International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences
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Production of hydrogen gas from water via electrolysis for community power generation
Get PDFRural and remote communities often rely on diesel generators, which are costly, inefficient, and emit greenhouse gas and particulate pollutants. This study combines real-time hydrogen production via electrolytic water separation with a conventional 5,871-cc diesel backup generator to enhance combustion performance and reduce environmental impacts. A self-built electrolyzer was powered by a direct current (DC) battery and precisely controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) to provide hydrogen output based on engine load conditions. The results of testing co-fueling improved fuel efficiency by 20-25%, with a peak 24.9% reduction in fuel consumption at 50% load. Emission measurements revealed significant reductions in black smoke, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, and CO₂, with the maximum CO₂ reduction of 23.4 kg CO₂-e/hr. The system operates without the need for a hydrogen storage tank, thus improving safety and reliability. These findings demonstrate that this low-cost and low-emission approach represents a practical alternative for backup power in remote areas. Future work will focus on long-term stability and monitoring hydrogen flow rates for varying load conditions
Optimizing smart grids with blockchain-driven automation and demand response
Get PDFTo increase resilience, efficiency, and engagement in the network, it shall develop and test its smart grid system integrating blockchain-based authentication and automated demand response management. Simulations are made on the dynamic behavior of the grid in energy generation, consumption, and management through demand responses through MATLAB/Simulink assessment of performance and stability. Ethereum is used in implementing and managing smart contracts that automate and secure events of demand response and consumer interactions for transparency in transactions. It uses Python with Pandas to process, analyze, and visualize simulation data that gives insight into the effectiveness of demand response strategies; PostgreSQL supports the structured storage and querying of data with comprehensive data management. Proper integration of such tools can result in the proper robust simulation of the smart grid system that is highly reliable, efficient usage of energy, and can empower consumers through secure, efficient demand response mechanisms. These immediate issues about managing the grid can thus solve the way toward the future development of such smart grid technologies and their possible integration with the blockchain
Cloud-based secure data storage in healthcare using elliptic curve cryptography
Get PDFThe growth of cloud computing in the healthcare field has led to significant developments, but ensuring the confidentiality and protection of medical records such as electronic health records (EHRs) remains a major concern for healthcare service applications. In cloud computing, the basic authentication provided by most service providers is insufficient to ensure secure access to critical or sensitive resources. Moreover, most of the existing healthcare management systems are ineffective in handling a number of patient data, which leads to single points of failure. To address these issues, elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) with Curve25519 is utilized to enhance security in cloud storage, particularly within healthcare management systems. The ECC with Curve25519 is optimized for efficient and fast scalar multiplication, which reduces computational overhead and enhances performance. The curve parameters are selected to prevent vulnerabilities and ensure security against known attacks. Moreover, it is efficient in maintaining the integrity of patient records, which reduces storage and bandwidth requirements. The ECC with Curve25519 achieves lower Key-Gen, prove, verify, proving key size, and verification key size of 13.7 s, 48 s, 0.608 s, 13.27 Mb, and 123.70 Kb, respectively, in comparison with proxy re-encryption algorithm with zero-knowledge proof (ZKP)
Structural behavior of reinforced soil walls under seismic loads
Get PDFOne of the main engineering challenges has been to design an economical soil retaining structure with high seismic resistance. From this perspective, reinforced soil walls have been developed with a focus on flexibility, in order to efficiently resist the effects of similar historical events in the event of a significant earthquake. The overall objective of this study was to compare the structural behavior of a geogrid-reinforced soil wall (Terramesh® system) under static and pseudo-static loads, and in a seismic environment simulated using the finite element method, in a shopping center in Trujillo, Peru. A case study was conducted using a mixed methodology, both applied and analytical-comparative in scope. Furthermore, the finite element methodology, material constitutive modeling, and dynamic time-history analysis of modal structures were chosen. It was determined that seismic loading can produce a 53.33% increase in deformations compared to the static state; Likewise, the overall safety factor under dynamic conditions tends to decrease by 27.85% compared to the static case. This study demonstrated the scope of geogrid reinforcement (Terramesh® system) through a practical case of a reinforced soil wall, using Plaxis 2D software to compare, estimate, and compare structural behavior in static, dynamic, and simulated environments
Kinetic study of biogas production from anaerobically digested rice straw
Get PDFRising concern about environmental protection has demanded prompt researchers’ attention towards alternative renewable energy sources. Thus, biofuel production with biodegradation of crop straws through anaerobic digestion has attracted the attention of the scientific community. However, the lignocellulosic nature of rice straw poses resistance to its disintegration through anaerobic digestion. Aiming to optimize the concentration of sodium hydroxide pretreatment of rice straw for efficient biogas production this study was conducted. For this purpose, the pretreatment was done on rice straw with different concentrations of sodium hydroxide at about 25 °C temperature for 24 hours before subjecting it to anaerobic digestion for biogas production. The 6% sodium hydroxide pretreated rice straw was observed to be resulting in the highest cumulative biogas production which was found to be 56.3% higher than untreated rice straw. In the kinetic study of biogas production, 6% NaOH pretreated rice straw shows the highest biogas production potential at the highest rate of 15.8496 ml/day with a minimum lag period of 0.6758. The experimental study and kinetic study results represent that 6% NaOH pretreated rice straw has the highest biogas production
Development of antioxidative edible film from red dragon fruit peel extract with the addition of CMC and soy protein isolate
Get PDFThe red dragon fruit peels (RDFP) have a high content of pectin and total phenolic compounds. This research studied the development of RDFP be an antioxidative edible film. The RDFP was extracted by microwave to obtain high pectin and polyphenol content, and then the red dragon fruit peel extract (RDFPE) was used as a based material. The RDFPE was added with 5% (w/v) of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and 10% (w/v) of soy protein isolate (SPI) to increase their tensile strength. The result showed that RDFPE potential to develop as an antioxidative edible film. There are different effects of CMC and SPI. The addition of CMC had a positive effect on total polyphenol and antioxidant properties but SPI had a negative effect. Against the peroxide number of peanut oils, all RDFPE films can inhibit. The effect of CMC and SPI on physical and mechanical properties were increasing thickness, and tensile strength decreasing transparency, solubility, also elongation. The FTIR showed a difference in macromolecule interaction between RDFPE with CMC and SPI. The interaction between RDFPE with CMC occurred with pectin while SPI interacted both with pectin and polyphenol. Thus, macromolecule interaction affected on physical, mechanical, and antioxidative properties of RDFPE edible films, and revealed that CMC was more suitable to add to RDFPE edible film
Carbonized mangrove wood as photothermal material for solar water desalination
Get PDFThe investigation into the physical properties of carbonized mangrove wood (CMW) is essential for its development as an efficient solar heat absorber. This study explores the physical characteristics of CMW and its potential application in solar desalination. Initially, the mangrove wood was cleaned with running water, followed by ultrasonication at a frequency of 42 kHz in 96% ethanol for 5 minutes, and then heated at 125 °C for 2 hours. The carbonization process was conducted in a furnace for 1 hour at temperatures of 400, 500, and 600 °C. The physical properties of CMW were analyzed using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The findings revealed the formation of a carbon structure at 2 theta angles of approximately 24.08, 23.26, and 23.16°, with carbon contents of 45.05, 36.86, and 39.37%, respectively. CMW was identified as a porous material, making it highly effective for sunlight absorption in seawater evaporation. The hydroxyl content within the CMW structure enhanced its water evaporation capabilities. In experimental investigations aimed at desalinating seawater, a 300-watt halogen lamp was positioned 15 centimeters above the CMW's surface, resulting in an evaporation rate of 5.33 kg.m-2.h-1. CMW shows significant promise as a solar evaporator
Crowdfunding platform integrated with cryptocurrency payment support
Get PDFCrowdfunding platforms often face challenges such as high transaction fees, limited global accessibility, and reliance on traditional banking systems, which restrict participation and efficiency. These limitations hinder the full potential of crowdfunding, particularly for global contributors and projects. This research addresses these issues by proposing the development of a mobile crowdfunding platform integrated with cryptocurrency payment support. By incorporating cryptocurrency, the platform aims to reduce transaction costs, remove geographical barriers, and enhance transaction security through blockchain technology. The platform is built using a cross-platform mobile framework to ensure broad accessibility while integrating cryptocurrency gateways for decentralized financial transactions. This allows for real-time, secure, and low-cost payments, offering a transparent and efficient process for both contributors and fundraisers. Additionally, the platform's design supports scalability to accommodate various cryptocurrencies and an expanding user base. The findings demonstrate that cryptocurrency payment integration significantly improves transaction speed, reduces fees, and enhances security compared to traditional payment methods. It also fosters global participation, increasing engagement in crowdfunding initiatives
Numerical study of non-linear twisted blades for tidal turbines improvement
Get PDFDespite the growing demand for renewable energy, the utilization of tidal energy remains underdeveloped due to efficiency limitations in turbine design. Addressing this gap, this study investigates the performance of horizontal-axis tidal turbines (HATT) by comparing two foil designs, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 2415 and OptA, to optimize energy extraction efficiency. The research employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations using OpenFOAM to evaluate the effects of foil modifications and non-linear twist distributions on turbine performance across varying tip speed ratios (TSR). The results indicate that the OptA foil significantly improves turbine performance, achieving a 41.4% increase in torque and a 40.2% increase in power coefficient (CP) at TSR 5, which was identified as the optimal operating condition. The OptA foil enhances velocity distribution, reduces flow separation, and improves vortex behavior, leading to greater efficiency and stability. These findings confirm that foil selection and blade design modifications play a critical role in HATT optimization
Redesign the layout of the raw material warehouse from randomized storage to class-based storage
Get PDFThe company has a problem of ineffectiveness in the layout of the raw material warehouse due to the use of storage methods that ignore factors such as the type, dimensions, and condition of the goods. This reduces the optimal function of the warehouse and increases the time to retrieve goods. This research aims to redesign the suitable and practical layout of the raw material warehouse by considering its form and function, as well as filling methodological gaps from previous research. The method used is class-based storage. Based on ABC analysis, the category with the highest value is class C goods, with 73 units. Meanwhile, from the fast, slow, non-moving (FSN) analysis, class F (fast-moving) goods have the highest frequency of movement, with a movement percentage of 63% for 10 units of goods. The warehouse slotting analysis shows an increase in the number of shelves from nine to 15 shelves with five different shelf models and layout changes in raw material warehouses 1 and 2. The class-based storage method results in a more organized layout, efficient movement of goods, and faster picking time to optimize warehouse functions