International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)
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Small signal modeling of restructured boost converter in continuous conduction mode
Get PDFThis paper introduces small signal modeling of the restructured boost converter (RBC) in continuous conduction mode (CCM) by using the circuit averaging technique. The averaging technique produces linear transfer functions of the converter. The transfer functions relating the duty cycle to output voltage, duty cycle to inductor current, input voltage to output voltage, and input voltage to inductor current are obtained. To validate the converter model, power simulation (PSIM) simulations are developed, and experiments are conducted. The function of RBC is similar to a conventional boost converter, i.e., to level up the input voltage. A comparative analysis between the RBC and conventional boost converter is performed. The results highlight the advantages of RBC over a conventional boost converter
Robust sliding mode control of a DFIG based on the SVM strategy
Get PDFThis paper presents a direct power control (DPC) method for a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) used in variable-speed wind power systems, combining sliding mode control (SMC) with space vector modulation (SVM). The proposed SMC-based DPC with SVM (SMC-DPC_SVM) achieves decoupled power control through flux orientation, enhancing performance through the robustness of SMC and the precision of SVM. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this control strategy. The conventional direct power control (C-DPC) approach delivers fast and robust power response, and a comparative analysis between C-DPC and the proposed SMC-DPC_SVM strategy highlights the advantages of the latter. Robustness was evaluated under varying machine parameters, confirming system stability. The proposed control method was implemented and validated using MATLAB/Simulink, achieving a total harmonic distortion (THD) of less than 5%, indicating high-quality power delivery to the electrical grid
Design and implementation of 4-quadrant chopper for speed control of EVs and regenerative braking analysis
Get PDFThis paper presents a novel 4-quadrant chopper design for controlling the speed of electric vehicles, featuring a regenerative braking mechanism to improve energy efficiency. Regenerative braking recovers energy during deceleration by converting kinetic energy into electrical energy stored in the battery. This process activates automatically when the accelerator pedal is released, slowing the vehicle while reducing reliance on mechanical brakes, which remain available for emergency situations. The system’s voltage control is achieved using a pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique that adjusts the duty cycle of switching devices. A microcontroller serves as the system’s core, generating PWM signals and coordinating its operation. The performance of the chopper was evaluated through simulations and experiments, demonstrating that optimal energy recovery occurs at duty cycles of 55-65%. The results revealed that up to 400 joules of energy can be regenerated per braking cycle, particularly in stop-start driving conditions. This innovative design contributes to a 5-10% extension in battery life per charge cycle, enhancing the overall efficiency and sustainability of electric vehicles. The proposed system demonstrates significant potential for energy recovery and reduced wear on mechanical braking systems, paving the way for more efficient electric vehicle technologies
Design and implementation of PV emulator based on synchronous buck converter using Arduino Nano microcontroller
Get PDFThis paper discusses the comprehensive design and implementation of a photovoltaic (PV) emulator hardware using a synchronous buck converter. The primary objective is to simulate the electrical characteristics of a real PV module under varying environmental conditions. The process involves detailed simulations carried out using MATLAB/Simulink software to evaluate the performance and accuracy of the emulator model. Various load values were tested to account for the impact of fluctuations in radiation and temperature. The accuracy of the emulator's output characteristics was validated by comparing them with the actual attributes of the SolarWorld Sun-module SW50 PV module. The final step involves constructing the hardware of the PV emulator using electronic components, with an Arduino Nano employed as the controller
Optimal parameter identification of fractional-order proportional integral controller to improve DC voltage stability of photovoltaic/battery system
Get PDFThis study addresses the critical challenges of voltage stabilization in DC microgrids, where the inherent variability of renewable energy sources significantly complicates reliable operation. The focus is on optimizing the fractional-order proportional-integral (FO-PI) controller using four advanced techniques a whale optimization algorithm (WOA), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), genetic algorithm (GA), and sine cosine algorithm (SCA). Voltage instability poses substantial risks to the reliability and efficiency of DC microgrids, making the optimization of the FO-PI controller an essential task. Through comparative analysis, the study demonstrates that WOA outperforms the other methods, achieving superior voltage stability, resilience, and overall system performance. Notably, WOA achieves the lowest average cost function at 0.0004, compared to 0.892 for GWO, 0.659 for GA, and 0.096 for SCA, showcasing its effectiveness in fine-tuning the controller’s parameters. These findings highlight WOA robustness as a powerful tool for enhancing microgrid performance, especially in voltage regulation. The study underscores WOA potential in ensuring the reliable and efficient integration of renewable energy systems into DC microgrids and lays the groundwork for further research into its application in more complex and dynamic grid scenarios. By optimizing the FO-PI controller, WOA significantly contributes to the long-term stability and efficiency of DC microgrids
Experimental validation of two voltage regulation strategies for boost converters in wind systems
Get PDFThis study provides an experimental validation of two advanced control methods, sliding mode control (SMC) and fuzzy logic control (FLC) for regulating the DC bus voltage in a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbine system using a boost converter. Initially, MATLAB/Simulink simulations are used to assess the system's behavior in an ideal environment, where various operating conditions and disturbances are modeled to test the robustness of the control algorithms. Subsequently, real experiments are conducted using a physical prototype of a boost converter and a LAUNCHXL-F28069M DSP board to evaluate the system's behavior under real-world scenarios. The evaluation focuses on system stability, tracking accuracy, and response time under various wind turbine operating conditions. The experimental results reveal that SMC outperforms FLC in terms of rapidity, precision, and hardware implementation. Additionally, SMC offers significant advantages in achieving superior performance metrics, such as improved dynamic response and enhanced overall system stability, making it a more effective choice for practical wind energy applications. This experimental validation simplifies the selection of optimal control strategies for wind energy systems
Evaluating shading effects on photovoltaic modules: Mathematical modeling with ideal, single, and double diodes
Get PDFAmong the issues that solar systems face is partial shadowing that can be caused by many factors, such as trees, buildings, or clouds. A shaded module will produce less energy, which reduces the power supplied by a solar system based on PV panels. The purpose of this study is to model and simulate photovoltaic modules based on an ideal single and double diode. After that, we will simulate five configurations formed by nine photovoltaic solar panels: series (S), parallel (P), series-parallel (SP), bridge-link (BL), and total-cross-tied (TCT) under uniform and non-uniform cases (center, diagonal, and frame). These five PV solar configurations are compared in terms of short circuit currents (ISC), open circuit voltages (VOC), peak powers (PMP), the voltage and current values corresponding to maximum power (VMP, IMP), mismatch power loss (MPL), fill factor (FF), efficiency ratio (ER), and overall maximum power (OMP). The six PV configurations are simulated, considering the parameters of the STM6-40/36 PV module
Optimization of renewable energy-based electrical systems on tourist ships in Labuan Bajo
Get PDFThe use of fossil fuels on tourist boats in Labuan Bajo poses challenges in the form of high operational costs and significant environmental impacts. This study aims to optimize the renewable energy-based electrical system by utilizing a hybrid photovoltaic and generator system on tourist boats. The methods used include simulation and technical, economic, and socio-cultural analysis to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of the system. The results of the study show that technically, the hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-generator system is able to improve energy efficiency and reliability of electricity supply, especially in dealing with fluctuations in power needs. From an economic aspect, this system has been proven to reduce fossil fuel consumption by up to 40%, which has an impact on long-term operational cost savings, even though the initial investment is quite high. Socio-culturally, the implementation of this system supports sustainability values and provides a positive image for the tourism industry in Labuan Bajo as an environmentally friendly destination. The use of a hybrid PV-generator system is an innovative and sustainable solution for tourist boats in Labuan Bajo, which not only improves technical efficiency and economic benefits but also supports environmental conservation and sustainability-based tourism
An experimental design of 3 kW variable speed wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator for standalone applications
Get PDFVariable speed wind turbines are suitable for isolated populations, island communities or usages in which the charge of electric lines beats the connection and upkeep charge of wind turbine. This research builds wind turbine which working over variable velocity of wind. The proposed construct incorporates three-bladed aerofoil rotor, gear box with ratio 1:8, three-phase doubly-fed induction generator, automatic voltage regulator and tower. Results verify efficacy of this installed structure at wind speed of 7.0-8.2 m/s. The proposed design generates power output at 3 kW, voltage per phase between 220 V, and frequency of 50 Hz; and exhibits noise just around 60-70 dB which is below the permissible noise threshold of 85 dB
Performance analysis of a cascaded dual full bridges 5, 7, and 9 levels inverter: experimental validation
Get PDFCascaded full-bridge inverter is a suitable topology for grid-connected applications due to its ability to generate an output voltage waveform that closely resembles a sine wave, resulting in lower total harmonic distortion (THD) factors. This article proposes the use of the selective harmonic elimination (SHE) technique to produce a 5-level voltage using a symmetrical inverter and 7 and 9-level voltage using an asymmetrical inverter composed of only two full bridges loaded by an RL circuit of 51.4 Ω and 200 mH. The study primarily focuses on analysing the impact of the number of levels on the power quality of the inverter. This includes investigating the effects of the fundamental magnitude on the produced power, as well as measuring losses in the inverter, power factor, THD factor, and fundamental magnitude for each level configuration. The study demonstrates that asymmetrical MLIs lower THD (10.9% vs. 16.7%) and increasing voltage levels enhance waveform quality but slightly reduce the fundamental voltage magnitude, impacting AC power output. The simulation analysis has been conducted using the PSIM environment, and the results have been validated through experimental measurements