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Performance Of Bean Genotypes Under Disease Pressure In Different Environments And Planting Dates In Western Kenya
No full textThe common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), plays an important dietary role as the second most important source of human dietary protein and the third most important source of calories of all agricultural commodities produced in eastern and southern Africa. Dry bean farming in Western Kenya faces challenges of diseases attributed to a limited number of released bean varieties with multiple disease resistance. This study assessed the performance of bean genotypes under varying disease pressure over multiple environments and different planting dates. Common bean varieties were planted in upper-midland zone 1 and upper-midland zone 3-4 in Kakamega County and upper-midland zone 2, upper-midland zone 4 and lower-midland zone 2 in Bungoma County over different sowing dates in the short rains of 2016 and the long rains of 2017. Natural infection of the genotypes by diseases was allowed to occur. Disease intensity, yield and yield components data were collected and subjected to combined analysis of variance with differences between treatments compared at p ≤ 0.05.
Diseases observed were anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), scab (Elsinoë phaseoli), angular leaf spot (Pseudocercospora griseola), rust (Uromyces appendiculatus), floury leaf spot (Mycovellosiella phaseoli), Cercospora leaf spot, common bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli), halo blight (Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola), bacterial brown spot (Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae), bean common mosaic virus, bean common mosaic necrosis virus and golden mosaic virus.
The environment had an effect on both disease pressure and yield as the agro-ecological zones performed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) different to each other. Upper midland zone 1 was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) the best performing environment with 1.9 t/ha in the long rains and 1.5 t/ha in the short rain season. Upper midland zone 1 and UM 2 also had higher disease pressure compared to lower lying UM 4 and LM 2. Rust and scab had the highest intensity
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among the diseases with 44.7 and 51.8% respectively in the short rain season. Genotypes reacted variably to disease pressure in the environments with variety Red 16 generally having the least disease pressure and highest yields of 2.2 and 1.3 t/ha in the long and short rains, respectively. There was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) less disease pressure in the early plantings compared to late plantings. Yield significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased as disease pressure increased with lateness of sowing therefore late planting had a combination of high disease pressure and low yields compared to early planting.
This study shows that at the environment level, abiotic factors such as precipitation outweigh diseases in their influence on the overall performance of the genotypes. However, disease intensity has an important role on the performance of varieties within an environment. The highest yields are achieved through early planting, as this is when overall disease pressure is lowest. Early planting of beans is a strategy that can effectively manage diseases and should be included in integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) strategies. Varieties Red 16, Cal 33 and Cal 194 showed multiple disease resistance, were high yielding and stable and can be recommended to farmers or further improved by incorporating missing resistance
Role of Crisis Communication in Managing Stakeholders’ Perceptions in Corporate Organisations in Kenya: the Case of Kenya Tea Development Agency
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between crisis communication and stakeholders’ perception in corporate organisation with Kenya Tea Development Agency as a case study. It investigated the communication approaches used by Kenya Tea Development Agency corporate affairs team to manage the perceptions of smallholder tea farmers towards the agency in 2014 when tea revenues dropped. The study evaluated the appropriateness of communication tactics used during the crisis and examined the effects of crisis communication on the behaviours of tea farmers. It also investigated the different dimensions of perceptions during the crisis. The study was guided by the stakeholder theory and the co-orientation model that were used to explain, predict, and understand the relationship between crisis communications and farmers’ perception. The study employed a mixed-methods approach of both quantitative and qualitative. It sampled 400 tea farmers from a population of 600,000 smallholder tea farmers spread across the 16 tea growing counties in Kenya. The research sites included Kisii, Muranga, Kirinyaga and Embu counties. The findings showed that the agency failed to communicate to farmers with speed, allowing the media to disseminate messages first, in a distorted, erroneous way. This heightened the crisis and injured the reputation of the agency, damaging its relationship and goodwill with tea farmers. The study also found out that during the pre-crisis and post-crisis stages, the agency did little to engage tea farmers. The agency only became active during the crisis itself when it employed several communication tactics to relay profit warning messages to tea farmers. Even then, most of the channels of communications used were one-way: from the agency to tea farmers. The study further found out that some tea farmers already had major negative perceptions – emanating from past unresolved issues – before the crisis erupted. The study also found that there are two types of perceptions: micro and macro. These two categories of perceptions, however, call for further investigations to examine how they are formed and how they affect the relationship between organisations and their stakeholders. The study concluded that Kenya Tea Development Agency should have been more strategic in its communication during the 2014 crisis to influence farmers’ perception and consequently their behaviours. That way, the agency could have come out of the crisis with few damages and not a total harm. To reduce reputational damages while influencing the perceptions of stakeholders, the agency should have acted with speed using appropriate communication channels - paid, earned, shared or owned - at all the stages of the crisis: pre-crisis, crisis response and post-crisis. Also, the agency should have constantly engaged tea farmers to build goodwill and foster a mutual relationship. The study recommended that the agency’s corporate affairs team should frequently communicate with tea farmers, using appropriate channels, throughout any crisis to foster a good working relationship and to safeguard the tea industry that is the mainstay of Kenya’s economy. The agency, and in deed other organisations, must also strive to build its relationship with the media by prioritising their requests and organising regular briefs. Admittedly, the media has no equal and is the reporter of the high court of public opinion
Influence of Myimaths Application on Learners’ Proficiency on Arithmetic Concepts in Preschools Implementing the British National Curriculum in Dagoretti North Sub – County Nairobi Kenya
No full textTeaching mathematics to preschoolers is therefore a matter of great importance as it forms the foundation of educational concepts in all areas of learning. Several scholars have laid different methods of teaching mathematics and the study will focus on a new concept of teaching the subject. The study purposes to investigate the influence of Myimaths application on preschoolers’ proficiency on arithmetic concepts in preschools implementing the British National Curriculum in Dagoretti North Sub – County in Nairobi. The study was guided by four research objectives aimed to establish the influence of a manipulative number grid and number line and to investigate the influence of teacher and parental involvement in preschooler’s proficiency on arithmetic operations. The adoption of online applications for teaching preschoolers basic mathematical concepts has been growing steadily, mainly because these applications integrate a variety of teaching learning activities thereby making the processes less strenuous and with great results. Online applications such as Myimaths have been recognized to enhance learner development in arithmetic skills at ECD level, little has been documented about the same in Kenya and thus necessitated the study. The Literature reviewed was discussed in light of the variables influenced by Myimaths application with regard to achievements in arithmetic concepts. The study was based on constructivist theory which emphasizes on construction and comprehension of epistemology. The study applied mixed method research design, which included descriptive survey design methods as data was generated using structured questionnaires, pre-tests and post-tests. The study targeted 2 preschools that implement the BNC curriculum, hence the study applied purposive sampling technique. Questionnaires and achievement tests were the tools that solicited information from 30 individual preschoolers, 7 preschool teachers and 11 parents. Data analysis and processing involved quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques where editing, coding and thematic categorization of data was. The data was presented in form of tables, pie charts and figures. Results of the study indicated that Myimaths application was particularly influential in enhancing preschoolers’ arithmetic skills and execution of operations. The number line and number grid influenced the concepts of subtraction and multiplication more than addition and division. The study indicated in a pre-test using a number line, the average score in RNS preschoolers was 92 percent while SAA had an average score of 82 percent. In the post-test RNS scored 96 percent while SAA scored 93 percent in arithmetic operations. The findings reveal that use of online math application boosts arithmetic proficiency in preschoolers. Hence, the findings lead to the conclusion that all preschoolers in both BNC and 2-3-3-3 curriculum be introduced to online platforms that introduce, teach and reinforce the arithmetic operations and skills. The study recommends that policy makers, Ministry of Education, Curriculum developers, KICD and all concerned priorities developing or adopting an online application that would be implemented national wide with the new Competence Based Curriculum
Relationship between Participation in formal continuous Professional Development, Job satisfaction and attitude towards Patient Care among Nurses in Embu County
No full textIn Kenya, nurses form a largest part of multi -disciplinary health care team. They are the backbones of healthcare and frontline service providers providing direct patient care in all health care facilities. Therefore, to offer safe, timely and quality health care, they must become life- long learners through participation in continuous professional development. Participation in CPD should not only improve knowledge, skills and performance of workers but also their productivity in terms of job satisfaction and attitude. The objective of this research was hence, to determine influence of participation in CPD on job satisfaction and attitude towards patient care among nurses in Embu County. Empirical literature was reviewed in regard to job satisfaction with its different attributes: pay, supervision, promotion, working condition and coworker relationship. Also examined was empirical literature on attitude. The target population was 532 nurses employed in public health facilities in Embu County. Stratified random sampling was utilized to acquire a sample of 385 nurses dispersed in four sub-counties. Self-administered questionnaire was utilized for collection of data. To analyze collected data, both inferential and descriptive statistics were utilized. The study findings were as follows: Multinomial logistic regression outcomes specified that formal CPD had positive effect on job satisfaction (β=.4863, t= 0.99, p= 0.323. LPM regression results indicated that individuals who had attended formal CPD training were found to have positive attitude compared to those who had not had the training (β=.0138508, t=0.17, p= 0.868). Chi-Square test for correlation between job satisfaction and attitude indicated that job satisfaction and attitude are interrelated (χ2=.7563, p=.944, Φ=.0665.T-test results for the difference in means of job satisfaction and formal CPD, indicated that there is analytically notable difference in means of the two samples (t=20.1141, p=.0000).T-test results for the difference in means between formal CPD and attitude designated that there is statistically insignificant variance in means of the two samples (t=-0.8829, p=.3786). T-test results for the difference in means of job satisfaction and attitude showed statistically crucial distinction in reference of the two specimens (t=1.9532, p=.0000). The study concluded that participation in continuous professional development influences the level of nurse’s job satisfaction. Nurses who had participated in continuous professional development had positive attitude than those who did not participate. Also, there is a noteworthy relation amid job satisfaction and attitude towards patient care among nurses in Embu County. The study therefore recommends that nurses and other healthcare professionals should be motivated to take part in formal CPD
Taswira Ya Jamii Katika Riwaya Za Yasinya Na Mwanasiasa
No full textKwa namna ya kulinganisha na kulinganua, tasnifu hii imechunguza taswira ya jamii katika riwaya ya Yasinya (2014) ya Leonard Sanja Leo na Mwanasiasa (2014) ya Swale Mdoe. Tatizo la utafiti wetu limekuwa kuhakiki maudhui ya mgawanyiko wa jamii kitabaka katika riwaya hizo kwa msingi wa nadharia ya u-Marx wa kirasimi. Uchunguzi wetu katika tafiti za awali kuhusu uhakiki wa maudhui katika riwaya umeonyesha kwamba maudhui hayo — japo ndiyo yanayosisitizwa katika nadharia inayohusika — hayajashughulikiwa katika riwaya teule. Lengo letu la kwanza limekuwa kuhakiki maudhui, kutathmini uhalisia wake na kuonyesha kiasi cha kuhusiana kwa maudhui katika Yasinya na Mwanasiasa na suala la mgawanyiko wa jamii kitabaka. Lengo la pili limekuwa kubainisha jinsi fani kwa jumla ilivyotumiwa kuwasilisha maudhui ya mgawanyiko wa jamii kitabaka katika riwaya teule.Kazi yenyewe ina sura nne.Sura ya kwanza ina utangulizi, tatizo la utafiti, maswali ya utafiti, malengo ya utafiti, umuhimu wa utafiti, upeo na mipaka ya utafiti, yaliyoandikwa kuhusu mada, misingi ya nadharia, haipothesia na mbinu za utafiti. Katika sura ya pili, tumehakiki maudhui, tukatathmini uhalisia wake na kuonyesha kiasi cha kuhusiana kwa maudhui hayo na suala la mgawanyiko wa jamii kitabaka. Sura ya tatu imebainisha jinsi fani — kwa jumla — ilivyotumiwa kuwasilisha maudhui ya mgawanyiko wa jamii kitabaka katika riwaya za Yasinya na Mwanasiasa. Sura ya nne ina hitimisho la utafiti ambapo tumetoa maelezo ya kina kuhusiana na malengo ya utafiti. Aidha, tumechunguza ufaafu wa nadharia ya u-Marx wa kirasimi na changamoto za utafiti. Mwisho kabisa, tumetoa pendekezo kuhusu utafiti wa baadaye, tukaweka muhtasari wa hitimisho na orodha ya marejeleo.Kwa ufupi, matokeo ya utafiiti huu yamekuwa kwamba maudhui makuu ya mgawanyiko wa jamii kitabaka ni umaskini na utajiri. Maudhui hayo yamewasilishwa kiuhalisia japo kuna ukwepaji wa uhalisia kwa viwango tofauti katika riwaya teule. Ni kupitia kwake ambapo matabaka makuu katika jamii yamesawiriwa. Tabaka la matajiri ni la watawala, ukoo na washirika wao huku la maskini likiwa la watawaliwa. Kwa hivyo, matabaka makuu katika jamii ya sasa hayakusawiriwa kama Marx alivyoyaeleza.Hivi ni kutokana na mfumo wa kiuchumi, ulio ubepari uchwara, unaoendelezwa katika jamii zinazowakilishwa na riwaya tulizozihakiki na ambao ndio pia unaotawala mataifa ya Kiafrika kwa sasa. Katika mfumo huo, matabaka aliyoyazungumzia Marx (mabwanyenye na wafanyikazi) na yaliyokuwa na dhima ya kuzua mivutano ili kuiwezesha jamii kuendelea na kufikia ukamilifu wa kinjozi kupitia ngazi za kiuchumi: ujima, utumwa, umwinyi, ubepari, ujamaa na kisha ukomunisti hayapo. Kwa mujibu wa riwaya teule, mivutano iliyopo katika jamii ni baina ya tabaka tawala na tabaka tawaliwa. Hata hivyo, nafasi ya mivutano hiyo kuleta maendeleo chanya ya jamii ni finyu mno hasa katika riwaya ya Yasinya
Impact Of Real Estate Sector Growth On The Tax Revenue Growth In Kenya
No full textThis study sought to examine the impact of the growth of the real estate sector on the tax revenue growth in Kenya. The study was based on secondary time series data collected for the period 1984-2017. An OLS regression model was employed in the assessment of interrelations between the variables of interest. The results of the regression model revealed that 1% growth in real estate sector significantly increased tax revenue growth by 0.12%. A 1% growth in the manufacturing sector produced 0.98% significant increase in tax revenue. It also emerged that a 1% growth in the agricultural sector caused the tax revenue growth to slow down by 0.69%. In addition, the results showed that 1%increase in the growth of real estate sector and tax reforms resulted in a 0.12% and 3.09% significant increase in tax revenue, respectively. The results further established that growth in GDP and the external sector did not have a significant effect on tax revenue growth. The study thus recommends that the Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) should continue innovating on measures for continued increase of tax revenue from the real estate sector since the impact is positive and significant. In this regard, KRA should pursue awareness programs and campaigns to encourage and remind citizens to pay their taxes. In the same light, the government should offer tax incentives to property owners
Effects of Green Business Practices on an Organization’s Performance a case Study of Safaricom Limited, Nairobi-Kenya
Get PDFGreen business practices are now an important area of focus for companies globally especially in Developed Countries. Rising temperatures, high fuel costs and changing weather patterns are considered as punishments for years of neglecting the environment and to this end Kenya is no exemption. This study sought to established how green business practices affect organizational performance. The specific objectives of the study were to: establish the various green business practices implemented at Safaricom; examine the effects of green business practices on financial wellbeing of Safaricom; examine the effect of the green business practices on Safaricom’s employee job satisfaction and finally discuss difficulties faced by Safaricom in implementing green business practices. The following null hypotheses were set as a guide: there are significant effects of green business practices on Safaricom’s profit; there is significant effect of green business practices on Safaricom’s employee’s job satisfaction. The target population of this study was 350 respondents drawn from Safaricom PLC headquarters Nairobi office. Stratified multistage simple random sampling technique was used where the sample was stratified into the 11 departments of Safaricom Limited that include Technology; Internal Audit; Financial Services; Resources; Customer Operations; Enterprise Business Unit, Business Development; Consumer Business Unit; Corporate security, Finance and Corporate Affairs. The sample was further clustered into four stages according to the position of employees in Safaricom which were senior management, managers, senior staff and junior staff. Finally, simple random sampling method was adopted in selecting 106 respondents where only 85 respondents completed and returned their questionnaires. The study used a questionnaire which consists of closed and open-ended questions for data collection. An interview guide was used to get data from key informants. To determine reliability, Cronbach’s alpha methodology was used. Descriptive statistics was adopted to analyse, show and interpret data while inferential examination which involves one-way ANOVA was conducted to find out the strength and the association concerning the dependent and independent variables. The paper reveals that Safaricom Limited has implemented several Green Business Practices which include; ISO 14001:2015-environemntal management system certification, energy efficiency and renewability, water conservation, waste management (domestic & electronic), conducting EIAs and EAs, planting trees, environmental awareness, trainings and sponsorships, carbon emission reduction strategies, green bond, sustainability champions & awards, green bond, green supply chain, green base stations, electromagnetic frequencies, green office, green products and services and sustainability reporting and environmental policy. It also established that there is noteworthy effect of green business practices on Safaricom’s profitability as well as employee’s job satisfaction. The main challenges faced were: technical barriers because there are some technologies that might not be available in the Country hence hindering the implementation of green business practices and Government legislation as there are little incentives provided by Kenyan Government to companies who are implementing green business practices, instead many are implementing on voluntary basis as opposed to other Countries where implementing attracts tax levies and other benefits. This study recommends that Kenya Bureau of Standard being the official standard body in the Country should develop Green standards that could guide companies willing to go green. Also, telecommunication companies should take advantage of the new Kenya energy act 2019 which allows for Net metering into the national grid as well as renewable energy feed in tariff system. The Government has further zero-rated green energy solutions and recycling of plastics which were identified as further incentives for companies willing to practice green business. Finally, organizations should build more capacities of their employees and invest in more research and development of green solutions as the study has revealed that green business practices increase profitability and employees’ job satisfaction
The role of Early Childhood Education on Genderedself Conceptof Children in Naivasha Sub County, Nakuru County, Kenya
Get PDFGendered self-concept can be described as an individual’s perception or evaluation of himself or herself, including the perceptions about the gender roles the person plays in society. The study sought to examine the role that early childhood education plays on the said gendered self-concept of children aged 6 to 10 years in Naivasha Sub-County. This was done by asking 3 major questions, what are the perspectives of children on gender roles for men and women, which gender dimensions, are illustrated in text material used to deliver the Early Learning Curriculum to children and what role these gender dimensions have played on the gendered self-concept of children. Social learning theory, liberal feminist theory and ABC of gender analysis were used to guide the researcher in data interpretation. The study employed a qualitative design and used child participatory methods, key informant interviews and critical textbook analysis as data collection tools. The sample size was 70 children, (34 boys and 36) girls. It was established that boys and girls hold different gender perspectives on gender roles allocated for men and women, for instance, boys associated women with traditionally female stereotyped careers as demonstrated by only 6% of the boys choosing doctor for women and 48% choosing doctor for men. Girls on the other hand were less stereotypical in their career choices for women with almost equal selection for doctor, with men at 42% and women at 35%. The study established that the text material used in the delivery of Early Childhood Education as perpetuates existing gender stereotypes with gender biased illustrations for productive and reproductive roles, power relations, leadership roles and careers. It therefore concludes that early childhood education influences the gendered self-concept of children by perpetuating existing gender stereotypes in society. The study recommends that in order to achieve gender equality using education, involved stakeholders need to create a school environment and a curriculum that legitimizes gender equality to both boys and girls. Education should structurally entrench the equality of the sexes using all its facets by using gender sensitive teaching materials and ensuring continuous gender training and workshops for teachers and other stakeholders
A Five Year Review of the Clinical Presentation and Management of Preseptal and Orbital Cellulitis in in-patients at Kenyatta National Hospital.
Get PDFBackground: Preseptal cellulitis is a common eye condition especially in children and generally responds well to treatment. Orbital cellulitis is a more severe infection and has the potential risk of loss of sight and life. Prompt identification and treatment is necessary to minimize complications. The aim of the study is to assess local presenting features and outcomes of treatment, in order to improve care for these patients and optimize their outcomes.
Study Objectives: To determine the demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of in-patients with preseptal and orbital cellulitis at Kenyatta national hospital from 1st January 2013- 31st December 2017.
Methodology: Medical records of all patients admitted with a diagnosis of preseptal cellulitis, orbital cellulitis or lid abscess between 1st January 2013 and 31st December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Data collected was filled into a predesigned tool and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Out of records of 67 patients, 20 had preseptal and 47 had orbital cellulitis. The male: female ratio was 7:3 in preseptal, and 2.1:1 in orbital cellulitis. Eighty percent of preseptal cellulitis patients were below 9 years while 45% of orbital cellulitis patients were in their second decade. Sinusitis was the commonest predisposing factor for orbital cellulitis, while upper respiratory tract infections were more common in preseptal cellulitis. Leucocytosis was found in 33% versus 44% of patients with preseptal and orbital cellulitis respectively. Microbiological yield was low as 58% cultured no growth. Overall, 54% required surgical intervention in addition to medical treatment due to abscess formation. Though vision improved for many, blindness (vision <3/60) was found in 11%.
Conclusion: Preseptal and orbital cellulitis mostly affect children. Sinusitis being a common predisposing factor for both should be treated adequately to prevent complications. More microbiological investigations are required in these patients to better identify the local aetiological factors. Complications are not uncommon and include abscess formation, which often requires surgery. Patients with orbital cellulitis are at risk of visual loss and prompt treatment is required to avoid this.a
Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, ; bDepartment of Mental Health, School of Medicine,
Moi University, Eldoret, Keny
Pathological Conditions And Associated Financial Losses For Organ Condemnations In Cattle Slaughtered In Siaya County, Kenya
Get PDFCattle production is an important economic activity in Kenya, but not fully maximized due to losses from disease conditions, some causing condemnation of organs at slaughter. To date, no studies have documented the conditions and quantified the associated financial losses in Siaya County, Kenya. This study aimed at documenting organ condemnations in cattle in slaughterhouses in the county, establish causes for the respective condemnations in selected slaughterhouses and to estimate the associated financial losses. The study was carried out in two phases involving a retrospective desk study (from 2013-2017), followed by a cross-sectional study (from 5th June 2018 - 4th July 2018). Data from slaughterhouse records were retrieved, causes for condemnation documented and monetary values of the condemned organs estimated in the retrospective study. The cross-sectional study involved post-mortem examination of organs in 3 selected slaughterhouses (Kaumara, Siaya, and Ugunja), collection of condemned organs and identification of the respective causes of the condemnations through pathological, parasitological and bacteriological laboratory techniques. Weights of condemned organs were measured and using their prevailing market prices, the respective financial loss was estimated. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, while differences in means of organ condemnations over the years and for the selected slaughterhouses were analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test to determine significance. Retrospective desk study results showed that out of 101,852 cattle slaughtered between 2013 to 2017, 27,888 (27.4%) organs were condemned mainly due to parasitic conditions 12,172 (12%), inflammatory conditions 8,084 (8%) and circulatory disturbances 3,060 (3%). The total direct financial losses incurred during the 5-year period was Kenya shillings (KShs.) 38,696,072 (US 76,625.90). In the cross-sectional study, 75 out of 112 (67%) cattle slaughtered
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had one or more organs condemned and 194 samples were collected for laboratory analyses. On characterization, parasitic infestations [hepatic fasciolosis 58 (51.8%), pimply guts/ Oesophagostomiasis 28 (25%) and hepatic hydatidosis 1 (0.9%)], were the major causes. Others were masseter muscle abscess by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection 1 (0.9%), splenomegaly [from congestion 1 (0.9%) and hemosiderosis 1 (0.9%)] and pulmonary blood aspiration from lack of stunning 2 (1.8%). Fasciola gigantica were identified morphologically as the cause of hepatic fasciolosis, while histopathological examination of 1 (0.9%) liver confirmed the presence of hydatid cysts. Oesophagostomum species larvae were recovered from 2 (25%) pimply gut nodules out of 8 suspected intestinal lesions digested in acid pepsin, while histopathological examination of 20 pimply gut nodules revealed the larval parts in 5 (25%) of them. As a result of these condemnations, a total of KShs. 94,469 (US$ 935) losses were incurred. There were no statistically significant differences (p=0.99) in condemnation of organs over the years and also for the three slaughterhouses. In conclusion, organs were condemned mainly due to parasitic and inflammatory conditions and laboratory methods if used, would be helpful in ascertaining the causes. Many organs were condemned at slaughter due to controllable parasitic, bacterial and conditions associated with poor slaughtering techniques; causing wastage of edible organs and heavy economic losses for the livestock industry. The occurrence of hepatic fasciolosis and hydatidosis suggested a possible transmission of the zoonotic agents to humans. The study recommends dissemination of the findings to all stakeholders and enhanced sensitization to farmers on measures of controlling the conditions at farm level and sensitization of slaughter workers on proper slaughter techniques to reduce losses in slaughterhouses. Further research is needed, employing more advanced methods like molecular techniques to determine a possible transmission of zoonotic diseases including hydatidosis and fasciolosis to humans