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Opportunities, Challenges, and Barriers Related to Hydrogen-powered Heavy-Duty Trucks for Road Transportation A Semi-Systematic Literature Review
No full textAbstract
As the logistics and supply chain management sector faces increasing pressure to reduce its environmental impact, adopting sustainable practices has become imperative. Technologies such as electric powertrains and hydrogen fuel are promising solutions. The purpose of this study is to increase our knowledge of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks (HDTs), identify research themes, and determine the lessons learnt regarding the opportunities, challenges, and barriers related to each theme. Through a semi-systematic literature review and keyword co-occurrence analysis using VOSiewer, five thematic clusters are identified: (1) automotive technologies, (2) environmental impact, (3) alternative energy sources, (4) energy storage and management, and (5) hydrogen technologies. The findings highlight significant challenges and barriers, such as the high costs of fuel cells (FCs) and hydrogen fuel and limited refuelling infrastructure. Despite these obstacles, hydrogen-powered HDTs have significant potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Managers might evaluate the long-term benefits of fuel-cell electric trucks (FCETs) and focus on training and skill development. Policymakers need to promote hydrogen demand and supply with adequate instruments, since effective collaboration on the supply chain is vital for the availability and distribution of hydrogen fuel. Future research should focus on real-life performance, durability, costs, and broader economic and social impacts to fully realise the potential of FCETs.Abstract
As the logistics and supply chain management sector faces increasing pressure to reduce its environmental impact, adopting sustainable practices has become imperative. Technologies such as electric powertrains and hydrogen fuel are promising solutions. The purpose of this study is to increase our knowledge of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks (HDTs), identify research themes, and determine the lessons learnt regarding the opportunities, challenges, and barriers related to each theme. Through a semi-systematic literature review and keyword co-occurrence analysis using VOSiewer, five thematic clusters are identified: (1) automotive technologies, (2) environmental impact, (3) alternative energy sources, (4) energy storage and management, and (5) hydrogen technologies. The findings highlight significant challenges and barriers, such as the high costs of fuel cells (FCs) and hydrogen fuel and limited refuelling infrastructure. Despite these obstacles, hydrogen-powered HDTs have significant potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Managers might evaluate the long-term benefits of fuel-cell electric trucks (FCETs) and focus on training and skill development. Policymakers need to promote hydrogen demand and supply with adequate instruments, since effective collaboration on the supply chain is vital for the availability and distribution of hydrogen fuel. Future research should focus on real-life performance, durability, costs, and broader economic and social impacts to fully realise the potential of FCETs
Crystal growth mechanism of nano nSc-Y/ZrO2 ceramic powders prepared by co-precipitation method
No full textAbstract
The method of co-precipitation is shown to yield nSc-Y/ZrO2 composite nanopowders with high density, good dispersion and crystallinity. Furthermore, the samples without Sc doping were mainly comprised of monoclinic ZrO2 phase and trace amounts of tetragonal ZrO2, whereas with the addition of Sc, the powders showed a great deal of tetragonal ZrO2 structure and a minor quantity of cubic phase ZrO2. By comparing the sintered specimens with undoped Sc and other sintered specimens with different dopant contents, it was found that the sintered samples with a doping ration of 6Sc-2Y-92Zr have denser microstructures as well as smaller activation energies for grain growth (162.48 kJ/mol). Notably, the sintering shrinkage of nSc-Y/ZrO2 ceramic powders with different dopant contents increases first and then decreases. The maximum linear shrinkage (41.67 %) and volumetric shrinkage (3.11 %) are observed at 6Sc-2Y-92Zr. Therefore, the addition of Sc helps to promote the degree of sintering of the Sc2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2 samples, but too much Sc leads to a smaller final shrinkage. The nSc-Y/ZrO2 nanopowders prepared in this experiment can be used to prepare nanoceramics with high density, high dispersion, and good crystallinity, which are good candidates for defense industry, thermal barrier coating.Abstract
The method of co-precipitation is shown to yield nSc-Y/ZrO2 composite nanopowders with high density, good dispersion and crystallinity. Furthermore, the samples without Sc doping were mainly comprised of monoclinic ZrO2 phase and trace amounts of tetragonal ZrO2, whereas with the addition of Sc, the powders showed a great deal of tetragonal ZrO2 structure and a minor quantity of cubic phase ZrO2. By comparing the sintered specimens with undoped Sc and other sintered specimens with different dopant contents, it was found that the sintered samples with a doping ration of 6Sc-2Y-92Zr have denser microstructures as well as smaller activation energies for grain growth (162.48 kJ/mol). Notably, the sintering shrinkage of nSc-Y/ZrO2 ceramic powders with different dopant contents increases first and then decreases. The maximum linear shrinkage (41.67 %) and volumetric shrinkage (3.11 %) are observed at 6Sc-2Y-92Zr. Therefore, the addition of Sc helps to promote the degree of sintering of the Sc2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2 samples, but too much Sc leads to a smaller final shrinkage. The nSc-Y/ZrO2 nanopowders prepared in this experiment can be used to prepare nanoceramics with high density, high dispersion, and good crystallinity, which are good candidates for defense industry, thermal barrier coating
Optimizing Value Propositions for Circular Business Models: The Interplay of Price, Brand, Quality, and Circularity
No full textAbstract
Despite the increasing interest in circular business models (CBMs), how they engage customers and other stakeholders is still under-researched, limiting their broader implementation. This study addresses this gap by examining how CBMs can foster engagement through their value propositions. Through a literature review, we identify four key dimensions of value propositions: brand, quality, price, and circularity. Using a discrete choice conjoint experiment (n = 365), we assess their impact on customer decision-making, offering valuable insights for advancing their engagement with CBMs. Our findings offer critical insights: lower prices significantly boost customer engagement, while high-end brands and high quality also drive higher engagement compared with their lower-end counterparts. Surprisingly, higher levels of circularity (reduce and reuse) reduce engagement, contrasting with lower levels of circularity (recycling) and linearity. These findings have both theoretical and practical contributions, highlighting how value propositions can enhance customer engagement and unlock the potential of CBMs to drive sustainable consumption.Abstract
Despite the increasing interest in circular business models (CBMs), how they engage customers and other stakeholders is still under-researched, limiting their broader implementation. This study addresses this gap by examining how CBMs can foster engagement through their value propositions. Through a literature review, we identify four key dimensions of value propositions: brand, quality, price, and circularity. Using a discrete choice conjoint experiment (n = 365), we assess their impact on customer decision-making, offering valuable insights for advancing their engagement with CBMs. Our findings offer critical insights: lower prices significantly boost customer engagement, while high-end brands and high quality also drive higher engagement compared with their lower-end counterparts. Surprisingly, higher levels of circularity (reduce and reuse) reduce engagement, contrasting with lower levels of circularity (recycling) and linearity. These findings have both theoretical and practical contributions, highlighting how value propositions can enhance customer engagement and unlock the potential of CBMs to drive sustainable consumption
Refugee Entrepreneurs' Growth Management Priorities in the Nordic Countries
No full textAbstract
There is a lack of comprehensive and contextual examination of the challenges that refugee entrepreneurs face in their new host countries. Gaining a deeper understanding of the host country can enhance the growth potential of immigrant-owned businesses. Early growth is a critical period for business survival and success of any business—it is a particularly challenging period for refugee entrepreneurs. This study bridges this gap by clarifying the priorities of business growth management in the Nordic context from the perspective of refugee entrepreneurs. These priorities, derived from the growth management literature, are categories where owner-managers allocate their attention and activities during early business growth. This multiple-case study used the critical incident techniques in data collection and analysis. The study clarifies the Nordic management context and culture from the perspective of refugee entrepreneurs in Finland, Sweden, Iceland, Denmark and Norway. The experiences of the refugee founders provide guidance for navigating the Nordic business culture, as well as hints for understanding why Nordics act the way they do. Context-smart knowledge may enable more diverse, equal and inclusive growth opportunities in the future.Abstract
There is a lack of comprehensive and contextual examination of the challenges that refugee entrepreneurs face in their new host countries. Gaining a deeper understanding of the host country can enhance the growth potential of immigrant-owned businesses. Early growth is a critical period for business survival and success of any business—it is a particularly challenging period for refugee entrepreneurs. This study bridges this gap by clarifying the priorities of business growth management in the Nordic context from the perspective of refugee entrepreneurs. These priorities, derived from the growth management literature, are categories where owner-managers allocate their attention and activities during early business growth. This multiple-case study used the critical incident techniques in data collection and analysis. The study clarifies the Nordic management context and culture from the perspective of refugee entrepreneurs in Finland, Sweden, Iceland, Denmark and Norway. The experiences of the refugee founders provide guidance for navigating the Nordic business culture, as well as hints for understanding why Nordics act the way they do. Context-smart knowledge may enable more diverse, equal and inclusive growth opportunities in the future
Multispecies
No full textAbstract
This chapter introduces the multispecies concept and approach, first in general and then in the context of childhood studies, and finally discusses some of the current critiques and potentials. The notion of interpretation is examined throughout the chapter. The multispecies approach challenges us to consider the interpretative abilities and interpretations of other beings, thus calling into question the human-only stories of our times. In the context of childhood, it can help to cast light on the complexity of the worlds children and other species share and to develop situated research methods.Abstract
This chapter introduces the multispecies concept and approach, first in general and then in the context of childhood studies, and finally discusses some of the current critiques and potentials. The notion of interpretation is examined throughout the chapter. The multispecies approach challenges us to consider the interpretative abilities and interpretations of other beings, thus calling into question the human-only stories of our times. In the context of childhood, it can help to cast light on the complexity of the worlds children and other species share and to develop situated research methods
Glacier funerals as dark events of the Anthropocene
No full textAbstract
This chapter explores the relatively recent phenomenon of glacier funerals. Glacier funerals started with Okjökull, in 2019, said to be the first Icelandic glacier to have disappeared due to climate change. Shortly after Okjökull’s funeral, several other glacier funerals followed in Switzerland, France, and Oregon, USA. While these funerals represent venues for both the expression of loss-related emotions and a transition toward grief for local affected communities, they also become active mediatic tools for staged climate change awareness campaigns. In this context, glacier funerals become dark events of the Anthropocene, serving various purposes and divergent agendas. As the climate crisis worsens and glaciers disappear, it is expected that more of these funerals will take place in the coming decades.Abstract
This chapter explores the relatively recent phenomenon of glacier funerals. Glacier funerals started with Okjökull, in 2019, said to be the first Icelandic glacier to have disappeared due to climate change. Shortly after Okjökull’s funeral, several other glacier funerals followed in Switzerland, France, and Oregon, USA. While these funerals represent venues for both the expression of loss-related emotions and a transition toward grief for local affected communities, they also become active mediatic tools for staged climate change awareness campaigns. In this context, glacier funerals become dark events of the Anthropocene, serving various purposes and divergent agendas. As the climate crisis worsens and glaciers disappear, it is expected that more of these funerals will take place in the coming decades
Productization Logic and DFX Principles in Mobile Game Development
No full textAbstract
The gaming industry continuous to evolve through diverse design philosophies, business models, and gameplay mechanics, driven by technological advancements and shifting consumer expectations. As games become more accessible and embedded in everyday life, design approaches must increasingly incorporate diverse user experiences and player-centric strategies. In the Free-to-Play (F2P) model, a game’s commercial success typically depends on three core pillars: user acquisition, user retention, and monetization. These pillars rely on real-time coordination of production and consumption of gaming experiences. Effective monetization must generate revenue while maintaining player satisfaction, requiring business models that enhance value without disrupting gameplay. To address these challenges, this study proposes adopting productization logic, applying structured commercial, and technical frameworks to game development. Productization bridges development and customer needs, ensuring software is packaged for both high quality and strategic fit. In support of this, Design for X (DfX) offers tools for considering product requirements from both user and strategic perspectives. Building on these ideas, the study introduces a novel framework: Design for Product Market, which integrates market demands into mobile game design. This approach not only enhances commercial outcomes but also fosters innovation by connecting creative design with real-world market feedback.Abstract
The gaming industry continuous to evolve through diverse design philosophies, business models, and gameplay mechanics, driven by technological advancements and shifting consumer expectations. As games become more accessible and embedded in everyday life, design approaches must increasingly incorporate diverse user experiences and player-centric strategies. In the Free-to-Play (F2P) model, a game’s commercial success typically depends on three core pillars: user acquisition, user retention, and monetization. These pillars rely on real-time coordination of production and consumption of gaming experiences. Effective monetization must generate revenue while maintaining player satisfaction, requiring business models that enhance value without disrupting gameplay. To address these challenges, this study proposes adopting productization logic, applying structured commercial, and technical frameworks to game development. Productization bridges development and customer needs, ensuring software is packaged for both high quality and strategic fit. In support of this, Design for X (DfX) offers tools for considering product requirements from both user and strategic perspectives. Building on these ideas, the study introduces a novel framework: Design for Product Market, which integrates market demands into mobile game design. This approach not only enhances commercial outcomes but also fosters innovation by connecting creative design with real-world market feedback
Mapping the co-evolution of customer experience and customer journey research: a bibliometric review and future research agenda
No full textAbstract
Purpose:
Despite extensive literature reviews examining customer experience (CX) and the customer journey (CJ) separately, a comprehensive historical analysis that systematically explores their connection and co-evolution is lacking. Addressing this gap, the present study aims to systematically examine the emergence and co-evolution of CX and CJ research.
Design/methodology/approach
A bibliometric-based review analyzed metadata from 1,634 scholarly articles (1,328 on CX and 306 on CJ), which were systematically retrieved from the Web of Science database using rigorous selection criteria. This article employs science mapping (i.e. thematic evolution and map) and automated content analysis (i.e. concept map) by using Bibliometrix and LexiPortal.
Findings;
This article maps the intellectual evolution of CX and CJ research over four decades, revealing five distinct periods characterized by shifts in focus, from early work on satisfaction and service quality to increasingly complex and technology-enhanced experiences. The analysis uncovers how CX and CJ have developed in parallel and often interwoven ways. Synthesizing these insights, the study introduces a future research agenda structured around three core building blocks of CX/CJ: Touchpoints, Contexts and Qualities.
Originality/value:
This study advances the service literature by offering a longitudinal, evidence-based view of how CX and CJ research have evolved, highlighting their growing integration and conceptual refinement. It helps clarify the intellectual roots and key developments in both fields, guiding future scholarship. For practitioners, the findings offer a clearer foundation to navigate the complexity of customer interactions and design more coherent, inclusive and transformative experiences.Abstract
Purpose:
Despite extensive literature reviews examining customer experience (CX) and the customer journey (CJ) separately, a comprehensive historical analysis that systematically explores their connection and co-evolution is lacking. Addressing this gap, the present study aims to systematically examine the emergence and co-evolution of CX and CJ research.
Design/methodology/approach
A bibliometric-based review analyzed metadata from 1,634 scholarly articles (1,328 on CX and 306 on CJ), which were systematically retrieved from the Web of Science database using rigorous selection criteria. This article employs science mapping (i.e. thematic evolution and map) and automated content analysis (i.e. concept map) by using Bibliometrix and LexiPortal.
Findings;
This article maps the intellectual evolution of CX and CJ research over four decades, revealing five distinct periods characterized by shifts in focus, from early work on satisfaction and service quality to increasingly complex and technology-enhanced experiences. The analysis uncovers how CX and CJ have developed in parallel and often interwoven ways. Synthesizing these insights, the study introduces a future research agenda structured around three core building blocks of CX/CJ: Touchpoints, Contexts and Qualities.
Originality/value:
This study advances the service literature by offering a longitudinal, evidence-based view of how CX and CJ research have evolved, highlighting their growing integration and conceptual refinement. It helps clarify the intellectual roots and key developments in both fields, guiding future scholarship. For practitioners, the findings offer a clearer foundation to navigate the complexity of customer interactions and design more coherent, inclusive and transformative experiences
Swelling behavior and stress analysis of hematite pellets: Predicting failure through distortion energy criteria
No full textAbstract
This study investigates the reduction swelling behavior and stress distribution in hematite pellets under varying hydrogen atmospheres (60–100 % H2), temperatures (1073–1273 K), and pressures, employing distortion energy theory (DE) and a swelling model. The results indicate that higher H2 increase the removal rates but significantly intensify the swelling due to rapid phase changes, porosity evolution, and the formation of a metallic iron whisker shell. The most severe swelling is observed at 1273 K and 100 % H2, driven by intensified reduction kinetics and structural instabilities. Conversely, at 1073 K and 60 % H2, slower reduction rates result in reduced swelling. Swelling consistently tends to increase with higher temperatures, H2 concentrations, and pressures, with gas composition critically influencing the swelling index and stress distribution. Lower hydrogen concentrations reduce radial and tangential stress magnitudes, enhancing mechanical stability. Crack propagation is observed at 1273 K across all hydrogen levels, while at 1173 K, cracks occur only in 100 % H2, and at 1073 K, no cracks form at any concentration, demonstrating the interplay between temperature and hydrogen concentration in influencing material integrity. Such findings underlined that the optimal operating conditions should be selected to minimize swelling and mechanical failure under the reduction process.Abstract
This study investigates the reduction swelling behavior and stress distribution in hematite pellets under varying hydrogen atmospheres (60–100 % H2), temperatures (1073–1273 K), and pressures, employing distortion energy theory (DE) and a swelling model. The results indicate that higher H2 increase the removal rates but significantly intensify the swelling due to rapid phase changes, porosity evolution, and the formation of a metallic iron whisker shell. The most severe swelling is observed at 1273 K and 100 % H2, driven by intensified reduction kinetics and structural instabilities. Conversely, at 1073 K and 60 % H2, slower reduction rates result in reduced swelling. Swelling consistently tends to increase with higher temperatures, H2 concentrations, and pressures, with gas composition critically influencing the swelling index and stress distribution. Lower hydrogen concentrations reduce radial and tangential stress magnitudes, enhancing mechanical stability. Crack propagation is observed at 1273 K across all hydrogen levels, while at 1173 K, cracks occur only in 100 % H2, and at 1073 K, no cracks form at any concentration, demonstrating the interplay between temperature and hydrogen concentration in influencing material integrity. Such findings underlined that the optimal operating conditions should be selected to minimize swelling and mechanical failure under the reduction process