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Factors Influencing Secondary School Students’ Participation in Competitive Sports- a Case Study of Secondary Schools in Westlands Sub-county, Nairobi County.
No full textActive engagement in structured sport and recreation activities in school sport programmes has multiple benefits. It is, therefore, important for students to consistently engage and adhere to physical education and sports programmes. However, the level of participation in physical education and sports in secondary schools is on the decline. The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing secondary school students’ participation in competitive sports in secondary schools in Westlands Sub-County. The objectives of the study were: to examine the influence of social relationship on participation in competitive sports among secondary school students, to determine the influence of gender on participation in competitive sports among secondary school students, to determine the influence of playing experience on participation in competitive sports among secondary school students ;and to investigate the influence of household’s income on participation in competitive sports among secondary school students. Investigation of these objectives was guided by self-determination theory (SDT) and cross-sectional analytical research design. Stratified random sampling technique was employed to select schools that participated in competitive sports between 2016 and 2019. A sample size of 384 students was randomly selected. Questionnaires were used to collect data from students. Data collected from the field was processed and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Pearson Correlation (r) at a level of significance of 0.05 probability was used to determine relationship of variables. The analyzed data was presented using tables and figures. Findings revealed that majority of the participants were engaged in soccer, athletes and swimming and rugby 7 had the least number of participants. Most students who participated in competitive sports got support and encouragement from parents who liked them and encouraged them when playing. Findings further indicated that gender had a positive and a light influence on students’ participation in competitive sports. The study findings further revealed that play experience influenced students’ participation in competitive sports in the schools under study. The study concluded that there was significant positive correlation between students’ participation in competitive sports and such factors as social relationship (r=0.186, p=0.02) and gender (r = 0.146, p= 0.01). Playing experience had no significant effect on the level of students’ participation in competitive sports (r =0.034ns, p=0.268). There was a significant negative correlation was noted between the household’s income and students’ participation in competitive sports (r = -0.137, p= 0.146). The study recommended that the Ministry of Education, through the county Director of Education should ensure that all secondary schools have basic sports facilities and equipment in order to promote sports participation hence, school disconnectedness. The study also recommended that school principals should ensure every student identifies themselves with a sport. This can be done by requesting that each student register and participate in sport while in school
The Impact of Non-performing Loans on the Lending Behaviour in Kenyan Commercial Banks
No full textNon-performing loans have posed many challenges to lenders and more so commercial banks all over the world in their quest to act as financial intermediaries. In Kenya, different participants in the monetary sector have come up with innumerable ways of lessening nonperforming loans including introduction and accreditation of credit reference bureaus. This study centers on impact of nonperforming loans on lending behaviour in Kenyan commercial banks. The study utilized secondary panel data gathered out of38 commercial banks for one decade (2008-2017). In order to avoid endogeneity problem, Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) tack has been utilized for estimation. The empirical findings show that nonperforming loans positively impact the lending behaviour in Kenyan commercial banks. For the control variables, GDP, inflation and capital adequacy positively impact lending behaviour. Therefore, emanating from these findings, the enquiry proffers that commercial banks pursue strategies designed to reducing unhealthy loan
Assessing Dynamics Of Cross Border Ethnic Conflicts In Horn Of Africa: A Case Of Turkana-Dassanech Conflict In Kenya-Ethiopia Border.
No full textHorn of Africa region in 21st century continues to face the challenge of conflict. Some of these conflicts are inter-state and others are intra state but in both cases they continue to evolve and take on new dynamics hence making it more difficult to have clear resolution mechanisms. Ethnic conflicts have especially been very difficult to resolve as they often have deep rooted caused that hibernate in the ethnicity differences. This study focused on Turkana-Dassanech conflict at the border of Kenya and Ethiopia between the two communities living at the border region. Some of the key causes of this conflict include marginalization hence poverty, competition for natural resources, small weapons proliferation, State neglect and culture justifying violence. The study found out that competition for resources among the two communities is the main source of this conflict and poverty alleviation could go a long way in finding a lasting solution to this conflict. The study also found that both communities have been greatly neglected by their governments hence their struggle for survival pushes them to extreme measures such as cattle raiding and violent confrontations. Insecurity as well as border polarity at the Ilemi triangle has made small weapons smuggling easy hence further worsening this particular conflict. Finally the study provides some recommendations that could be adopted to solve this conflict which include cross border disarmament, empowering the communities with education in order to expand their choices and opportunities beyond pastoralism and finally formation of joint conflict resolution committee by both Kenya and Ethiopia states
An Assessment of Cargo Containers Used to Provide Affordable Housing in Kenya: a Case of Embakasi West Constituency, Nairobi County
No full textThe main aim of this study was to assess the implications of using container houses to provide affordable housing in Embakasi West Constituency, Nairobi County. The study’s specific objectives were to examine the people’s perceptions on cargo container houses on affordable housing (in Embakasi west constituency, Nairobi County), to examine the affordability of container houses (by the residents of Embakasi West Constituency) and to identify challenges of cargo container housing in Embakasi west constituency, Nairobi County. The study adopted a descriptive research design. This study targeted cargo containers house owners in Embakasi West Constituency which consists of 4 wards namely Umoja I, Umoja II, Mowlem and Kariobangi South. Questionnaires were used to collect data and analyzed by means of descriptive statistics for quantitative data and qualitatively using content analysis. A majority of Embakasi West Constituency (50.2%) agreed that there is a housing problem in Kenya which needs an urgent address. About 46.5% of the respondents were of the opinion that those who have low income to live in this houses since they can afford them at lower cost. The study concluded that people living in Embakasi Constituency have a perception that cargo container housing can be used as a home, renting purposes, storage and for transport and consider mostly the value of the container in regard to their needs. The affordability of cargo container housing is positively correlated to the income of the household head. This emanates from the fact the respondents strongly agreed that affordability on cargo housing containers affects affordability of housing to a greater extent and availability of capital influences the affordability of cargo container housing. Cargo container housing is faced with many challenges such as customizing the design to suit owner needs is very expensive, moving the container from one point to another is also expensive and it is subject to weather changes. The challenges of affordability of housing in Embakasi Constituency are as a result of very earning very little and high cost of housing. The study recommends that the financial institutions should take steps to finance people who choose for cargo container housing. The government should encourage alternative building technologies that are cheaper to its people and can be established in urban areas which are densely populated
Critique of Plato’s Conception of Morality With Reference to the Teachers’ Expected Examination Integrity in Kenya
No full textTeachers’ indulgence in examination malpractices is a global phenomenon that taints their integrity. In Kenya, such vices have persisted despite the teachers’ awareness of the expected examination integrity, as spelt out in the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) Code of Conduct and Ethics and the Code of Regulations. This study examines Plato’s theory of morality with reference to the teachers’ expected examination integrity. Plato’s theory of morality gives prominence to possession of knowledge as a prerequisite of informing right actions. The study seeks to establish why some professional teachers in Kenya engage in examination dishonesty despite their awareness of the expected examination conduct. It employs the philosophical methods of inquiry namely the critical, logical analysis and speculation. The study uses Immanuel Kant’s Deontological Theory of morality as the theoretical framework, which presupposes reason as a guide to moral conduct. The critical method examines Plato’s theory of morality and the Kenya National Examinations Council’s (KNEC) initiatives to combat examination malpractices. The analytic method clarifies concepts, statements and terms relating to the study; the speculative method establishes the conflict between knowledge and action. The study analyses cases of teachers’ involvement in examination malpractices in the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) and Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) examinations and the effectiveness of the empirical approach in combating examination malpractices. It finds out that the strategies employed by KNEC to curb examination vices do not enhance the teachers’ internalization of moral and professional virtues regarding examination integrity. This culminates in the manifestation of akratic tendencies among teachers whereby they persistently indulge in examination vices. The study proposes the use of metaphysical approach in facilitating teachers’ adherence to examination integrity, based on the stages of the examination life cycle. Such approach activates the individual’s faculty of reason, which is key in actualizing moral judgments
Critical Appraisal of the Prediction of Resection Weight in Reduction Mammaplasty Using Four Different Models
No full texta
Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, ; bDepartment of Mental Health, School of Medicine,
Moi University, Eldoret, Keny
Real Financial Approaches
No full textReal Financial Approaches
Who does the financial work?
Book keeper
Staff accountant
Staff financial manager
Outside accountant
Investor/banker
Your senior managers
YO
Institutional-Based Factors Influencing Provision Of Quality Education To Undergraduate Students In Somali National University, Somalia
No full textThis study sought to investigate institutional-based factors influencing the provision of quality education to undergraduate students in Somali National University, Somalia. The objectives of the study were to determine the extent to which qualified academic staff, availability of teaching and learning resources, adequacy of physical facilities and ICT infrastructure influence the provision of quality education to undergraduate students in SNU. The Human Capital Theory developed by Schultz in 1960 guided the study. It employed descriptive survey design. The target population of this study was 2490 individuals in the categories of 2229 undergraduate students, 229 lecturers and 32 faculties‟ administrators. The sample consisted of 226 students, 71 lecturers and 18 administrators. Stratified, simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to get the respondents. Reliability of the questionnaires was ensured using test retest method and coefficient correlation of 0.8 was realized. Questionnaires, interviews and observation schedules were used for data collection. Descriptive statistical analysis on quantitative data was used; results were presented using frequency tables, percentages, bar graphs and pie charts. The study concluded that institutional factors influence the provision of quality education. On the first objective, the study concluded that the availability of lecturers for individualized assistance, attendance and course coverage, motivation and qualification of the lecturers affect the provision of quality education. On the second objective, availability of teaching and learning resources and their adequacy influence the provision of quality education. The study also concluded that ICT infrastructure and internet accessibility at the various places affect the performance of the learners hence affecting quality of education. As a result, the study recommends that the Somali Federal Government ought to increase the budgetary allocation to the university in order to employ more full time lecturers so as to ensure that students get individualized assistance. The study also recommends providing training and capacity building programs for the staff and nominating a commission for higher education in order to ensure that tertiary institutions provide better quality of higher education. This will help promote the quality of education provided by the university. For further research, the study suggested that in the future, since the majority of universities in Somalia are private, it would seek research titled the influence of institutional-based factors on provision of quality education in private universities in Somalia
Investigating The Relationship Between Psychological Factors And Intimate Partner Violence Among Young Couples In Kibera-Laini Saba, Nairobi County
No full textThe iaim iof ithis istudy iwas ito iinvestigate ithe irelationship ibetween ipsychological ifactors iand iintimate ipartner iviolence iamong iyoung icouples imarried ifor ia iperiod iof i5-10 iyears iin iKibera-Laini iSaba, iNairobi icounty. iThe ispecific iobjectives iwere ito iinvestigate ithe icauses iof iintimate ipartner iviolence iamong icouples iin iurban iinformal isettlement, ito iinvestigate ithe iextent iof iintimate ipartner iviolence iin iurban iinformal isettlement, ito idetermine ithe iintervention istrategies ithat ican ibe iadapted ito iresolve iintimate ipartner iviolence iin ikibera ilaini iSaba. iThe istudy iused idescriptive isurvey iresearch idesign. iThe itarget ipopulation iwere imarried icouples i(both imen iand iwomen) iwho ihave iexperienced iintimate ipartner iviolence iin iKibera islum, iLaini iSaba, iNairobi iCounty. iThe isample ipopulation isize iwas i123 iparticipants. iA iquestionnaire iwas iused ito icollect iprimary idata. iThe idata ifor ithe istudy iwas ianalyzed iboth iqualitatively iand iquantitatively. iThe idata icollected iwas ikeyed iin iand ianalyzed iwith ithe iaid iof iSPSS. iA iregression ianalysis iwas iused ito iassess ithe iassociation ibetween ithe ivariables iand idescribe ithe irelationship iin ipercentages ito ishow iwhether ithe ipatterns ican ibe igeneralized. iRegression iwas iused ito ishow ihow iage, ieducation iand igender icontribute ito ithe iintimate ipartner iviolence iamong iyoung icouples. iThe istudy ifound ithat ithe icauses iof iintimate ipartner iviolence iis iintermarriage iwhere ione idoes inot iunderstand ithe iculture iof ithe iother, ibareness, isearching iof ia iboy ichild iand ithe ilady ideliver ia ibaby igirl, iand ialcohol iand idrug iabuse. i iDishonesty iamong icouples ihas ibeen iseen ito ilead ito iviolence, ipoverty idue ito iunemployment, iverbal iabuse iand ilack iof irespect iamong icouples iin ithe irelationship, iand imisunderstand iamong icouples. iAll ithese ifactors ihave iled ito iintimate ipartner iviolence iwhich ihas iresulted iinto idivorce, ideath, ior ipermanent idisability iamong ithe icouples. iThe istudy ifound ithat iat i5% ilevel iof isignificance iand i95% ilevel iof iconfidence, ieducation, igender, iand iage iwere iall isignificant ion iintimate ipartner iviolence iamong iyoung icouples i(5-10 iyears iof imarriage) iin iKibera- iLaini iSaba, iNairobi iCounty. iThe istudy ifound ithat ithere iis ia ivery istrong iassociation ibetween ipsychological ifactors iand iintimate ipartner iviolence iamong iyoung icouples iwhich iis isignificant. iThe istudy iconcluded ithat ithe iviolence ihas imade isome iof ithem ito ibecome idisabled ias iblunt iobject ihave ibeen iused iresulting iin islashing ion ithe ivarious ibody iparts isuch ias ilegs, ihands iamong iothers. iThe istudy ialso iconcluded ithat ithey ihave isuffered iextensive iverbal iabuse ifrom itheir ipartners iwhich ihas iresulted iinto ishame iamong ithe ichildren iand ineighbours iwhich ihas iaffected itheir ilevel iof iinteraction idue ito ishame. iSelf-esteem ihas ibeen iaffected iand ithey ihave ieven ifailed ito ibe igood irole imodels ito itheir ichildren. iThe istudy iconcluded ithat iintimate ipartner iviolence ireduced ithe iability ito iconcentrate ion idevelopment. iThe istudy irecommends ithat ithere ishould ibe isustained isensitization, iawareness iraising iand iattitude iand ibehaviour ichange iprogrammes ito ireduce ithe iprevalence iof iIPV, ichallenge iIPV isupportive iperceptions iand iattitudes iand ito iinfluence ia iculture iof inon-violence, iequality iand irespect iwithin iyoung iwomen’s iintimate irelationships
Relationship between burden of care and quality of life among caregivers of children with autistic spectrum disorders (asd) in nakuru level five hospital, nakuru county
No full textBackground to the study: autistic spectrum disorders (asds) remain an important public health problem due to associated behavioral and developmental challenges faced by affected children. Most people with asds and other developmental disorders live in low and middle income countries (lmics); where they cannot access or afford treatment. Unfortunately, most of the knowledge about these conditions is based on research done in high-income countries. These burdens can become chronic or recurrent and lead to substantial impairments in an individual’s ability to take care of his or her everyday responsibilities; and can lead to suicide at its worst.
Objectives of the study: the main objective of the study was to establish the relationship between burden of care and quality of life among caregivers of children with asd in the african setting as seen in nakuru level five hospital, kenya.
Study design and site: the study used a descriptive cross-sectional design incorporating quantitative research methods. This study was conducted in nakuru level five hospital. Nakuru level five hospital is currently the fourth largest government referral hospital in kenya.
Study participants: the study population included all caregivers of children diagnosed with asd, attending child psychiatry clinic at the nakuru level five hospital, nakuru county.
Findings: on the general state of their social life, the study established that it was poor [2.34± 0.563] while their family relationships was fair [2.74±0.608] [x2=104.9, p<0.05] while leisure activities were poor [2.32±0.556] [x2=41.3, p<0.05] and their ability to function in their daily lives was fair [2.59±0.58] [x2=82.05, p<0.05]. On their sexual drive, interest in it or performance, the study found that it was fair [2.98±0.56] [x2=37.53 p<0.05] and their economic status was poor [2.38±0.66] [x2=59.63, p<0.05] as well as living/housing condition was not good [2.67±0.56] [x2=100.97, p<0.05]. Their ability to get around physically was good [3.64, .524] as well as their vision in terms of ability to do their hobbies/work [3.57±.543] though their overall sense of wellbeing was fair [2.73±.549] [x2=139.1, p<0.05]. The respondents agreed that their current financial position was adequate to look after the child living with asd to some extent [1.91±.874] and they were worried to some extent on child’s future financial situation [2.4±.494. Assessing their concern that they were largely responsible to meet the asd child financial need, the study established that the respondents were to some extent [2.4±.48] and the same response was obtained on the query that if their family's financial situation had worsened since the diagnosis of the child with asd [2.49±.50] . The study established that respondents had support from their family help in caring for the child to some extent [2.1±.303, x2=56.6, p<0.05] and they further asserted that the child living with asd cause disturbances in the home to some extent [2.4±.5] and they were able to care for others in their family to some extent [2.33±.47].
Conclusion: the findings of this study suggest that caring for children with autism spectrum disorders can overwhelm their family members, similarly to families of children with other developmental disorders. Overall, the research concluded that the family burden of care was very high leading to poor quality of life.
Recommendation: there is need for a longitudinal study in order to obtain more data to assess the caregiving burden and collaboration among stakeholders to come up with policy to support asd children in order to lessen the burden of caregiving.a
Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, ; bDepartment of Mental Health, School of Medicine,
Moi University, Eldoret, Keny