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Engaging men in gender transformative work in institutions of higher learning: A case of the men’s hub at Makerere University
No full textIt was noted that globally, sexual harassment (SH), abuse, and exploitation in higher
education institutions (HEIs) remain a problem. In Uganda, it regularly made headlines
in the media. Yet, it was only after high-profile cases were reported in the media that
a spotlight was put on the problem. Moreover, despite there being policies on sexual
harassment, changes in reporting processes, and a roster for the swift investigation
of sexual harassment cases, sexual harassment persisted in the respective units of
Makerere University. The study reported here was based on a project code-named
“Whole University Approach: Kicking Sexual Harassment out of Higher Education
Institutions in Uganda” (hereafter referred to as the KISH Project). It was action
research intended to move beyond feminizing SH interventions and draw in all
the key stakeholders with respectively tailored interventions that were need-based.
The project applied multiple interventions targeting different stakeholders (including
students, academic and support staff, and administrators) to address gaps, prevention,
and support for the survivors of SH in HEIs. One of the project components is a “men’s
hub,” which is aimed at providing space for both male staff and male students to hold
dialogs on positive masculinity and call them to act as agents of change in a bid to
address sexual harassment within higher education institutions (HEIs). As a platform
that brings men together to discuss the issues of sexual harassment, the sessions
at the men’s hub enhanced their confidence and ability to prevent and respond to
sexual harassment as well as their knowledge about the issues of masculinity and
how they relate to sexual harassment. It was found to be an empowering platform
with opportunities for awareness creation and the potential for amplifying the role of
men in influencing change by speaking up and acting on their masculinity to address
sexual harassment
Nutritional status, functional capacity and quality of life among elderly in Lugazi municipality, buikwe district
No full textxiii, 98 p. ;Background: Every country in the world is facing a new demographic challenge due to drastic growth of elderly population. Adequate diet, nutritional status and functional capacity are important determinants of health status among this age group. With malnutrition, functional dependence and quality of life becoming serious health burdens among the elderly, there is need for early identification of the factors associated with nutritional status and functional capacity as a way to improve the health status and quality of life of aging individuals.
Objectives: This study aimed at identifying the factors associated with nutritional status and functional capacity among elderly in Lugazi Municipality, Buikwe district.
Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study among elderly persons aged 65 – 85 in 50 randomly selected Villages between September and December 2021. Simple random sampling technique was used with a sample size of 353 participants. Nutritional status was assessed by Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA), functional capacity was assessed by Lawton – Broody activities of daily living questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics while the associations were determined by logistic regression method.
Results: Among 353 participants, 26.9% (n=95) were found to be with a normal nutritional status, 47.0% (n=166) were at risk of malnutrition and 26.1% (n=92) were malnourished. 14.7% (n=52) were found to be dependent, 79.0% (279) had moderate independence while 6.2% were independent regarding instrumental activities of daily living. The factors associated with nutritional status among elderly after controlling for confounders in multi-variate logistic regression analysis were age 1.5 (1.38-1.59, p<0.001), gender 0.5 (0.36-0.79, p<0.002), level of education 0.8 (0.06-0.50, p=0.001), marital status 1.8 (1.23-2.72, p=0.003) and depression 1.9 (1.32-2.98, p=0.001) while functional capacity was associated with age 0.7 (0.6-0.8, p<0.001), marital status 0.2 (0.1-0.5, p=<0.001) and quality of life 0.1 (0.0-0.4, p<0.001).
Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition among the elderly was high. Therefore additional steps to prevent, treat and care for the affected elderly is required. Social protection initiates such as the SCG should be made more nutritional sensitive to improve elderly nutrition directly. Elderly Empowerment Groups should also be formed at community level to engage in nutrition sensitive activities. Malnutrition and functional dependence were prevalent among the elderly and were associated with gender, age, level of education, marital status, quality of life and depression among the elderly persons in Lugazi Municipality.
Keywords: Elderly Persons, Nutritional Status, Functional Capacity, Quality of Life, Depressio
Pre-service teachers’ technological, pedagogical and content capability and digital pedagogy readiness
No full textDespite evident efforts made, limited digital pedagogical practice among pre-service teach-
ers has been noticed. The study sought to investigate pre-service teachers’ perceptions of
their technological, pedagogical, content capabilities; validate the digital pedagogy readiness
model; and establish the influence of technological, pedagogical and content capabilities on
pre-service teachers’ digital pedagogy readiness. Mishra and Koehler’s TPACK Framework
(2006) formed the study’s theoretical ground to derive the technological-pedagogical-content
capability sub-constructs. A 30-item scale was used to collect data from 351 pre-service
teachers of Kyambogo University. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to establish
the respondents’ perceptions on the variables under study, while Structural Equation Mod-
eling (SEM) was applied to validate the model and test the hypotheses. Findings revealed
that pre-service teachers were in agreement regarding their perceptions of the capabilities; the
hypothesised digital pedagogy Readiness model showed fit to the data; and. the influence of
technological-pedagogical-content capability on pre-service teachers’ digital pedagogy readi-
ness was statistically significant. The study enriches existing literature on the role of TPACK
in fostering teachers’ digital pedagogy which is vital for the 21st century classroom. The find-
ings are further useful to the Ministry of Education and Sports and affiliated agencies in fast
tracking the implementation of the Education digital agenda
Data literacy: a catalyst for improving research publication productivity of kyambogo university academic staff
No full textObjective: The aim of this study is to explore how data literacy can influence the research and publications productivity of Kyambogo University academic staff.
Methods: The study employed a literature review to collect detailed information. It observed lessons, and studied patterns of the phenomenon to explore data literacy initiatives that can be used by Kyambogo University academic staff to improve their research publications productivity and also to mitigate the accrued challenges.
Results: The paper explored eight initiatives through which data literacy skills could enhance the research productivity of Kyambogo University academic staff. These were awareness and promoting freedom of using open data, engaging students in data literacy activities, pedagogical reflection, datafication of single and joint academic staff publications, visualization of data, storytelling, ethical use of data, and preservation of research data.
Conclusions: While this paper relies on the context of the Kyambogo University academic staff, the authors posit that these data literacy skills can be embraced by universities in developing economies; especially those struggling with poor research and publications productivity. The paper further identifies areas where universities in developing economies, in conjunction with their libraries, can improve the academic staff pedagogy and compliance to eScience through polishing their data literacies
“Here, your only relative is money…” why slum social networks do not facilitate neighborhood community development: insights through a sanitation lens
No full textIntroduction Though social networks which are deemed vehicles of community development exist in slum areas,
underdevelopment still persists in these areas. We explored the nature and role of social networks in facilitating community development in the slums of Kampala through a sanitation lens.
Methods Qualitative Social Network Analysis (SNA) was done to understand the nature of slum social networks primarily through the analysis of sanitation behavior. Data were collected through six Focus Group Discussions (FGD), six
In-depth Interviews (IDIs), and 18 Key Informant Interviews (KII) with Government, civil society and private stakeholders. We used both inductive and deductive thematic analysis.
Results Four themes emerged in our analysis; i); Unsupportive environments, uncooperative neighbours and uncertainty of tenure: participants reported slums as unsupportive of community development due to a shortage of space,
poverty and unplanned services. Tenants perceived landlords as exploitative and predatory and wished the tables
are turned. This notion of cyclic exploitation did not encourage collective action for community good. Short-term
economic survival trumped long-term community interests ii) Patronage and poor service delivery: varying degrees
of patronage led to multiple forms of illegalities and violations such as tax evasion. Due to vested interests and corruption among public officials, the slum population was lethargic. iii) Intersecting realities of poverty and unemployment:
slum dwellers lived on the margins daily. Hence, poor living conditions were a secondary concern. iv) Social relations
for personal development: Slum social networks were driven by individual interests rather than community good. Slum
dwellers prioritized connections with people of common socio-economic interests. As such social networks were
instrumental only if they ‘added value’.
Conclusion Social networks in slums are only concerned about survival needs. Slums require responses that address
the complexity of slum formation and broader livelihood challenges, as well as re-assessing the meaning of community. We posit that more needs to be done in understanding the meaning and workings of a sociology beyond physical societies. Poverty is a modifier of social systems and processes and should be a concern for all stakeholders
involved in slum development
Assessing games teachers' competence in training kids athletics events in primary schools in soroti city, Uganda
No full textxv, 96 p. : ill. (some col.) ;This study assessed games teachers' competence in training kids' athletics events in primary schools in Soroti City, Uganda. The study looked at the competence of games teachers in relation to the selection and use of appropriate materials in training kid's athletics events, establish the games teachers' competence to organize and demonstrate kids' athletics events, assess challenges that affect games teachers in training kids' athletics and suggest way of mitigating the challenges that affect games teachers' competence in training kids' athletics events in Soroti City. The study was carried out to 36 Games Teachers and two hundred sixteen (216) pupils throughout eighteen (18) chosen primary schools in Soroti City, Uganda. The schools were purposefully selected and the participants were games teachers and Pupils between (7 to 14) years, this mixed methods study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. Interviews, questionnaires, and observations were used to gather data. Statistical Packages for Social Scientists (SPSS) software was used to conduct a descriptive analysis of the data.
Frequency distributions, percentages and mean tables, were used to illustrate the findings. The study results showed that game teachers knew how to choose materials and other supplies for Kids' Athletics. The teachers were competent in organizing and demonstrating shot-put (M=2.94 ±SE= 0.18), event compared to other selected activities. The major challenges observed in the study were lack of training courses and equipment that affect the training of kid's athletics programme. The study recommends that the best way to address the issues mentioned is to provide equipment and refresher courses
Instructional Resources Management and Academic Performance of Learners with Hearing Impairment in Government Aided Primary Schools in Masindi Municipality
No full textxv, 128 p. ;The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between Instructional Resources Management and the academic performance of hearing impaired learners in inclusive government aided primary schools in Masindi Municipality. The study was motivated by these learners’ academic underperformance and its adverse effect on their educational progress. The objectives of the study were to analyse the relationship between (a) planning, (b) provision and (c) utilisation of instructional resources for these learners and their academic performance. The study adopted a cross-sectional correlational research design that involved a largely quantitative approach supplemented by qualitative responses to open-ended questions that were included in the interview schedule administered to five head teachers and questionnaires administered to thirty five teachers and eighty pupils selected using purposive sampling. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive, Pearson correlation as well as linear and multiple regression analysis. Data in form of open-ended responses was analysed using directed qualitative content analysis. The key findings from correlation and regression analysis were: instructional resource planning had a positive and significantly predictive relationship with these pupils’ academic performance (r = .375, F (1, 40) = 16.566, Sig. = .017 < .05) and so did instructional resource provision (r = .666, F (1, 120) = 108.71, Sig. = .000 < .01) and instructional resource utilisation (r = .741, F (1, 40) = 98.04, Sig. = .000 < .01). In general, the relationship between instructional resource management and these pupils’ academic performance was similarly positive and significantly predictive (r = .852, F (1, 120) = 89.977, Sig. = .000 < 0.01). While instructional resource planning was generally well conducted, the budgeted funds were under-mobilised. Most of the instructional resources, particularly professional teachers and audiovisual materials were insufficiently provided and teachers utilised those that were provided infrequently. From these findings, the study concludes by emphasising the need to improve mobilisation of funds budgeted for instructional resources for these pupils, and to ensure sufficient provision and regular and effective utilisation of these resources. Consequently, the study recommends to the government of Uganda to increasing budgetary funding for and provision of these resources and to head teachers and teachers to ensure that those made available are frequently and effectively utilised to teach these pupils. Further research was also recommended into other factors influencing the academic performance of pupils with hearing impairment
Energy consumption and Uganda's economic growth
No full textVarious pagings ;This study investigates the relationship between Energy Consumption and Uganda's Economic Growth (1982 to 2018). Specifically, the study investigates the short and the long run causal relationship between Energy Consumption and Uganda's Economic growth.
Secondly, the study investigates the pass-through effect of shocks from Renewable Energy Consumption to Uganda's Economic Growth. Finally, the study investigates the pass-through effect of shocks from Non-Renewable Energy Consumption to Uganda's Economic growth in the period under the review. The study uses Granger Causality Test and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to estimate the short run and the long run causal relationship between Energy Consumption and Uganda's Economic Growth. Secondly, the study uses the Structural Vector Autoregression to estimate the pass-through effect of shocks from both Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption to Uganda's Economic Growth in the period under the review. The analyses in this study presents mixed results.
The Granger causality test results show a causal relationship running from renewable energy consumption and non-renewable energy consumption to Economic growth. The VECM results indicate a negative relationship running from renewable energy consumption and non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth in the short run, while appositive relationship running from renewable and non-renewable energy consumption to Economic Growth in the long run. Although the results from Granger Causality Test and VECM indicate that Energy Consumption promotes Uganda's Economic Growth, there is no pass-through effect of shocks from both Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption to
Uganda's Economic Growth in the period under the review. This study makes a contribution to energy economics literature by making an extension to the endogenous growth theory by adding Energy Consumption which is primarily endogenous to the growth process. It also contributes to exogenous growth theory by establishing Energy consumption as a key input to the growth process. The policy implications in this study includes the following; Energy Transition from Traditional Biomass to Modem Energy sources should be encouraged as this can promoted the use of Clean Energy in the country. Secondly, Public Private Investments in the Energy Sector should also be encouraged in order to promote more supply of energy in the country. Finally, Energy Policy and Governance should be streamlined in order to promote Clean Energy Development in the country and thus encouraging faster Economic Growth
Application of black soldier fly larvae in decentralized treatment of faecal sludge from pit latrines in informal settlements in Kampala city
No full textIntroduction: Faecal sludge management (FSM) in urban areas of low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) is not properly implemented due to inaccessibility of sanitation facilities and high faecal sludge (FS) emptying costs, amongst others. Unlike in solid waste and fresh human excreta, use of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in treatment of FS from pit latrines - which are the most common sanitation facilities in urban areas of LMICs - has not yet been explored. Moreover, the optimal conditions for efficient FS degradation, such as moisture content, feeding rate and larval density are not yet well known. Against this backdrop, the overarching aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of BSFL in treating FS under different conditions of moisture content, feeding rate and larval density. Also, the quality of residue left after treatment was assessed.
Methods: FS samples were collected from lined and unlined pit latrines in Bwaise I parish in Kampala, Uganda and experiments were set up to feed 10-day old larvae.
Results and Discussion: The optimum feeding rate, larval density and moisture content were found to be 50 mg/larvae/day, 1.33 larvae/cm2 and 60%, respectively. The reduction efficiency at optimum conditions were 72% and 66% for FS from lined and unlined pit latrines, respectively. It was further noted that BSFL can feed on FS from pit latrines without dewatering it, hence there is no need for a dewatering unit. The properties of the residue left after treatment were within the allowable limit for use as compost except for helminth egg concentration. Thus, in informal urban settlements, BSFL can be applied for effective treatment of FS from pit latrines while generating good quality residue thereby providing an additional value chain in FSM
A comparative analysis of existing models and a new pushover analysis model of reinforced concrete sections
No full textPushover analysis is mainly carried out using the concentrated plasticity model whereby when a point reaches yield, a hinge is placed at that point. The other is the yielded block spread plasticity model, whereby when a point reaches yield, an elastic sub-element of the beam is replaced by a yielded sub-element having a reduced cross-section and second moment of area. Both of these models ignore cracking. This study aims at giving an insight into the effects of considering cracking during modelling on the accuracy of estimating deformations in reinforced concrete (RC) structures during pushover analysis by proposing a spread cracking and yielding block model. The proposed model introduces a cracked sub-element to account for the gradual spread of cracking in the beam. A single-storey RC frame is used because it doesn’t pose the challenge of lateral load distribution. A comparison between the proposed model and the existing models shows an increment in the accuracy of the rotational, displacement, moment and lateral load capacities of 63.64%, 56.86%, 64.33% and 55.56% respectively.
Experimental results show that all theoretical models underestimate the ultimate floor displacements and lateral load capacities. The proposed model, however, has better accuracy on both fronts than both existing theoretical models