agriculture
No full text2015/2016 Harmattan Semester Exam Question PaperFederal University of Technology, Owerr
Liquid metals: Searching for properties at elevated temperatures
Get PDFThis Inaugural Lecture Series of FUTO contains figures & tablesFederal University of Technology, Owerr
A safety culture improvement model for West Africa’s offshore sector
No full textThe article has table and figuresAbstract: The work analyzed safety paradigms presently being applied in the solution of West Africa’s security and safety problems and proffered solutions based on improved safety culture principles. In the study the safety orientation attributes of offshore vessel operators in West Africa were measured with a view to improving safety in offshore support vessels, Floating, Production, Storage and Operations (FPSO) vessels operating in the region. The contributions of safety orientation to the greening of the blue economy were also analyzed. Also analyzed in the work were accident rates in the sub region in recent times. The work suggested methods for improving operating safety climate in West Africa’s maritime domain. The
contributions of continuous learning as well as other safety paradigms were analyzed with a view to reducing accident rates inthe sector