RepoMed (Medizinische Hochschule Hannover)
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Prävalenz und Risikofaktoren eines Parental Burnouts in Deutschland
Full text linkHintergrund und Zielstellung Parental Burnout (PB) gilt als Ergebnis eines dauerhaften Ungleichgewichts zwischen Stressoren und Ressourcen, verbunden mit vier Hauptsymptomen 1 Erschöpfung hinsichtlich der elterlichen Rolle, 2 Kontrast zum früheren elterlichen Selbst, 3 Gefühl der Überdrüssigkeit und 4 emotionale Distanzierung von den eigenen Kindern (Roskam et al 2022). Die Konsequenzen für die gesamte Familie können schwerwiegend sein. Bezogen auf das elterliche Burnout untersucht die vorliegende Studie die Prävalenz in einer norddeutschen Stichprobe Risikofaktoren für ein elterliches Burnout besondere Risikogruppen Mit dieser Untersuchung sollen mögliche Ansatzpunkte für die Beratung und Therapie von Eltern im (Risiko für ein) Parental Burnout gefunden werden
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Diabetes Prevalence in Europe
Full text linkDiabetes prevalence is steadily increasing in Europe. This study aims to compare diabetes prevalence and the existence of related socioeconomic inequalities between 19 European countries. Using data from The European Social Survey (ESS), there were 31,178 participants (53.06% women) aged 25+ years from Austria, Belgium, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Education level and employment were used as indicators of socioeconomic inequalities. Logistic regression analyses were calculated to predict diabetes by controlling for age and gender. Differences in the effect size of education on diabetes prevalence between countries were then further examined. Overall diabetes prevalence in Europe was reported to be 6.12%, and was higher in participants from Eastern and Southern Europe than in Northern and Western Europe. Additionally, men in Western and Northern Europe had a higher risk of reporting having diabetes compared to women. Employment was identified as a protective factor against diabetes development across all European regions. Moreover, individuals with a tertiary level of education had a lower risk of reporting having diabetes in most European regions except for the Eastern region. Participants with lower education levels and the unemployed ones had a higher chance of reporting having diabetes. This was found across all European regions except for some countries from the Eastern region
Emotion Recognition and Gaze Behavior in Late-Diagnosed Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Eye-Tracking Study
No full textThis study examined emotion recognition ability and gaze patterns in adults with late-diagnosed autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 38) without intellectual or language impairment using an eye-tracking paradigm combined with a test of emotional stimuli (EU-Emotion Stimulus Set) and compared them to a sex-, age-, and intelligence quotient-matched non-autistic control group (NC, n = 33). File format: .sav; abbreviations and units in file
[18F]FDG-PET provides insights into the liver-brain axis and confirms SUV as a surrogate for MR in a mouse model of liver fibrosis
Full text linkPurpose The liver-brain axis regulates metabolic homeostasis, with glucose metabolism playing a key role. Liver dysfunction, such as fibrosis, may impact brain metabolism and consequently, brain function. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging provides a non-invasive approach to study glucose metabolism in both organs. A recent longitudinal PET/CT study utilizing 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) amongst other radiotracers revealed significant metabolic changes in the liver in a mouse model of liver fibrosis. Here, we retrospectively analyzed those data to quantify potential associated changes in brain glucose metabolism. Procedures Eleven male C57BL/6N mice underwent repeated PET imaging with [18F]FDG at baseline, pre-fibrosis, fibrosis, and remission stages. Cerebral glucose metabolism was assessed using standardized uptake value (SUV), blood glucose-corrected SUV (SUVgluc), and kinetic modeling (Patlak and two-tissue compartment models) for calculation of the glucose metabolic rate (MRGlu). Results Both SUVgluc and MRGlu significantly decreased during pre-fibrosis and fibrosis on whole brain level and recovered at remission. SUVgluc statistical parametric mapping identified multiple brain areas with reduced glucose metabolism, which was confirmed by regional analysis showing progressive reduction in SUVgluc. Correlation analyses confirmed SUVgluc as a reliable surrogate for MRGlu, unlike uncorrected SUV. Liver [18F]FDG uptake increased during fibrosis and normalized at remission, mirroring changes in blood glucose concentrations. Conclusions [18F]FDG PET imaging revealed that liver fibrosis alters glucose metabolism in both liver and brain, emphasizing the potential of molecular imaging for future assessment of metabolic interaction between liver and brain. [18F]FDG uptake in terms of SUVgluc strongly correlated with MRGlu from kinetic modeling, supporting its utility as a valid surrogate parameter to quantify cerebral glucose metabolism in mice
TFAP2A orchestrates gene regulatory networks and tubular architecture in kidney outer medullary collecting ducts
Full text linkMutations in the transcription factor TFAP2A are linked to congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in humans. While Tfap2a knockout (KO) in mouse collecting ducts leads to tubular epithelial abnormalities, its precise molecular functions in kidney tubules remain unclear. To investigate Tfap2a-dependent gene regulatory networks in the mouse kidney collecting ducts, we employed conditional KO (Hoxb7-Cre; Tfap2afl/fl) models combined with transcriptomics. Histomorphological and physiological assessments of Tfap2a-KO mice revealed progressive postnatal dilation of the outer medullary collecting ducts. Integrating bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing with in silico motif mapping in ATAC-seq datasets demonstrated that Tfap2a is highly expressed and active in normal collecting duct principal cells. Comparative transcriptomics between 3-month-old Tfap2a-KO and control mice identified dysregulated genes associated with cell adhesion and WNT signaling, including Alcam and Wnt9b. These changes were confirmed by in situ hybridization. Our findings reveal that Tfap2a regulates medullary collecting duct diameter by orchestrating a transcriptional network involving Wnt9b and Alcam, providing insights into its role in kidney structural integrity
The effect of cCMP and cUMP on growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to screen for possible biological effects of the non-canonical nucleotides 3',5'-cyclic uridine monophosphate (cUMP) and 3',5'-cyclic cytidine monophosphate (cCMP) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa beyond the already reported function in the bacterial pyrimidine cyclase system for antiphage resistance (Pycsar). Since endogenously synthesized cCMP was detected in growing bacterial cultures and the cCMP concentration was higher when nutrients became more restricted, we hypothesized that a membrane-permeable analog of cCMP added to growing cultures alters growth kinetics. Indeed, when growing in a nutrient-scarce minimum salt medium, the cCMP analog acetoxymethyl-cCMP led to a dose-dependent growth lag, whereas neither its native counterpart nor cAMP, cGMP, or cUMP induced such a lag. This inhibitory effect on growth translated into a sensitizing effect against the antibacterial drugs azithromycin and, very pronounced, against gentamicin. Since P. aeruginosa is one of the most common opportunistic pathogens, improving antibacterial drug therapies is of high interest and may be a promising future research area. Exposure of bacterial cultures to native cUMP led to induction of biofilm formation, which was paralleled by an increase in c-di-GMP synthesis and generation of the Quorum sensing metabolites pqs and hhq. Since biofilm formation is another key feature of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to evade the host's immune system, targeting cyclic UMP concentrations during infections may also be of therapeutic relevance. In summary, our findings corroborate the need for further research on the 3',5'-cyclic pyrimidine nucleotides in bacteria beyond their established function in the Pycsar anti-phage defense system
Compliance der hygienischen Händedesinfektion im OP entsprechend der 5 WHO Indikationen
Full text linkQuantitative Untersuchungen zu butyrat- und propionatproduzierenden bakteriellen Gemeinschaften der menschlichen Darmmikrobiota
Full text linkShort sleep duration in adults with congenital heart disease is associated with epicardial adipose tissue accumulation
Full text linkShort sleep duration has been linked to an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders and adverse outcomes, including hospitalization and mortality, in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We assessed the association between sleep duration and cardiovascular parameters in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). Data were derived from the ongoing PSYConHEART study on morbidity and mortality factors in ACHD. Sleep duration, sociodemographic variables, and symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured using self-report questionnaires. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) was measured by echocardiography, and clinical parameters regarding the underlying heart condition, including serum levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), were assessed. Patients with a score 6 h/night) and age (≥ 35 vs. < 35 years) as independent variables, corrected for BMI, sex, and NYHA class, revealed a significant effect of sleep duration and age on prognostic CVD markers, namely EAT and NT-proBNP. Sleep duration was associated with CVD markers in older patients only. Sleep duration was associated with CVD markers only in older patients. In particular, EAT, which has prognostic value in cardiac diseases, was negatively impacted by short sleep duration. Sleep problems/disorders are amenable to psychological and pharmacological interventions. Therefore, assessment of sleep problems/ disorders may be recommended as part of the multimodal treatment of ACHD patients
Data Metamizole Pharmacokinetics Mice
No full textData concerning the following project/manuscript: Pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of metamizole in C57BL/6J mice after subcutaneous injection and during voluntary oral self-intake Background Metamizole is a widely used analgesic in both human and veterinary medicine with analgesic, antipyretic, and spasmolytic properties and is also commonly utilized in laboratory animal research. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetics of metamizole in mice has not been described yet and information on efficacy and tolerability are rare. Acquisition of these data would contribute to optimization in pain management and therefore to refinement of pain-associated interventions according to the 3R principles. Results Pharmacokinetics, antinociceptive efficacy, and tolerability of metamizole in healthy male and female C57BL/6J mice were investigated after single s.c. injection (50 mg/kg) and during oral self-administration via drinking water (200 mg/kg/24 h over 5 days). Additionally, the potential influence of metamizole on established behavioral parameters for pain assessment was determined. Plasma elimination half-life was 0.91 h for metamizole metabolite 4-methylaminoantipyrine and 1.72 h for 4-aminoantipyrine after s.c. injection. Simulated repeated injection analysis suggests injection intervals of 2 h or less to achieve stable plasma levels. During oral self-administration, metamizole-medicated water was voluntarily consumed, resulting in target dose intake. Plasma levels reached maximum within the first 12 h and remained stable at relatively low levels between 36 and 120 h during oral administration. The hot water tail immersion test did not indicate an antinociceptive effect of metamizole, but a correlation between 4-methylaminoantipyrine plasma levels and latency to tail withdrawal after s.c. injection was found. In general, metamizole was well tolerated at both administration routes, without changes in body weight, clinical score, or body temperature. However, tolerability assessment revealed influence on excitation, coordination, and sedation, and some minor effects on hematological parameters and histology of the stomach. The most part of behavioral parameters were unaffected, except early nesting and wheel running activity, particularly in male mice. Conclusions This study provides novel insights into pharmacokinetics, antinociceptive efficacy, and tolerability of metamizole in C57BL/6J mice. While metamizole was overall well tolerated and voluntarily consumed, antinociceptive efficacy at the investigated doses was limited. The short half-life of the metabolites implies limited use as analgesic in mice, therefore further research on dose optimization and therapeutic plasma levels is required to assess the suitability of metamizole for pain management