International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)
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Enhancement of power quality of grid integrated photo voltaic system using active power filter
Get PDFThe world's population's energy needs are growing daily, while at the same time, fossil fuels are being reduced at an alarming rate. Fossil fuel burning also increases pollution and causes global warming. Renewable energies are now being extensively used to generate electricity, so the dependence on fossil fuels is considerably reduced. Among the primary sources of alternative energy used to create power is photovoltaic (PV) technology. A grid connected PV system is the most widely recommended. When PV is linked to the grid, two main issues are the maximum power that can be taken out of it and the quality of the electricity placed into it. With the help of neural networks, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology has been developed to increase the PV array's power harvesting. An active power filter (APF) had been created and analyzed using Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory, including the Chebyshev II low-pass filter. As required by IEEE 519, the total harmonic distortion (THD) with injected source current has been confirmed well within 5%. These results demonstrate that this method is a simple and efficient way to inject harmonic-free currents into the grid
Energy resilience in disaster-prone regions: the role of portable and modular solar power systems
Get PDFEnergy resilience is a critical requirement in disaster-prone regions, where electrical infrastructure is highly vulnerable to natural hazards and prolonged power outages. Portable and modular solar power systems have emerged as promising solutions for enhancing resilience by enabling decentralized, rapidly deployable, and grid-independent energy supply. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the role of portable and modular photovoltaic-based power systems in improving energy resilience from a power electronics perspective. The review synthesizes recent literature on resilience concepts, system architectures, and converter-based control strategies relevant to emergency energy applications. Particular emphasis is placed on DC-first and hybrid AC/DC architectures, modular converter topologies, battery management systems, and energy management strategies that support reliable and fault-tolerant operation under variable and uncertain conditions. Practical deployment and performance considerations, including scalability, robustness, monitoring, and usability in disaster environments, are also discussed. The findings indicate that well-designed portable and modular solar power systems can significantly reduce recovery time, improve operational continuity, and decrease reliance on centralized grids and fuel-based generators. This review identifies key technical challenges and research opportunities to guide future development of resilient power electronic-based energy systems for disaster response and recovery
System-on-chip design for improved switching angle driven 35-level LUO progression-based multi-level inverter
Get PDFThis article concentrates on the development of the IC layout for the driving switches of the inverter with improved switching control. This work uses the improved non-carrier switching pattern algorithms to have precise control of inverter switches with twin objectives of i) reducing the total harmonic distortion (THD)% and ii) developing a dedicated system on chip for the improved switching control of the 35-level switched ladder multi-level inverter. The DC voltage of the inputs to the inverter is designated based on the LUO progression, which consists of an improved mathematical formula for deriving its values. Conventionally, the multi-level inverter circuits are driven by the pulse width modulation signals by overlapping the modulating sine wave with different levels of triangle waves, such as phase disposition, phase opposite disposition, and alternate phase opposite disposition, utilized to drive various voltage source inverter topologies. Although the MLI design concentrates on minimal THD%, factors like accuracy, minimum number of switches, and cost demands for advanced switching strategy algorithms. This paper compares the improved switching angle method to the existing algorithm by considering VPEAK, VRMS, and %THD for the 35-level LUO progression-based switched ladder inverter. The IC layout for the improved switching control is developed using the hardware description language code in the Cadence tool and validated by cross-compiling in Simulink MATLAB
Parametric analysis on the effect of V-type rotor magnet geometry on the dynamic performance of PMSMs
Get PDFThe research examines how different dimensions of V-type permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) magnets influence the magnetic flux between the rotor and the stator system because matching these dimensions optimizes the magnetic flux for better torque production. As long as the magnet size stays within the right dimensions, it builds greater flux density, which leads to better torque output and better efficiency. Research confirms that flow barriers strengthen engine capabilities. The research applies parametric optimization to find the perfect magnet shapes while showing how they boost electric vehicle motors to meet their requirements. Our tests with finite element method (FEM) show how changing magnet dimensions affects performance. Researchers adjust magnetic measurements frequently until the optimal setup of 50 mm thick by 4.5 mm wide emerges. Their action boosts flux density, which improves motor torque and energy capacity. At these optimal dimensions, the engine achieved 95% efficiency with precise flow barrier adjustments that helped increase torque output while reducing unstable electricity output
Implementation of closed-loop field-oriented control for PMSM on rehabilitation robot using BTS 7960
Get PDFThe efficiency of control systems in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) is crucial, especially for applications in physiotherapy robots. Previous studies have demonstrated that an open-loop field-oriented control (FOC) driver using BTS7960 outperforms the commonly used electronic speed controller (ESC). This research addresses the challenge of further improving efficiency by employing a closed-loop FOC driver with the BTS7960. The research methodology involves two main stages. First, a PSIM software simulation of a closed-loop FOC using a proportional integral (PI) controller is conducted. The aim is to determine the P and I parameters that result in the smallest settling time, steady-state error, and overshoot in controlling the PMSM motor's rotation per minute (RPM). The second stage involves hardware implementation with the BTS7960, where the PMSM motor RPM is compared under various loads ranging from 10-gram to 60 gram. RPM results from both open-loop and closed-loop configurations are compared. The results show that the closed-loop FOC driver has improved system transient response compared to the previous open-loop FOC driver, notably reducing the settling time from 2.24 seconds to 1.45 seconds for a 60 gram load. Therefore, this research concludes that a closed-loop configuration with well-tuned PI parameters can deliver better performance compared to open-loop methods, as clearly demonstrated
Wind turbine defect detection using deep learning
Get PDFWind turbines play a critical role in the generation of renewable energy, but their maintenance and inspection, especially in large-scale wind farms, present significant challenges. Traditionally, wind turbines have been inspected manually, a process that is not only time-consuming but also costly and risky. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as an efficient alternative, offering a safer and more economical means of gathering inspection data. However, the challenge lies in the manual analysis of the collected data, which demands expertise and considerable time. This paper proposes using object detection algorithms, specifically YOLOv8, to automate the detection of wind turbines and their defects, streamlining the inspection process. The model is trained on wind turbine images to identify potential faults such as cracks and corrosion. This approach aims to increase the accuracy and efficiency of wind turbine maintenance, ensuring prompt defect detection and reducing both operational costs and downtime
Seventeen-level cascaded switched-capacitor multilevel inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic systems
Get PDFThis paper proposes a single-phase photovoltaic (PV) multi-array single DC bus seventeen-level cascaded switched capacitor multi-level inverter (CSC-MLI). Two boost converters are employed to extract maximum power, one for each PV string, and the output of each boost converter is connected to a single DC bus collector. A new 17-level CSC-MLI topology has been proposed to produce seventeen output voltage levels with a boosting ability of 2 times and the capability of limiting the capacitors' inrush current during the capacitors' charging mode. The topology offers a lower total standing voltage (TSV) of 16.5 as well as utilizes a lower number of components compared to conventional inverters. A total harmonic distortion (THD) of only 8.12% is present in the output voltage waveform, which yields a high-quality injected grid current through a simple filter with a THD of 1.18%. This design utilizes the switched-capacitor technique and has a self-voltage balancing feature. A novel hybrid-PWM technique has been implemented on CSC-MLI with a switching frequency of 2.5 kHz. The topology of the 3 kW single-phase 17-level inverter demonstrated commendable steady-state and dynamic performance across a range of test conditions by using MATLAB/Simulink software
Bidirectional AC/DC converter connecting AC and DC microgrids for smart grids
Get PDFThis paper proposes a converter connecting two independent AC and DC microgrids in a flexible microgrid and smart grid system. With this converter, basic DC/DC converter types such as Flyback are used to develop the power circuit and controller for the converter that is capable of integrating the operating functions for the operation between microgrids. The converter uses bidirectional switching locking technology to simplify the control algorithm. The energy is converted in two directions, AC/DC and DC/AC, with different working principles of increasing and decreasing voltage according to the standards of the distribution grid and DC microgrid. The TDH value is significantly limited when using the recovery circuit solution. The converter is designed, simulated based on OrCAD software, and tested with a capacity in the range of 2-10 kW. The DC microgrid output voltage is 400 VDC, voltage is 220 VAC
Enhanced performance of PV systems using a smart discrete solar tracker with fuzzy-ant colony controller
Get PDFA solar tracker is a combination of mechanical and electrical systems that can be used to move a solar panel to follow the sun's direction. This solar tracker system is expected to optimize the output power of photovoltaics. Based on existing research, many solar tracking systems have been developed using active tracking methods to increase the power consumption of the components of solar trackers. Therefore, a passive solar tracking system was used to reduce the solar tracker's internal energy consumption. In this study, a passive smart discrete solar tracker was designed with 3 positions and 5 tracking positions based on a fuzzy-ant colony controller (ACO). The design of a passive solar tracker based on a fuzzy-ACO has a performance index (average) with a rise time of 0.45 s, a settling time of 0.701 s, a maximum overshoot of 0.5%, and a steady-state error of 0.05%. From the design, the 3-position passive solar tracker with fuzzy-ACO control can increase efficiency with a gross energy gain of 42.79% for 10 hours compared to a fixed PV. The 5-position passive solar tracker using fuzzy-ACO control increased the efficiency with a gross energy gain of 43.99%
Assessment of the efficiency and performance of different PV system configurations under various fault conditions
Get PDFPartial shadowing, bypass-diode issues, photovoltaic (PV) module deterioration, and wiring issues are examples of PV failures that have a substantial effect on power production and cause distinct peaks in a PV system's P-V curves. Various PV fault types have been used in the solar cell system in this work. Four types were used: open circuit, line to ground, cross-line to line, and intra-line to line. The impact of various PV system failure types on the system's performance was emphasized in this study. MATLAB is used to display the simulation results for the four approaches (series parallel (SP), total cross tied (TCT), honeycomb (HC), and bridge link (BL)) under various fault scenarios. The current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) curves are used to compare the results for each fault scenario. The open circuit fault between PV (7.8) in the first string and PV (18.19) in the fourth string resulted in a 40% decrease in the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic system compared to its normal value in the SP topology, while in the HC and BL topologies, the current value exceeded the allowable limit. This, in turn, had an impact on the (I-V) characteristics of this topology. The fault's impact was minimal and within the typical bounds of its (I-V) characteristics in the TCT topology