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When tradition inspires modernity: traditional pottery designs in contemporary spaces
No full textThe research article sets out to unveil the challenge of preserving traditional design concepts within contemporary spaces. Its objectives are to examine how Acholi material culture items inspire functional and aesthetic concepts in modern interiors, explore methods to incorporate traditional pottery in contemporary spaces, and create prototype pots that integrate Acholi design elements. It sets out on the premise that blending traditional artefacts with modern interiors fosters cultural identity and pride among space owners and enhances visitors' appreciation. Its methodological considerations are qualitative, using a parallel prototyping design, with two potters and five culturally knowledgeable elders selected for insights. The research is
theoretically informed by the concepts of cultural identity and preservation within modern aesthetics. Its key findings reveal that traditional material culture enriches product design, creates a sense of ownership, and fosters community pride, while also generating income for artisans. Furthermore, the use of traditional designs supports cultural continuity by exposing younger generations to their heritage. It recommends incorporating indigenous knowledge and practices to create spaces that are distinctive and culturally communicative, enhancing modern living while celebrating traditional value
Massification and the quality of teaching in Kyambogo University
No full textxi, 114 p. ;The focus of this study was on massification of higher education and the quality of teaching in Kyambogo University (KYU). The objectives of the study were: to examine the relationship between massification of higher education and classroom climate in Kyambogo University; establish the relationship between massification of higher education and classroom management in Kyambogo University and assess the relationship between massification of higher education and teachers’ adoption of effective instructional strategies in Kyambogo University. The study mostly used a correlational survey with mixed research approach. The participants comprised of 243 finalist students from different faculties of KYU plus ten staff members from the academic registrars’ department out of the sample size of 377 giving a response rate of 66%. Quantitative data was collected on the study variables from the students using self-administered questionnaires. Qualitative data was collected from the ten staff members from the office of the academic registrar using face to face interviews. Data was analyzed using relative frequencies and descriptive statistics especially the means. Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient was used to relate massification of higher education to the dependent variables, namely, classroom climate, classroom management and teachers’ adoption of good/effective instructional strategies respectively at the bivariate level. However, the regression analysis were finally used to establish the impact of massification on each of the dependent variables, namely classroom climate, classroom management and instructional strategies simultaneously. Findings revealed that massification of higher education had an insignificant relationship with classroom climate and this study therefore concludes that massification of higher education was not a determinant of classroom climate at KYU. Based on this finding, this study therefore recommended that Kyambogo University should not focus on massification of higher education as a predictor of classroom climate. This study established that massification of higher education had a positive significant relationship with classroom management and this study concluded that massification of higher education was a predictor of classroom management in KYU. This study therefore recommends that the management of KYU should attach more emphasis on massification of higher education as a predictor of classroom management. Finally, this study established that massification of higher education had an insignificant relationship with instructional strategies and based on this finding, this study concluded that massification of higher education had very little influence on instructional strategies in KYU
An exploration of school-community partnerships in the implementation of integrated early childhood care education services in pre-primary schools in Uganda
No full textxvii, 213. : mapsThe implementation of early childhood development (ECD) services has for long been delivered in a disjointed manner. This leaves out numerous aspects of children’s development, causing them to experience uneven development and wastage of resources due to duplication of services. Currently, the global trend is to provide integrated early childhood services as outlined in the SDGs to harness synergies and holistic care and development of all children. As a component to integrated ECD services, access to effective Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) services creates a chance for children’s school readiness and holistic development. It also puts children at an equal level in the education system without discrimination. Whereas Uganda has progressed in developing policies and related standards that support the delivery of Integrated ECCE services, questions still arise on its implementation. The purpose of this study therefore, was to explore school-community partnerships in the implementation of integrated ECCE services in pre-primary schools in Uganda, a case of Kira Municipality. The study objectives were to establish the influence of school-parent engagement on stimulation activities in pre-primary schools, examine the contribution of school-child protection agencies’ collaboration and child protection practices, and to assess the relationship between school-health care service providers' collaboration and healthcare practices. An embedded cross-sectional survey design with mixed methods was employed during data collection and analysis. A sample of 166 participants was used during data collection. This included 108 head teachers, 30 Centre Management Committee (CMC) chairpersons, 20 Local Council 1 Chairpersons, 3 Health workers, and 5 Probation officers. Interviews, document analysis, and questionnaires were used to collect data. The study discovered that collaboration and partnerships could enhance the implementation of integrated ECCE services in pre-primary schools. The study identified a number of partnerships and activities that would be used to support the implementation of IECCE services in pre-primary schools. Partnerships for stimulation activities included; Resource mobilization partnerships, Academic events and shared learning partnerships. Child protection partnership entailed; capacity building, security/safety, and child abuse mitigation partnerships. Whereas the health care partnerships included; Health care services, planning for health and capacity building partnerships
Profiling Kiga traditional basketry as a cultural identity product: a case study of Ndorwa county, Kabale district
No full textxiii, 94 p. : ill. (col.) ;The study on Kiga traditional basketry aimed to profile its cultural significance and promote its integration into the Kiga tourism industry by exploring various forms, material characteristics, and their exhibition potential. The study adopted the qualitative methodology, utilizing a narrative research design that incorporated in-depth interviews and observations with a sample of 18 participants selected from a broader population of 80 artisans, craft hawkers, and curators. Over a three-week period, data was collected through interviews, documentary analysis, and observations, focusing on the cultural identity of Kiga basketry and employing thematic analysis to ensure validity and reliability. The study provided an in-depth analysis of Kiga basketry in Kabale District, identifying thirteen distinct basket forms, including the endiiro basket, which all respondents recognized as critical for food serving and decoration and also reflected on its integral role in Kiga cultural practices. It also highlighted how unique patterns and materials like elephant grass and bamboo, along with traditional techniques such as coiling and twining, are essential for conveying cultural identity. The study concluded with recommendations for enhancing the visibility of Kiga basketry through exhibitions, museum displays, and publications, noting strong support from artisans for exhibitions and unanimous advocacy from curators for publications, thus emphasizing the need for collaborative strategies to preserve Kiga basketry's cultural integrity and ensure its sustainability within the tourism sector
Community musicking and musical cognition among adungu music communities of the Acholi people from Awach, Gulu district, Northern Uganda
No full textThis ethnographic inquiry investigated the nature of musical cognition that engagements in the Ugandan Acholi people’s adungu music culture engender, what can be understood about musical cognition in nonwesternized oral community music-making experiences, and how this might inform school music education theory and practice. Schooling in Uganda mostly upholds colonial epistemes that separate cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains, and position the arts and culture at the periphery of school experiences. Through a thematic analysis of data from interviews, focus group discussions, and observations of Anyim Lac troupe music community engagements, this study found that sociomusical experiences engender musical cognition where the musical spirit, mind, body, and environment interactions birth musical understanding. Musical cognition was understood as a holistic process of reflecting, creating, recreating, and acting emotionally where these musical spirit, mind, body, and environment interactions are shaped by culture. Since humans perceive, perform, and learn music as the embodiment of the interaction between musical spirit, mind, body, and environment, educators might need to create contexts where learners engage in learning experiences in ways that embed awareness of the intertwined nature of musical spirit, mind, body, and environment in those meaning-making processes
Assessment of extreme rainfall events and households’ adaptation in river Namatala catchment, Kyoga basin
No full textx, 74 p. : col.Extreme rainfall events in river Namatala catchment have increased over the past decades, yet these extremes have persistently caused disasters to the local population. Thus, this study identified extreme rainfall events, analyzed the trends of extreme rainfall events and it examined how households adapt to the extreme rainfall events in the river catchment. The study was conducted in the lower river Namatala catchment covering the districts of Mbale, Budaka and Butaleja. Gridded rainfall data was acquired using http://hydrology.princeton.edu/data/pgf/0.5deg/ (accessed: 15 March 2024) and the Climate Data Tool (CDT) at. Frequency distribution was used to determine extreme rainfall events River Namatala catchment, Mann-Kendall test and Sens’s slope test was used to determine the trend and magnitude of extreme rainfall events experienced in river Namatala catchment. Questionnaires and interview guides were used as data collection tools. The analysis included descriptive analysis computed using in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23 and Microsoft Excel version 2016. The study revealed that May had the highest number of extreme rainfall events and January had the least number of extreme rainfall events. The trend showed an increase in the extreme rainfall events with positive z-scores of 2.164, 2.63 and 0.621 in the districts of Mbale, Butaleja and Budaka respectively. Digging trenches was found to be the most practiced adaptation measure by the households. The study concluded that extreme rainfall events have increased over time in Namatala catchment over time which requires stringent measures to as to mitigate their impacts. In order boost the resilience of the areas that are affected by the effects of the extreme rainfall events, we need to monitor frequently the occurrence of these events in the catchment, taking into account their socioeconomic network towards disaster resilience among the households along the river Namatala catchment
Charting a landmark-driven path forward for population genetics and ancient DNA research in Africa
No full textP. (1-9) ;Population history-focused DNA and ancient DNA (aDNA) research in Africa has dramatically increased in the past decade, enabling increasingly fine-scale investigations into the continent’s past. However, while international interest in human genomics research in Africa grows, major structural barriers limit the ability of African scholars to lead and engage in such research and impede local communities from partnering with researchers and benefitting from research outcomes. Because conversations about research on African people and their past are often held outside Africa and exclude African voices, an important step for African DNA and aDNA research is moving these conversations to the continent. In May 2023 we held the DNAirobi workshop in Nairobi, Kenya and here we synthesize what emerged most prominently in our discussions. We propose an ideal vision for population history-focused DNA and aDNA research in Africa in ten years’ time and acknowledge that to realize this future, we need to chart a path connecting a series of ‘‘landmarks’’ that represent points of consensus in our discussions. These include effective communication across multiple audiences, reframed relationships and capacity building, and action toward structural changes that support science and beyond. We concluded there is no single path to creating an equitable and self-sustaining research ecosystem, but rather many possible routes linking these landmarks. Here we share our diverse perspectives as geneticists, anthropologists, archaeologists, museum curators, and educators to articulate challenges and opportunities for African DNA and aDNA research and share an initial map toward a more inclusive and equitable future
Development and evaluation of a sustainable solar cooker for operations in Uganda
No full textxii, 89 p. : mapsThe high level of increasing technological advancements and human population globally have resulted into escalated energy demands. With cooking accounting for almost 90% of all the household energy consumption in developing countries, traditional firewood stoves and improved charcoal stove are still dominant regardless of their negative impact. In Uganda, there is need of adopting clean and renewable non-depleting alternative energy sources among which includes solar cooking technologies. Many regional areas across Uganda and especially in the Northern and Eastern, receive approximately 4–5 kWh/m² per day of solar energy which is commendable for most solar cooking technologies. This study deals with the development and evaluation of a novel box-type direct solar cooker while putting in to consideration the existing cooking dynamics, solar irradiation and locally available materials for operation in Ugandan. For optimization, the cooking energy requirements for common foods like rice, matoke, and cassava, along with the average solar irradiation in Uganda, were considered to determine the cooker’s aperture area, which was calculated to be 0.1897 m². The cooker was further developed with internal side-wall reflectors to improve its performance efficiency and these were calculated as 340, 560, 430, and 430 due to south, north, west, and east respectively. Solar data and geographical data for Mbarara city (Having the lowest amount of daily Global Horizontal Irradiation (GHI) among the selected regional areas) were considered in the module design and simulation for performance feasibility. Using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 software, thermal analysis and optical analysis were conducted for the systems performance validation. Finally, locally available materials were considered for costing and construction of the developed solar for both economic and manufacturing feasibility. The cooker was costed at 210 USD with a payback period of 1 and 1.3 years while transitioning from cooking using charcoal and electricity respectively
Kyabazingaship succession conflicts in busoga, 1906 – 2014
No full textVarious pagings ;This research focused on the succession conflicts that plagued Obwakyabazinga bwa Busoga (hereafter referred to as the Kyabazingaship of Busoga) from 1906 to 2014. Despite the existence of various cultural institutions in Uganda, such as Obwakabaka bwa Buganda (Kingdom of
Buganda), Obukama bwa Toro (Kingdom of Toro), Obukama bwa Bunyoro (Kingdom of Bunyoro), and Obusinga bwa Rwenzururu (Kingdom of Rwenzururu), none has experienced the enduring and relentless succession conflicts like those of the Kyabazingaship in Busoga. Employing a historical research design and a qualitative approach, with three data collection methods—documentary, archival, and oral research—this study examined the origins, underlying factors contributing to these conflicts and their effects on the Basoga (the people of Busoga), the institution itself, and the broader Busoga region. The study argues that the succession conflicts in Busoga’s Kyabazingaship originated from the British colonial era and their deliberate efforts to “Gandanise” (to make it similar to Buganda) and reshape the political structure of Busoga. As a result, conflicting roles emerged for chiefs and the central government, establishing a precedent that continued until 2014. The study found that these conflicts are not merely a repetition of history but stem from the failure of dominant royal lineages (Gabula and Zibondo), the Basoga (the people of Busoga), the central government, and political elites in the Busoga sub-region to address the inherent challenges of succession in Busoga. In conclusion, the study sheds light on how the British protectorate government strategically engineered the establishment of the Kyabazingaship to serve their imperialist interests—a trend replicated by ambitious Basoga and subsequent independent Ugandan governments. This compromised the institution’s authenticity and legitimacy, transforming it into a political battleground that overshadowed its intended cultural significance
Dough rheology and baking properties of bread from wheat/ hybrid banana composite flour
No full textx, 105 p. : col.In spite of high productivity and good agronomic adoptability of hybrid cooking bananas, they have undesirable sensory characteristics hence low consumer acceptability. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of partial substitution of wheat with hybrid cooking banana flour on the dough rheology and baking properties of composite bread. Five hybrid banana varieties; M30, M9, N15, N21 and N23 were used in this study. Bananas at green maturity were processed into flour and blended with wheat to make various composite flours (10/90, 20/80, 30/70 and 40/60%). Unblended wheat flour (100%) was used as a control. The different blends were then used to make the wheat composite bread using the straight-dough method. Rheological properties of the composite dough were analyzed using a consistograph (water absorption capacity and maximum pressure), alveograph (peak height, extensibility and baking strength) and farinograph (mixing tolerance index and development time). Textural properties (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness) were determined using the texture analyzer while sensory attributes were investigated using the 9-point hedonic scale. The dough rheology values reported in this study ranged from; water absorption capacity (47.25% to 54.45%), maximum pressure (1315.50 mbar to 2911.50 mbar), peak height (82.50 mm to 151.50 mm), extensibility (19.50 mm to 113.50 mm), baking strength (67.50 J to 244.50 J), development time (1.10 min to 5.40 min) and mixing tolerance index (86.00 BU to 175.50 BU).
Hardness increased with increasing banana flour percentage inclusions, ranging from 2.09 N to 4.39 N. Springiness had no specific trend across the hybrids, but ranged from 0.35 to 0.80. Cohesiveness decreased with an increase in banana flour inclusion levels, ranging from 0.05 to 0.56. Sensory evaluation results showed a decrease in panel acceptability of the composite bread as the percentage inclusion of hybrid banana flour increased. The best scores for the sensory parameters evaluated were recorded at 10% inclusions of M30. Inclusion of hybrid banana flour up to 10% for all varieties studied as well as 20% inclusions for M30, N21 and N15 was comparable to 100% wheat flour. It is therefore recommended to use up to 20% inclusion levels of hybrid cooking banana flour from M30, N21 and N15 in preparation of hybrid banana / wheat composite bread