RepoMed (Medizinische Hochschule Hannover)
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Tatort Universität: Sozialpsychiater kämpfen Anfang der 1970er-Jahre in Hannover und Heidelberg um Lehrstühle
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Neuropsychiatrische Symptome bei Patienten mit Hepatitis C-Infektion ohne relevante Lebererkrankung im Langzeit-Follow-Up
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Research support in progress: Lines of development at the MHH library
Get PDFDie Bibliothek der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover (MHH) baut Ihre forschungsnahen Dienste in enger Kooperation mit anderen Stellen innerhalb der Hochschule kontinuierlich aus. In diesem Beitrag werden Entwicklungslinien der angebotenen Services aufgezeigt, der Status quo dargestellt und Aufgaben sowie Herausforderungen für die Zukunft zusammengetragen. Dabei zeigt sich die besondere Herausforderung der Vernetzung separat entstandener Dienste zu einem konsistenten Dienstleistungsportfolio.The library of the Hannover Medical School (MHH) is continuously expanding its research-related services in close cooperation with other departments within the university. In this article, the development lines of the services offered are shown, the status quo is presented and tasks and challenges for the future are compiled. The special challenge of networking separately created services into a consistent service portfolio becomes apparent
Contextual effects of community capacity as a predictor for adolescent alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use: a multi-level analysis
Get PDFAdolescent substance use is a major public health issue that can result in enduring physical, psychological, and social consequences. This study seeks to examine the relationship between community capacity for prevention and the 4-week prevalence rate of substance use, including tobacco, alcohol, other drugs, and binge-drinking, among students in Germany ranging from grades 5 to 11. This study employed a cross-sectional design and used baseline data from 28 communities participating in the CTC-EFF study. The sample consisted of 7210 students who were surveyed about their substance use behavior. Additionally, 158 local key informants were surveyed on ten capacity domains, which included commitment, knowledge and skills, resources, leadership, inclusiveness, prevention collaboration, sectoral-collaboration, cohesion, problem-solving skills, and needs orientation. Furthermore, a total capacity score was calculated as the mean of the ten capacity domains. To examine the associations between community capacity and substance use behavior, logistic multi-level models were utilized. The analysis shows a negative association between community capacity (total score) and any substance use (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.12-0.56). Specifically, higher levels of total community capacity are associated with lower odds of alcohol use (OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.13-0.80), tobacco use (OR = 0.09, 95% CI 0.01-0.60), and binge-drinking (OR = 0.67, 95% CI (0.46-0.99). Further analyses of distinct community capacity domains indicate that higher levels of sectoral-collaboration (OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.37-0.97), knowledge and skills (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.40-0.79), resources (OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.36-0.76), and problem-solving skills (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.36-0.89) are associated with lower odds of any substance use. The study findings suggest that community capacity is associated with substance use behavior, emphasizing the importance of capacity building in interventions targeting the reduction of substance use among adolescents
Cisplatin versus carboplatin and paclitaxel in radiochemotherapy for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Get PDFCAR-NK cell therapy targeting HER1 and CD44v6 in combination with other therapeutic strategies against HNSCC
Get PDFCognitive control in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: a study with event-related potentials.
Get PDFIntroduction Little is known about cognitive control in adults with high-functioning forms of autism spectrum disorder because previous research focused on children and adolescents. Cognitive control is crucial to monitor and readjust behavior after errors to select contextually appropriate reactions. The congruency effect and conflict adaptation are measures of cognitive control. Post-error slowing, error-related negativity and error positivity provide insight into behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of error processing. In children and adolescent with autism spectrum disorder deficits in cognitive control and error processing have been shown by changes in post-error slowing, error-related negativity and error positivity in the flanker task. Methods We performed a modified Eriksen flanker task in 17 adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and 17 healthy controls. As behavioral measures of cognitive control and error processing, we included reaction times and error rates to calculate congruency effects, conflict adaptation, and post-error slowing. Event-related potentials namely error-related negativity and error positivity were measured to assess error-related brain activity. Results Both groups of participants showed the expected congruency effects demonstrated by faster and more accurate responses in congruent compared to incongruent trials. Healthy controls exhibited conflict adaptation as they obtained performance benefits after incongruent trials whereas patients with autism spectrum disorder did not. The expected slowing in reaction times after errors was observed in both groups of participants. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder demonstrated enhanced electrophysiological error-processing compared to healthy controls indicated by increased error-related negativity and error positivity difference amplitudes. Discussion Our findings show that adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder do not show the expected upregulation of cognitive control in response to conflicts. This finding implies that previous experiences may have a reduced influence on current behavior in these patients which possibly contributes to less flexible behavior. Nevertheless, we observed intact behavioral reactions after errors indicating that adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder can flexibly adjust behavior in response to changed environmental demands when necessary. The enhancement of electrophysiological error-processing indicates that adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder demonstrate an extraordinary reactivity toward errors reflecting increased performance monitoring in this subpopulation of autism spectrum disorder patients
