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Social capital and sustainable growth of full-service restaurants in the global south: testing the mediating role of dynamic capabilities
No full textPurpose – The purpose of this study is to establish whether dynamic capabilities mediates the association
between social capital and sustainable growth of full-service restaurants in Kampala, Uganda.
Design/methodology/approach – This study is cross-sectional and correlational in nature. A self-administered
questionnaire was used to gather data from 154 full-service restaurants in Kampala. Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences (SPSS.25) and Medgraph – Excel Version were used to conduct correlation, hierarchical regression
and mediation analysis on the data in order to establish the mediating role of dynamic capabilities.
Findings – Study findings revealed that first, social capital and dynamic capabilities significantly predict
sustainable growth of full-service restaurants, second, social capital is significantly associated with dynamic
capabilities and third, dynamic capabilities significantly mediate social capital and sustainable growth of full-service
restaurants.
Originality/value – The study confirmed that dynamic capabilities significantly mediate social capital and
sustainable growth of full-service restaurants unlike the previous studies that focused on the direct association
between the study variables in explicating sustainable growth
A collaborative agenda for health and well-being in Uganda : Medical social workers working with a community church
No full textAccording to the National Association of Social Workers (2017), the primary
mission of the social work profession is to promote human well-being through
adequate satisfaction of human needs, especially the needs of the poor and
vulnerable populations. This primary mission in part is related to one of the
sustainable development goals (SDGs), that is, SDG 3 that focuses on health
and well-being. To promote the achievement of this SDG, the Medical Social
Work Department at the Naguru China-Uganda Friendship Hospital started a
collaboration with Lugogo Baptist Church so as to meet the needs of patients
at this hospital. The collaboration was grounded in the fact that in resource-
poor countries, there will be needs that are inadequately satisfied. Yet, the
inadequate satisfaction of the human needs negatively affects individual’s
health and well-being.
The chapter starts with a brief background on medical social work practice
in Uganda. Here, the history and the role of medical social work are discussed.
This is followed by an analysis of domestication of the SDGs in Uganda. The
analysis shows that SDGs are domesticated in Uganda through the National
Development Plans (NDPs) which are rooted in the Vision 2040. Currently,
Uganda is pursuing and implementing the NDP III. A description of the col-
laborative agenda between the Medical Social Work department and Lugogo
Baptist Church is given. It is shown that it is a mutual collaboration where each
party has their roles and responsibilities to meet the well-being needs clearly spelt out. A human needs framework is described where the meaning of human
needs and specific examples are given. The human needs that are met through
this framework are analyzed. This is followed by the discussion of the achieved
health and well-being and the shared roles of the collaborative framework. It is
concluded that because of the benefits from this collaboration, medical social
workers should engage in collaborations with local and community actors to
improve social work interventions since these have critical resources that are
plenty, accessible and trusted
Functional and sensory properties of iron and folic acid fortified NABE-3 bean and silver fish composite instant flour
No full textDespite the need for Iron and Folic acid (IFA) during critical stages of child development and gestation, there is observed persistence in deficiencies despite several interventions. This situation motivated a food-based approach using IFA-fortified NARO Bean-3 (NABE-3 bean) and silverfish. IFA fortified composite flours with NABE-3 (BF): silver fish flour (SFF) proportions as 100% BF, 90% BF: 10% SFF, 80% BF: 20% SFF, and 70% BF: 30% SFF were developed. Functional, pasting, and sensory properties were assessed using standard methods. Increasing silverfish proportions in the composite flours was associated with decreased water absorption properties of the composite flours indicating reduced reconstitution abilities; reduced final viscosity but increased bulk density implying a high density of nutrients at lower viscosity and volume; and increased peak time indicating increased cooking energy requirements. The compressibility and Hausner ratios of the flours were high and not significantly different, indicating low flowability of the bean flour and its composites with silver fish. Increasing silverfish proportions reduced sensory score from liked moderately to indifferent on a 9-point hedonic scale due to colour darkening, and increased intensity of fishy aroma and flavour. The 90% BF: 10% SFF and 80% BF: 20% SFF composites were more acceptable than the 70% BF: 30% SFF. However, all the composites were more acceptable than the control 100% BF: 0% SFF. Incorporation of silver fish into NABE bean flour generally leads to increased sensory acceptability and nutrient density but reduced functionality
Assessment of membranes used in drying faecal sludge to minimise the sand take-away in the sludge drying beds
No full textxv, 93 p. : ill. (col.) ;Sludge drying beds provide sludge dewatering by allowing the liquid to both drain under gravity through a permeable medium on which the sludge sits, and to evaporate under ambient conditions. Lubigi plant with 19 sludge drying beds handles faecal sludge from pit latrines and septic tanks separately for sludge dewatering. Clogging in filter beds and sand membrane material is challenging as it continues to get off with dry sludge cakes. The study's main aim was to assess different membranes used in faecal sludge drying to minimise the sand layer takeaway in the sludge drying beds at Lubigi Faecal Sludge and Wastewater Treatment Plant.
This study analysed the chemical and physical characteristics of faecal sludge in the existing and unplanted drying beds at Lubigi. A pilot-scale dewatering facility was designed and constructed with four unplanted sludge drying beds (A, B, C, and D) with a one m2 effective drying area. The cumulative percolate was measured following a non-uniform time interval of 5, 10, 30, 60, 180, 360, 720, and 1440 minutes. This lasted for ten days until the faecal sludge was dewatered entirely.
Five raw faecal sludge samples collected from different points of the existing and operating beds were analysed using the Makerere University laboratory. The cake samples had average weights ranging from 0.48 to 46.98% of the respective chemical elements. Carbon and oxygen had the highest weight ratios of 46.96% and 36.73%, whereas sodium had the lowest, with 0.48% in all elements, respectively. Low sodium content implies low alkaline indices in the faecal sludge, which is desirable. Additionally, moisture content (ranging from 73.68% to 75.91 % by mass, mean= 74.81±1.11 %), sand content (between 17.43% (89.62 g) and 19.66%
(118.08 g), mean = 18.344±0.86%) and calorific value (between 2846.38 kcal/kg to 3185.46 kcal/kg. Sand (Bed A) exhibited the highest mean dewatering rates with a peak of 502 mm after 4.5 hrs, followed by pavers with 416 mm after 7.5 hrs, nylon with 384 mm in 4.5 hrs and lastly, hessian with 59mm after 20hrs. The efficiency shows that hessian, nylon and pavers were efficient (R2 = 0.632, 0.592, and 0.540), followed by sand (R2 = 0.491). All membranes had a very significant correlation between dewatering time (t min) and percolate (Q ml), p 95% confidence level.
Nevertheless, nylon expedited average filtration rates at all times compared to the rest of the media. This is because its cake yielded moderate moisture, sand, and calorific values compared to the rest of the media hence optimised. Nylon filter media was optimised based on different gauge sizes of 1.0 mm (reference size) (Bed A), 0.5 mm (Bed B), and 2.00 mm (Bed C). The average dewatering times of the filter media in Beds A, B, and C were 5, 60, 180, and 360 minutes, respectively. Bed C (2.0 mm) had the highest flow rate (156.61 ml) but the lowest sand content (82.14%, 85.16%), Bed B (0.5mm) had the lowest flow rate (49.09 ml) and the highest levels of moisture content (86.91 %, 90.92%) and Bed A (1.00mm) had the intermediate flowrate (83.37 ml), moisture (83.28%, 87.28%), sand (13.24%, 14.8%, and calorific value (2745.12 Kcal/kg, 2600.12 Kcal/kg). These were determined based on the size of holes in the filter media, hence recommending the 1.00 mm nylon gauge.
Keywords: Calorific value, Dewatering, Faecal Sludge, Lubigi, Moisture Content, Optimisation, Sludge Drying Beds and Sand Content
Transition of trainees with cognitive impairment (TCI) from vocational institutions (VI) to the world of work in jinja city
No full textxi, 81 p. : ill. (some col.) ;The research study is titled: Transition of Trainees with Cognitive Impairment from vocational institutions to the World of Work in Jinja City. The purpose of the study was to: assess the factors that facilitate transition of trainees with cognitive impairment from vocational institutions to the world of work. The target population comprised four categories of participants (principal, trainees, instructors & prospective employers). Qualitative research approach, guided by a case study design were used in this study. Semi-structured interviews were used in collecting data for this study. The study was carried out from June 2022 to March 2023. The finding show that there is no specific curriculum used for training of TCI. The findings also reveal that there is employment policy; though not implemented using appropriate guidelines. It was also revealed that graduates with cognitive impairment (CI) get employed out of sympathy by employers. The study therefore recommends that curriculum should be modified to cater for all categories of trainees, employment policy, guidelines and content be clear in order to benefit TCI and prospective employers of TCI need to be sensitized and made aware of the educational needs of graduates with CI
Maternal depression and nutritional status of children, 5-7 years old in selected districts of southwestern Uganda
No full textxii, 109 p. ;Childhood undernutrition is one of the most significant global public health problems of concern especially in developing countries. Overnutrition, however, is also slowly showing up and together with undernutrition, they may exist in the same set/ population. While many studies on undernutrition among the under-five year old children have been performed, undernutrition among children above five years or their nutritional status has received less attention in Uganda.
Diet, environment and health factors though vital to the child's poor nutrition, maternal depression may also be of importance since it reduces mothers'/ key female caregivers' ability to offer responsive child care. This study purposed to establish the extent to which maternal depression related to nutritional status (undernutrition centred on) among children 5-7 years old in Kigezi sub-region, Southwestern Uganda. The study was cross-sectional and conducted from November 2019 to February 2020 in Rukiga, Rubanda, Kabale and Kisoro districts. The 5-7- year-old child and the mother or key female care giver were the units of study. The children had been previously enrolled in the Child Nutrition and Development (CHNUDEV) project. Height for age z-scores (HAZ) and Body mass index for age z-score (BAZ) were calculated using world health organisation-WHO AnthroPlus, 2009. Undernutrition (Stunting and wasting) was determined following the Multicenter Growth Reference curves guidelines. Maternal/ key female caregivers' depression levels were measured with Beck's Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) tool. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA Corp. 2015 (STATACorpLLC, 2015) and SPSS version 22 at 95% confidence level (p < 0.05). Chi-square tests, correlation coefficients, and linear regression analyses were used to relate background variables, nutritional status indicators, and maternal depression. Of all 364 mothers/key female caregivers who were approached and consented to participating in the study with their children, 362 sets completed the study. Most women were young with a median age of 32 (IQR: 11), were less educated (69.9%). Mean (SD) HAZ and BAZ were -1.58(0.97) and 0.11 (0.80) respectively. Stunting among children was 114(31.4%) with 33 (9.0%) severely stunted. Only 2 (0.6%) were thin while 34 (9.5%) were overweight and 2 (0.6%) obese. Prevalence (P) of maternal depression was worrying, at 42.01 % (above 10 total score clinical cut-off) and about 14 % of the mothers had moderate to extreme depression. Maternal depression was inversely but not significantly associated with child undernutrition (Unadjusted β = 0.001, p=0.805). From for this study unlike in most studies among school going age children, maternal depression showed a non-significant inverse association with nutritional status of children of ages 5-7 years in rural Southwestern Uganda; even on accounting for the family factors. The short period maternal depression and respective nutritional status of dependents could not be conclusively explained. There is need to incorporate screening for and management of maternal depression in health clinics, given the level observed
Effects of carbon dioxide emissions on agricultural production indexes in East African community countries: Pooled mean group and fixed effect approaches
No full textThe ongoing climate change threat brought by the increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the atmosphere
has rekindled global activism to address its detrimental effects on agricultural production with the maximum
tenacity. The current study, consequently, examines the causal effect between CO2 emissions and agricultural
production indexes while controlling for renewable energy consumption, arable land and governance, using data
spanning from 1996 to 2019. The study applied pooled mean group/Autoregressive distributed lag and fixed
effect approaches and tested for the causality between the variable of interest using the Dumitrescu and Hurlin
Granger non-causality test. The long-run equation shows that CO2 emissions, renewable energy consumption,
labour force and arable land size have positive effects on the crop production index. Whereas, renewable energy
consumption, labour force, arable land size and governance positively affect the livestock production index.
While no causality exists between CO2 emissions and crop production index. However, the effects of governance
and the size of arable land on agricultural production remained inconclusive. To achieve the UN Sustainable
Development Goal of zero hunger for their people, East African Community countries need to commercialize
agricultural production and embrace more eco-friendly farming techniques
Critical review of bioenergy applications and sustainable development: Evidence from Uganda
No full textThis study investigates bioenergy applications and sustainable development in Uganda. Traditional
biomass dominates Uganda’s energy mix with 89% of overall primary energy consumption. Uganda
must reduce traditional biomass energy consumption, if it is to reinforce its sustainable
development goals. It seeks to assess bioenergy applications; it also analyses drivers and barriers
of biomass consumption.
Bioenergy is a renewable energy source that is conveniently available. This explains why it is
dominating in most of the Sub-Saharan Africa. However, most of this is the traditional biomass,
because of the insufficient technology to modernise its use in the developing world. This study is to
provide a useful pattern for this transition from traditional to modern bioenergy use to occur.
The findings indicate an in-built use of traditional biomass because of the drivers that outweigh the
constraints of its use. Suggested policy measures to transition to modern biomass energy
consumption are made.
This study provides critical review of bioenergy application and development in the Ugandan
setting. This is a landmark in informing the economic planner on the right policy direction of
diversifying energy use from traditional to modern sources
Efficacy of an 8-hour education intervention on dementia knowledge, attitude and skills in healthcare professionals in regional hospitals: a nation-wide study from Uganda
No full textIntroduction: dementia imposes an enormous
burden, mainly in low-income countries (LICs). Due
to lack of well-trained healthcare professionals,
70-90% of people with dementia do not receive
adequate care in LICs. The aim of this study was to
evaluate whether a one-day, 8-hour medical
education intervention on dementia care improves
the knowledge and attitude about and confidence
in providing dementia care among healthcare
professionals in 8 referral hospitals in Uganda.
Methods: in this pre-test/post-test study without a
control group, participants completed the
Alzheimer´s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS),
Dementia Care Attitude Scale (DCAS), and 9 visual
analogue scales (VAS) regarding confidence in
specific dementia care skills pre- and post-medical
education intervention. Results: in one hundred
twelve healthcare professionals (age = 41.7±10.2
years; 54.5% women), the ADKS, DCAS, and VAS
scores for recognizing and assessing core dementia
symptoms, communicating effectively, providing
psycho-education, activating patients mentally and
physically, managing behavioral and psychological
symptoms, and involving carers in the treatment
improved significantly (P < 0.001) post-medical
education intervention. Conclusion: our study
demonstrates that brief educational interventions
are efficacious in strengthening the dementia
literacy among healthcare professionals in a low-
income country. Future research should explore
whether such brief educational interventions also
result in implementation of efficacious dementia
care into routine clinical practice and whether it
ultimately may lead to improved health outcomes
in patients and formal and informal caregiver
Psycho-social perspectives on Matthew 5:21-26: a hermeneutical response to the anger problem in contemporary Uganda
No full textvii, 103 p. ;This study combines social science critical approaches to the Bible and hermeneutics of appropriation to examine the theme of anger in Mathew 5:21-26. Jesus taught about the problem of anger from the perspective of murder. Accordingly, the root cause of murder is anger, which has to be dealt with. The study takes a documentary analytical approach, and it endeavours to generate theological reflections on the theme of anger in contemporary Ugandan context. Social science criticism of the Bible involves the exegetical task which analyses the social and cultural dimensions of the text and of its environmental context through the utilization of the perspectives, theory, models, and research of the social sciences. In this study, Jesus’ teaching in Matthew 5:21-26 elicits significant questions on the relationship between anger and murder. Anger is a psychosocial problem, which is well articulated in social science disciplines. Although the narrator of Matthew 5:21-26 does not connect Jesus to any formal social science backgrounds, Jesus’ ability to analyse murder from the context of anger is interesting in the theological reflections of the person and character of Jesus. Anger related emotions generally have far-reaching consequences, which affect both individual persons and the community. Furthermore, the hermeneutical approaches centre the problem of the spoken words in fuelling anger. Anger, apparently is conveyed through communicative utterances by use of words and expressions. The study concluded by emphasising the need for proper anger management skills, and all stakeholders (counsellors, pastors, teachers, social workers, etc.) approach anger emotions from a broader perspective. This may include understanding the anger generating factors and history of both culprits and victims of anger