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Corrosion inhibition properties of Gongronema latifollium extract in acidic media
No full textThis article contains tables and figuresCorrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl acid solution by Gongronemena latifolium (GL) extract was investigated by weight-loss and electrochemical techniques. A significant
decrease in the corrosion rate of mild steel was observed in the presence of the investigated additive and the inhibition efficiency was found to depend on the concentration of the GL
extract. The potentiodynamic polarization data indicated that this additive was of mixed type, but the anodic effect was more pronounced. Nyquist plots showed that on increasing
the extract concentration, the charge transfer resistance increased and double layer capacitance decreased. Adsorption of inhibitor GL extract on the mild steel surface is found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Increase in activation energy of corrosion process in presence of GL extract indicates physical adsorption
Phytochemical characterization and insecticidal property of Jatropha plant
Get PDFThis article contains tables and figuresPhytochemical analysis on the pulverized leaf sample of Jatropha curcas as well as the insecticidal activity of the ethanolic leaf extract on Callosobruchus maculatus was carried out. The study investigated the mortality rate as a result of treatment of grains with the leaf extract at different dilutions of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100mg/ml. These were tested against C. maculatus by treating 20g of bean sample with the extract and then infesting each in a plastic container with 20 adults of the insect and the untreated grains were used as the control. The plant extract resulted in a significant increase (P<0.001) in adult mortality at the end of 96 hours but there was no significance difference (P=0.084) after 24 hours. The result had a general dose-response characteristic. There was also significant variation in the phytochemical composition of the plant leaf. Compaared to other phytochemicals, the concentration of saponin and tannin were higher in the plant leaf
Evaluation of the fluid loss properties of pleurotus and its commercial availability
No full textA research article with tablesThis technical paper evaluates the drilling fluids formulated with the proposed biomaterial fluid loss additive, Pleurotus and the existing Poly-pac lo-vis . The laboratory measurements were carried out as per the API specifications. The drilling properties such as fluid loss and cake thickness were measured at room temperature, 120oF, 150 oF and 180 oF. The field polymer muds that are currently in use namely; Poly-pac lo-vis was used as control to the new proposed product. The filtrates of both the proposed biomaterial product and the existing Poly-pac lo-vis were then measured using the filter press. The cake thickness was also examined and measured. The results of proposed fluid loss additive when compared with the existing one shows that the filtrates obtained from low solids mud were 8.9ml, 9.9ml, 10.4ml, 11ml compared with 7ml, 8.2ml, 8.8ml, 9.5ml results measured from the Poly-pac lo-vis. That of the weighted muds are 8ml, 9ml, 9.8ml, 10.8ml and 5ml, 6ml, 6.9ml, 7.5ml for both the proposed additive and the existing one respectively. Both the proposed and the existing muds gave good results in both filtrate and filter cake measurements. Although the existing Poly-pac lo-vis is slightly better than the proposed Pleurotus in terms of filtrate but both gave good filtered cake thickness. The proposed material is not commercially available to be used in preparing drilling fluids but is environmentally friendly
Bioelectricity production and treatment of Abattoir wastewater in a ferricyanide catholyte H-type microbial fuel cell
No full textThe article has tables and figuresDual-chamber Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) were constructed using non-reactive polyacrylic containers of 1100ml with a working volume of 1000ml. 1000ml of the abattoir wastewater was fed into the anode chamber while equal volume 100mM Potassium Ferricyanide solution was fed into the cathode chamber. An Agar-salt Bridge (2% Agar and 1% NaCl) with dimension 10cm×3cm (length and radius) served as Proton Exchange Membrane. Rod-shaped carbon electrodes of length and diameter 12 cm × 1.2 cm were used. The Open circuit voltage, current, power density and physicochemical parameters were monitored. An initial Open circuit voltage of 459 mV, Current of 0.22 mA, and Power density of 22.10mW/m2 were recorded, which increased to give maximum Open Circuit Voltages of 736 mV, Current of 0.46mA, and Power density of 66.43mW/m2.The results also shows a 56.09%, 92.31%, 56.27%, 89.92%, 73.29% and 75.46% decrease for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Organic Carbon, Total Soluble solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Nitrate, and Nitrate-Nitrogen respectively, while a -3.58%, -3.51%, -4.21%, -228.76%, -226.07% and -226.16% increase was observed for Phosphates, Phosphorus, Orthophosphates, Ammonia, Ammonium Nitrogen and Ammonium respectively. The bacterial isolates identified were Bacillus species, Streptococcus species, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Effect of dietary inclusion of ginger meal (Zingiber Officinale) on broiler performance, serum lipid profile and carcass quality
Get PDFThis thesis is for the award of Masters degree (M.sc) in Animal Science and TechnologyThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of ginger meal (Zingiber officinale) on broiler performance, serum lipid profile and carcass quality. One hundred and eighty (180) day old broiler chicks (Cobb strain) were used, and divided randomly into 4 treatment groups, comprising 45 birds each and further subdivided into 3 replicates (15 birds/replicate). Each group was fed one of 4 formulated diets containing ginger meal at levels of 0%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%, at starter and finisher stages, for 8 weeks in a completely randomized design. At the termination of the experiment, 20 birds (5 birds per treatment) were selected, sacrificed and used for analyses of serum lipid profile, haematological constitution and post mortem microbial load on the meat. Results showed no significant (P > 0.05) effects of dietary ginger meal inclusion on live-weight, daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were not significantly affected (P > 0.05) while high density lipoprotein (HDL) was
significantly higher (P 0.05) was found on the ether extract of broiler meat associated with ginger meal inclusion in the diet. The haemoglobin, packed cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, total white blood cell and neutrophil were significantly increased (P 0.05) by the dietary ginger meal inclusion. Heavy bacteria growth of Salmonella species were observed in the broiler meat left after 10 hours of slaughter in all groups, including the control. Significant difference on organ proportion was observed only in the neck at 0.4% ginger meal level (P < 0.05). The 0.4% ginger meal treated group was significantly higher in dressing percentage (P < 0.05). Meat juiciness, flavour and hedonic score were not affected by ginger meal dietary treatment; however, meat tenderness was significantly higher at 0.4% and 0.6% ginger meal levels (P < 0.05) when compared to the control. Dietary inclusion of ginger meal in broiler diets within the levels reported in this study had positive effects on lipoprotein level and organoleptic quality of meat. It is therefore concluded and recommended that the dietary inclusion of ginger meal at 0.4% or 0.6% levels in broiler diets should be encouraged and adopted by poultry producers since it significantly increased broilers‘ serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) level, dressing percentage, carcass weight and meat tenderness
Mineralogical and physicochemical assessment of Ihioma coal in Imo State of Nigeria
Get PDFA research article with figures and tablesThe physicochemical characterization of coal samples from deposits provides mineral distribution and composition data for utilization by scientists and policy makers. The characterization of coal samples of Ihioma coal deposits in Imo state, Nigeria was performed using proximate and ultimate analyses. XRD and ICP-AES were used to characterize the coal samples for potential energy utilization. Proximate analyze determined fixed carbon content and volatile matter to be 51.5% and 38.5% respectively, an indication of a good coking material. The carbon % in the ultimate analyses was at 64.6% while O2, H2, N2 and S were all below 5% which showed the coal potential to emit lower emissions. ICP-AES chemical composition determined SiO2 to be the most abundant followed by Na2O. The XRD peaks classified Ihioma coal as having Quartz, Albite and Haematite. Material mapping by XRD showed that Al and Si were evenly distributed while S, Co and Fe were unevenly distributed. Thus Ihioma coal has features of ignition and can undergo spontaneous combustion, hence a good source of thermal energy. Results also confirmed Ihioma coal as a potential material for pigments and can be utilized for ceramics, pottery and ornamentals
Assessment of women participation in fish valued chain acivities in Buguma area of Rivers state, Nigeria
No full textA research article on" women participation in fish valued chain activities" done in collaboration with a FUTO staff. It contains tables.The study focused on the assessment of women participation in fish value chain in Buguma community, Asari-Toru local Government Area of Rivers state. Data were obtained from 56 women in the study area. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage and mean were used to analyse the data collected from the study. Findings revealed that 44.7% of the women are within the age range of 40-49 years, which makes them still energetic to actively participate in the fish value chain. Majority of the women had formal education with 42.9% with a mean household of size of 6-10 persons. Majority of the respondents are in a cooperative society 71.4%, about 55.3% have a farming experience of 10 years and above. Extension agents visit the study area with about 98.8% respondents. The average annual income gotten by the women was about N20,000. Stages involved in the fish value chain in the study area includes capture of fish, handling and sorting, processing, storage, marketing, advertising, distribution. The women are actively involved in each of the chain. It was noted that women have a high level of participation in fish value chain in Buguma community (89.3%). The problems faced by these women includes lack of modern facilities, lack of fund, insufficient wood fuel, lack of harvesting equipment’s, technical know-how of modern facilities and poor storage facilities with 98.8% respondents agreeing to it. Despite the participation of the women in fish value chain, they were hardly given attention by the extension agents who visited the study are