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Towards Intelligent e-Nose Surveillance in Cyber-Physical Domains
No full textCyber-Physical Security (CPS) challenges are
becoming a growing global concern owing to various device-to human vulnerabilities in today’s world. Traditional methods of
detecting bombs (e.g., spectroscopy-based techniques) and
monitoring sensitive environments are still inefficient due to
some lapses in their mode of operation. An invasive e-Nose
surveillance system is proposed as a more efficient technique
for explosives detection in crowed and less-crowded
environments. E-Nose Fog devices are introduced as
surveillance edge nodes with remote backup in e-Nose analytic
cloud environment. The system has the advantages of being
fast, automatic, and non-contact. The e-Nose Fog virtual logical
area network (VLAN) logically offers a virtual separation
between the e-Nose surveillance cameras, localized access
points and remote backup. It has the potential to aggregate
captured sensed events to provide robust security analytics
audit trail. In this paper, the sensed event packets are
quantified via simulation trials to observe the feasible quality
of service (QoS) metrics usable in networked scenarios. This
research will help security experts with both reactive and
proactive approaches of solving major security threats in CP
systems and other networked environments
Determining the optimum concentration of multiwalled carbon nanotubes as filtrate loss additive in field‑applicable mud systems
Get PDFThis research article is an original paper in exploration engineering and it was conducted in collaboration with a staff of FUTOIn a bid to combat fluid loss in muds where the effects of high downhole temperatures have pronounced effects on conventional fluid loss additives, several materials have over time been evaluated. One of such materials is the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Most studies in the literature limit the scope of their investigation to how the MWCNT affects mud rheology when added in minute concentrations (0.01–1 ppb). In this study, however, the performance of high concentrations (0.5–3 ppb) of multiwall carbon nanotubes as fluid loss control additives in field-applicable mud systems was put to the test. The essence was to establish an optimal concentration useful for field applications. The degree to which the introduction of varying concentrations of the MWCNT altered the muds capacity to control filter loss was the cardinal areas evaluated. The following are the major outcomes of the experimental study: The plastic viscosity, the yield point and the gel strengths showed a progressive increase as the concentration of the MWCNT in the mud increased for both the water- and oil-based muds. However, an optimum concentration of 2 ppb was observed for the water-based mud. For the filter loss tests on the oil-based mud, the results indicate that low concentrations (0.5 ppb) of the MWCNT led to high filter loss volumes (15 ml), but an increase up to 2.5 ppb reduced the margin of the filter loss volume by 52% (7 ml) from the initial value and a 50% decrease for the standard case. In the case of the water-based mud, equivalent amounts of MWCNT recorded less fluid loss than the standard. A moderately hard and firm cake was reported for all concentrations of the standard and MWCNT for the water- and oil-based muds; however, their cake thickness values were 2 mm and 1 mm for the water- and the oil-based muds, respectivel
Tribological behaviour of periwinkle shell powder-filled recycled polypropylene composites
Get PDFThis article contain tables and figuresPolymer composites are increasingly replacing metals in structures such as gears, wheels, clutches, housings, bushings and other areas where tribology is of great importance. Various ways are used to improve the tribological behaviour of neat polymers, and the most familiar method is the incorporation of fibres/fillers in the polymer to produce composites. In this present research, the tribological behaviour of periwinkle shell powder-filled recycled polypropylene composite was studied. Injection moulding was used for the preparation of the composites and the impact strength, wear resistance and fatigue strength were examined. SEM was utilized to support the discussion of the results. The results showed that the incorporation of periwinkle shell powder into polypropylene improved the wear resistance and fatigue strength but showed no improvement in impact strengt
Removal of phenol and selected anions from refinery wastewater using activated carbon from selected agrowastes
Get PDFThe article contains tables and figureRefinery wastewater was treated with activated carbon from rice husk (ARH) and corn cob (ACC) using batch method. Agrowastes were carbonized at 600oC and chemically activated, using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and used as adsorbents. Titrimetric and spectrophotometeric methods were adopted for the determination of phenol, and some anions (Phosphate, Nitrate – Nitrogen, Sulphate and pH) of refinery wastewater. Readings after treatment with the adsorbents were also recorded and the efficiencies of the adsorbents compared, to ascertain the dose at which purification was best achieved. Initial phenol concentration of 315.9 mg/l was reduced to 159.0±48.0 - 276.5±46.0 mg/l (ARH), 154.7±50,0 - 260.2±53.0 mg/l (ACC) and 132.5±21.0 - 201.9±1.0 mg/l (ARH + ACC). The efficiencies of the activated carbon were of the order: Rice husk + corn cob > rice husk > corn cob, while the corresponding dose efficiencies was: 15g >10g > 5g. The highest adsorption efficiency observed for anions were COD (49.15% by corn cob), BOD, (49.4% by corn cob), phosphate, (68.18% by Rice husk + corn cob), nitrate (70.68% by rice husk) and sulphate (56.68% by corn cob). Efficiency removal was in this order: Rice husk + corn cob > corn cob > rice husk and 15g >10g > 5g for the dosage. There was significant difference (p≤0.05) between the untreated and the treated refinery wastewater samples and a significant difference also exists between the adsorbents. Findings herein showed that activated rice husks and corn cobs are effective in adsorbing phenol and selected anions in refinery wastewate
