International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
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Monitoring and speed control of AC motor using PWM technique
Get PDFThis study focuses on how to monitor and regulate the speed of an AC motor using pulse width modulation (PWM) technology. PWM signals regulate motor voltage and enable continuous monitoring of voltage, current, and speed in addition to speed control. Comparing this technology to conventional techniques yields considerable advantages like enhanced power and speed control. PWM-based speed control can be implemented using circuits specifically designed for motor control or microcontrollers. It has been confirmed that PWM-based control can regulate the target motor under a variety of operating conditions and that it is reliable and efficient. To boost production and efficiency, this change management technique can be applied in a variety of industries, including robots, HVAC systems, and industrial automation. The study results show the significance of PWM technology for monitoring and controlling the speed of AC motors, providing productive and affordable solutions to a range of enterprises and sectors
Enhancing solar power generation through AC power prediction optimization in solar plants
Get PDFAs the world embraces sustainable energy solutions, the accurate prediction of AC power generation in solar power plants becomes imperative for efficient energy management. This research endeavors to address this critical need through a meticulous exploration of five distinctive predictive algorithms: linear regression, gradient boosting, neural networks, support vector regression (SVR), and ensemble techniques. Leveraging a merged dataset comprising environmental parameters like ambient and module temperatures, irradiation, and historical yield, our study embarks on a comprehensive evaluation journey. The essence of this endeavor lies in the recognition that renewable energy sources, particularly solar power, are instrumental in mitigating environmental concerns associated with traditional energy generation. To unleash the full potential of solar power, a nuanced understanding of predictive methodologies is indispensable. Linear regression serves as a cornerstone, validating its foundational role. However, the crux of innovation lies in the advanced algorithms – gradient boosting, neural networks, SVR, and ensemble methods – each striving to optimize prediction accuracy. A novelty of this research stems from its holistic approach to predictive modelling. By meticulously comparing the performance of multiple algorithms, we uncover insights that transcend mere theoretical applications. Our findings assume significance in the context of renewable energy's societal impact
A regulatory power split strategy for energy management with battery and ultracapacitor
Get PDFElectric vehicle batteries face fast degradation due to the high frequency of charging/discharging cycles and great peak power demands. Lifetime, continuity of supply and power density of these batteries affect the performance of electric vehicles (EVs). Hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) offers a feasible solution by incorporating other energy storage elements like ultra-capacitor (UC) along with battery. Their combination provides higher efficiency and better performance in terms energy/power density. UC can behave like a power buffer when the EV is accelerating and regenerating. The HESS needs a controller that can split the available power between different sub systems as per demand. This paper presents a regulatory control strategy useful in HESS with battery and UC for the speed regulation of a brushless DC (BLDC) motor using a 3-port bidirectional DC-DC converter. The regulatory control strategy monitors the state of charge (SOC) of UC and a fuzzy logic controller regulates the power flow between HESS and the motor. Simulation in MATLAB validates the efficacy of the strategy. Simulation results and hardware evaluation confirm that the regulatory control scheme is effective in splitting the available power according to the load demand and achieves better energy efficiency
Intelligent MPPT control for SEPIC-Luo converter in grid tied photovoltaic system
Get PDFGrid connected solar photovoltaic (SPV) systems are becoming more and more common due to steadily rising energy demand. The advantages of photovoltaic power generation, such as its eco-friendliness, low maintenance requirements, and lack of noise, are making it as a significant renewable energy source (RES). This framework presents the modeling and control design of PV grid tied system implemented with integrated single ended primary inductance (SEPIC) Luo converter. The main goal of this work includes investigating solar PV system behaviour and creating an effective grid connected solar power. Solar PV module tracks maximum power, with an aid of chaotic cascaded fuzzy a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) has developed. The DC voltage obtained is fed to 1Φ voltage source inverter (VSI) for conversion of AC voltage. In comparison to typical PWM control, the spectrum performance of the examined voltages is improved by adjusting the nominal duty cycle of main switch of SEPIC-Luo converter. So that PV output impedance is equivalent to DC-DC converter's input resistance. Finally, the obtained AC voltage is supplied to 1Φ grid for further applications. With less THD, an efficiency of 96% is achieved when the implementation of the suggested system is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink
Numerical model of variable valve timing distribution for a supercharged diesel engine
Get PDFRecently, there's been a strong drive to improve performance of diesel engines while reducing their greenhouse gases emissions. Techniques like exhaust gas recirculation, turbocharging, and variable valve timing have become widespread. The last technique fine-tunes valve operation based on engine speed, which optimize efficiency and power output while saving fuel. This study zeroes in on a specific 4-cylinder, 4-stroke diesel engine of 1.56-liter, GT-Power software is employed to examine a supercharged version and implementing diverse valve lift techniques. The findings are revealing a substantial 30% increase in power output. At 1000 rpm, power rises from 15.1 kW for the standard engine to 19.72 kW for the modified version. For higher engine speeds, the improvements become even more pronounced, reaching a 66% boost compared to the standard configuration. Furthermore, the newly configured engine showcases an impressive 13% decrease in fuel-specific consumption at elevated engine speeds, contributing to enhanced technical performance and fuel efficiency. The numerical model developed in this study holds the potential to aid in the design of novel diesel engines equipped with variable valve timing systems. To lend further support to these findings, experimental validation is recommended
Analysis, design, and control of standalone PV based boost DC-AC converter
Get PDFThis paper presents a new control scheme for a boost DC–AC converter which is used for solar power applications. The proposed DC-AC converter configuration can produce an AC voltage level across the output or load side greater than input DC voltage based on the operating duty cycle. Generally, the conventional DC-AC converter or voltage source inverter (VSI) generates AC voltage which is less than input DC voltage. Maintaining a constant voltage across the load with improved dynamic performance is challenging for anyone for the solar photovoltaic (PV) system. A dual-loop sliding mode control is proposed for the boost VSI to address the above issues. The proposed controller has robust in nature against the wide fluctuation in the plant or load parameters. The design, analysis and control of the boost DC-AC converter are briefly discussed in this paper. This topology can be broadly used in solar powered uninterruptible power supply (UPS) where boosting operation is essential for low voltage solar PV system. This topology eliminates the DC boosting power processing stage which leads an improved efficiency of the overall system. The MATLAB/Simulink results are presented to highlight the above issues
Optimal DSSC’s deployment in power system using PSO
Get PDFOwing to the high cost of installation and operation, distributed flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) technology gives opportunity to provide cost-effective solution in power system operation and control. A distributed static series compensator (DSSC) is a series FACTS device and it is placed equidistantly placed on the existing line to vary the line current. Active power can be controlled in the line with the help of DSSC. This paper presents DSSC for active power flow control to enhance system loadability index and to minimize reactive power generation by generators. Since DSSC is of low power. a small value of reactance is emulated in the line. Large number of DSSC’s are distributed along the transmission line at regular intervals to realize considerable change in the current. A particle swarm optimization is implemented to determine DSSC’s emulated reactance optimally. In this condition, all the lines flowing power in their limits with increased loading condition. Maximum system loadability index is evaluated by employing optimal number of DSSC’s on the line. A multiobjective problem is formulated. One objective function is formed such that no line would become overloaded even when loading is increased. Other objective is formulated to minimize reactive power generation by generators. A compromise solution is investigated for optimally connected of DSSC devices to achieve both the objective functions. IEEE 14 bus system is taken for MATLAB simulation of DSSC compensated system
Performance evaluation of novel 9-level RSMLI topology for grid-tied solar-PV system
Get PDFThe shortage of traditional fossil fuels like coal, petrol and natural-gas are increased day-by-day, fulfills the most of energy demand. Most of engineers are trying to maximize the energy demand by employing renewable energy with existing micro-grid system. Owing to merits, the solar-PV system plays a significant alternative among all other renewable energy sources due to abundant and virtuous nature. For grid-tied solar-PV system, the cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter is the most significant over the classical 2-level inverter due to provision of isolated input DC sources. But the cascaded H-bridge topology is designed for limited voltage levels due to its larger number of switches for higher voltage levels, high cost, large-size, and more weight. To alleviate these demerits, a reduced-switch multilevel inverter has been generally preferable for higher voltage levels. In this work, a novel 9-level reduced-switch multilevel inverter (RSMLI) topology has been proposed by utilizing low number of switching devices. The performance of proposed novel 9-level RSMLI topology has been verified in grid-tied solar-PV system by using MATLAB/Simulink tool, simulation results are presented with attractive comparisons
Enhancing power quality in a smart grid using dynamic voltage restorer
Get PDFHybrid smart grids which depend on renewable energy have substantial challenges to their reliability and efficiency due to power quality issues. However, the performance and dependability of the system might be impacted by power quality concerns caused by the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and the presence of nonlinear and unbalanced loads. This study suggests that a hybrid renewable energy-based smart grid can improve power quality by using a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), a flexible alternating current transmission system device. The goal is to improve voltage stability, reduce voltage spikes and harmonic distortion, and provide a clean power supply. This study's primary contributions are the design and execution of the cascaded H-bridge DVR topology, the development of a modified synchronous reference frame-based controller and a thorough examination of the performance of the integrated DVR system. Total harmonic distortion and voltage regulation are two power quality metrics used to evaluate the effectiveness of the suggested technique in MATLAB simulations
Series and shunt FACTS controllers based optimal reactive power dispatch
Get PDFOptimal reactive power dispatch involves the determination and management of reactive power resources in a power system to maintain voltage stability, improve power transfer capability, and minimize system losses. Reactive power is essential for maintaining voltage levels within acceptable limits and ensuring the reliable operation of electrical networks. The whale optimization algorithm (WOA) has been proposed to obtain the optimal location of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) components. The efficacy of WOA is tested using conventional IEEE 14 and 30 bus test systems. Static var compensator (SVC) is used as shunt and the thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC) as a series FACTS controller. The analysis is carried out for both the systems with and without FACTS controllers. Optimization techniques are applied to select the optimal control parameters. The suggested strategy is compared to other contemporary techniques such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grey wolf optimization (GWO). At various loading situations, the WOA-based technique outperforms other two techniques